Memorize these drugs

Question 1

heparin

Answer 1

binds to AT3

Question 2

once AT3 is activated, it is. an inhibitor of what?

Answer 2

prothrombin to thrombin and factors IX and Xa

Question 3

1/2 life of heparin

Answer 3

1-2 hours

Question 4

antifibrinolytics

Answer 4

Amicar

TXA

Question 5

how do antibrinolytics work

Answer 5

inhibit fibrinolysis by binding with plasminogen

once plasminogen cannot bind to fibrin and cannot activate plasmin

no plasmin activation = no clot breakdown

Question 6

prime dose for Amicar and TXA

Answer 6

Amicar 10 g

TXA 1g

Question 7

albumin does what

Answer 7

blood volume expander

added to increase the oncotic load to help prevent third spacing of crystalloid prime

Question 8

mannitol does what

Answer 8

osmotic diuretic
increases urinary output
oxygen free radical scavenger

Question 9

what are vasopressors used for

Answer 9

to increase systemic vascular resistance (SVR) to treat hypotension

Question 10

what are vasopressor drugs that are used

Answer 10

phenylephrine and norepinephrine

Question 11

what are vasodilators used for

Answer 11

to treat hypertension

Question 12

what are the vasodilator drugs

Answer 12

nitroglycerin

nitoprusside

Question 13

nitroglycerin MOA

Answer 13

dilates venous system > arterial system

used to treat high BP and angina

Question 14

nitroprusside

Answer 14

dilates arterial system > venous system

Question 15

anti-arrhythmia drugs

Answer 15

magnesium
lidocaine
amiodarone

Question 16

magnesium is used to treat what

Answer 16

given when cross clamp is removed to prevent atrial dysrhythmia

Question 17

lidocaine is used to treat what

Answer 17

sodium channel blocker that is given when cross-clamp is removed to prevent ventricular dysrhythmias

Question 18

amiodarone is used to treat what

Answer 18

potassium channel blockers used to treat ventricular arrhythmias and atrial fibrillation

extend the plateau phase of the action potential by blocking potassium channels

Question 19

optimal heart rate balances what

Answer 19

balances coronary blood flow with cardiac output

usually between 80-100 bpm

Question 20

stroke volume is determined by what

Answer 20

preload
afterload
myocardial contractility

Question 21

preload equals _ _ _

Answer 21

EDV

end diastolic volume

Question 22

what is preload?

Answer 22

pressure or stretch exerted on the walls of the ventricle by blood filling at end diastole

Question 23

what is afterload?

Answer 23

resistance to left ventricular contraction

Question 24

what does high after load increase?

Answer 24

increases myocardial workload and oxygen demand and decreases cardiac output

Question 25

what are some things that increase after load?

Answer 25

``` hypothermia AV stenosis history of hypertension increase in SVR vasoconstriction ```

Question 26

what are the catecholamines

Answer 26

NE, E, Dopamine,

Question 27

what do catecholamines do?

Answer 27

increase HR, BP, breathing rate, muscle mental alertness

Question 28

what drug is used in pregnancy as it does not reduce placental blood flow?

Answer 28

ephedrine