Memorize Steps/Order/List Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 16 Safety Initiatives
A
- Cultural Change
- Accountability
- Risk Management
- Unsafe Acts
- Training Certifications and Standards
- Medical and Fitness Standards
- Research Agenda
- Available Technology
- Fatalities, Near-Misses, and Injuries
- Grants and Safety
- Response Standards
- Response to Violent Incidents
- Emotional Support
- Public Education
- Residential Fire Sprinklers
- Safety and Equipment
2
Q
Change in Fire Service Occurs for 2 different reasons:
A
Desired and Obligatory
3
Q
4 main Causes of Change:
A
Economical
Sociological
Political
Technological
4
Q
You may resist change because of:
A
- No need for change
- Loss of Control
- Closed mind
- Not wanting to learn
- Connection to the old way and how people did it that way
- No role models for the new way
- Overwhelming To change
- Bad experience
5
Q
Waves every 10 years:
A
70’s- EMS 80’s- HAZMAT 90’s- Technical Rescue / Public Education 00’s - Terrorism / Safety Initiatives 10’s - Budget cuts / Active Shooters 20’s - ASHER / Safety Culture
6
Q
Emergency Responder Injuries can be caused by:
A
Mechanical Failure
Human Failure
Organizational Failure
7
Q
FAA researchers identified the presence of a safety culture when the following were in place:
A
Organizational Commitment Management Involvement Employee Empowerment Reward System Reporting System
8
Q
3 specific ways a safety culture counters hazards:
A
Prevention
Control measures
Action
9
Q
Tips for creating Change
A
- Take it for what it is
- Make it a line level effort
- Communicate Issues
- Make it Easy
- Break it down
- Bosses on Board
10
Q
Leaders instituted components of a safety culture is based on 3 specific changes:
A
No Fault Management
Supervisor responsibilities
Employee responsibilities
11
Q
Contributing Factors for LODD are:
A
- Lack of Command/Control
- Loss of Situational Awareness
- Personal Accountability
- Freelancing
- Risk management
12
Q
The ways to achieve personal accountability are:
A
- Making the decision to be accountable
- Become and active member of your department
- Speaking up
- Taking responsibility for the outcome of calls
- Taking responsibility for Safety
13
Q
Fire and emergency services have 3 specific components of an emergency that we deal with that dictate how much control we have over them:
A
- Uncontrollable components
- Semi-controllable components
- Controllable components
14
Q
Non complaint items out of NFPA 1500 can be assembled into 3 different categories
A
- No effort
- Some effort
- Long-term planning
15
Q
FEMA outlines 6 specific steps for addressing risk management
A
- Defining the context
- Identifying potential risk
- Assess and analyze
- Develop alternative plans
- Deciding and implementing
- Evaluate and monitoring
16
Q
4 general ways to manage risk
A
Acceptance
Avoidance
Transfer
Mitigation
17
Q
Individuals use 2 distinct decision making processes when faced with a dilemma in a stressful emergency situation
A
- Training based
2. Recognition primed
18
Q
4 sections of general staff
A
Planning
Operations
Logistics
Finance
19
Q
3 levels of function
A
Strategic
Task
Tactical
20
Q
5 specific areas of safety in regard to a command structure
A
- Safety Officer
- Scene accountability
- Emergency Traffic
- Rapid Intervention
- Responder Rehab
21
Q
4 of the most common current accountability systems
A
- Tag
- Passport
- Barcode scanning
- Span of control
22
Q
Emergency traffic should be reserved for situations that demand complete control of the communications system such as/
A
- Strategic changes
- Operational changes
- Critical incident information
23
Q
Mayday is the accepted signal for a firefighter who is in danger such as:
A
- SCBA failure
- Trapped or missing firefighter
- Injury or incapacitation of a firefighter
24
Q
As rapid intervention theories developed, 2 thoughts emerged regarding the assignment of RIC
A
- Rapid intervention should be a specially trained group that are assigned to RIC
- Crews should be rotated through RIC
25
A risk analysis proves to you all the reasons to go defensive
Nobody is home
Rapid intervention
Situational awareness
26
Specific decisions you make on the search team affect whether a trapped victim survives. Some important components include
1. Accountability
2. Building aspects
3. PPE
4. Methodology
5. Emergency procedures
27
Micah R. Endsley describes 3 distinct levels of situational awareness
1. Perception
2. Comprehension
3. Predict
28
To achieve the second level of situation awareness (Comprehension) you need:
Education
Training
Experience
29
Several reasons why radio transmission is so often missed include:
* Excitement •Background noises
| * Terminology •Multitasking
30
Effective communications:
| Communication is effective simply by its structure:
* Hail first
* Acknowledge and repeat
* sandwiched transmission
* short and to the point
* remain polite
31
Because most injuries to firefighters occur at the task level, they must be cognizant of
Safe searching
Safe tools
Situational awareness
32
Thomas J. McCoy used the model of a triangle to ensure that true empowerment can occur (McCoy model). Success relies on 3 equal components
Education
Enablement
Empowerment
33
Although the odds are that energy will eventually be transferred to emergency responders, there are 2 separate defenses we can employ to defer an injury or at least reduce its severity
Safety equipment
| Operational redundancies
34
When identifying unsafe acts, they can be categorized into 4 different types
* Visible
* Invisible
* Poor decisions
* Distraction events
35
The 4 E’s
Education
Engineering
Enforcement
Environment
36
Steps to make your problems known
Speak to your peers
| Speak to your supervisor
37
Companies trying to implement stop work authority (SWA) identified 2 major deterrents to its effectiveness
* Not wanting to argue with a supervisor
| * Peer pressure
38
There are 4 different components of human interaction that are applicable to fire and emergency services
* Policies and procedures
* Situational Awareness
* Communication
* Problem Solving
39
SOP’s and SOG’s influence the success of CRM by addressing ’
* Authority
* The use of checklists
* Training
40
2 significant aspects of situational awareness in CRM are
* Task saturation
| * Mistakes
41
Lessons in communication
* Terminology
* Over-communication
* Briefings
* Challenge Response
42
Problem solving can be completed based on 3 different methods
* Skills based
* Rules Based
* Knowledge Based
43
2 of the most promising ways to stop unsafe acts are
* Prevention methods
| * CRM
44
Unsafe acts can be stopped as they occur. Some strategies include
* Planning for the problem
* Requesting to complete a task
* Calling a timeout
45
The American Heart Association says you need 5 things to go right to have the best chance to survive cardiac arrest: (Chain of Survival)
1. Recognition of cardiac arrest and and activation of emergency response system
2. Immediate high-quality CPR
3. Rapid defibrillation
4. Effective basic and advanced life support
5. Advanced life support and post-arrest care
46
JPR usually consist of 3 parts:
1. A specific task
2. Equipment and other materials needed to complete a task
3. Assessment parameter used to ensure competency and consistency
47
Advantages of teaching to a common standard
Knowledge
Skills
Resources
48
Benjamin Bloom’s Taxonomy theory states that people learn through the following domains
* Cognitive (memorization)
* Psychomotor (physically doing)
* Affective (feelings and values)
49
Anderson and Krathwohl “modernized” Bloom’s theory and defined 6 specific levels of learning
1. Remembering
2. Understanding
3. Applying
4. Analyzing
5. Evaluating
6. Creating
50
Accreditation process consists of 3 components
1. Self study conducted by the entity seeking accreditation
2. On-site visit is conducted by representatives of the accrediting body
3. Report is made to the accrediting body, which grants the final accreditation
51
There are 2 major fire service accrediting bodies in the United States, each with its own rules
•IFSAC •National Board on Fire Service Professional Qualifications (NBFSPQ) / Pro Board
52
There are 2 assemblies within IFSAC
1. Certificate Assembly
| 2. Degree Assembly
53
Advantages of recertification include
* Ability to track who is currently active
* Ensuring that CE or in-service training is occurring
* Using demographically information for statistical planning
54
Presidential Directive 12: Homeland Security established a system of Personal Identification Verification (PIV). 4 components to the system ensure its security:
1. During application, an individual’s identity and credentials are verified through several means (original documents)
2. The system itself is resistant to tampering or counterfeiting
3. The credential can be quickly verified through interoperable electronic devices
4. Credentials are issued only by accrediting organizations
55
The 3 components that are responsible for your ability to use oxygen are:
A healthy pump to get oxygen and sugar to the cells
2. Adequately sized pipes to get the blood where it is needed
3. The ability to load and unload oxygen into and out of your blood
56
Your heart has several components to make it pump efficiently
```
Throttle (heart rate)
Transfer valve (volume or pressure)
Discharge pressure (blood pressure)
Auxiliary cooler (sweating)
```
57
The components of moving oxygen are:
The pump
The pipes
Loading and unloading oxygen (oxygen uptake)
58
Blood pressure is affected by:
* Size and number of discharged (Peripheral vascular resistance)
* Viscosity (elements of blood)
59
Tests capable of measuring oxygen uptake are
Queens collage step test
Spirometer
Metabolic Equivalent (MET)
60
The component of metabolism is
Oxygen
| Fuel
61
ATP is created from 4 specific body sources
Carbohydrates(sugar/starch/fiber)
Fat
Protein
Creating Phosphate
62
Carbohydrates can either be
Complex
| Simple
63
The body soles in 2 distinct modes
Aerobic
| Anaerobic
64
NFPA 1583 describes the necessary components of a health related fitness program. These include:
* Fitness coordinator
* Fitness assessment
* Exercise training program
* Education and counseling
* Data collection
65
5 components of a fitness evaluation
* Body composition
* Aerobic capacity
* Muscular strength
* Muscular endurance
* Flexibility
