Memorizables

Question 1

ABG ranges

O2, pH, PaCO2, HCO3, SaO2

Answer 1

O2 = 80 - 100
pH = 7.35 - 7.45
PaCO2 = 35 - 45
HCO3 = 22- 26
SaO2 = 95 - 100

Question 2

Best TX for Cardiogenic shock

Answer 2

Aspirin

Question 3

Which nodes are ST elevated in…

Anterior, Inferior, and Lateral wall MI?

Answer 3

Anterior = V1-V4
Inferior = V2, V3, and AVF
Lateral = V1, AVL, V5, V6

Question 4

VTach TX

Stable, Unstable, Pulse/Unstable, Pulseless

Answer 4

Amiodarone 150mg w/ K+ fluids
Amiodaron 300mg
Cardioversion
Defib

Question 5

HF initial Physio response ↑ (5)

FX of longer term (4)

Answer 5

↑ HR, Contractility, Vasoconstriction, Na + H2O retention

↑ afterload, cytokines, hypertrophy, ↓ HF

Question 6

Taket-Subo HF

Answer 6

Stress induced Dilated myopathy

Question 7

♥ Hypertrophy, care/ w/ these 2 types of meds

Answer 7

+Inotropes & Diuretics (will resule in collapse

Digoxin, Dobutamine, Milirinone

Question 8

STEMI vs NSTEMI. ↑↓ of ST depending on type?

Ischemia or Injury? Large Q wave =?

Answer 8

Stable ST elevation MI vs Non-stable (as in clot)
↑ Ischemia
↓ Injury
Large Q = large/evolved infarction (> 6 hrs)

Question 9

NSTEMI TX
Anti-ischemic (4)
Anti-platelet (3)
Anti-Coagulant

Answer 9

Nitro, Morphine, O2, B-Blocker
Aspirin, P2Y12, Glycoprotein
Heparin, LMWH, Bivalrudin, Fondaparinux

Question 10

Pulmonary Edema TX depending on…

Shock, Moderate, No Shock

Answer 10

< 70 SBP = Norepinephrine
70-100 SBP =- Dopamine
No shock = Dobutamine

Question 11

BMI Categories (4)

Answer 11

Underweight = <18.5
Normal weight = 18.5–24.9
Overweight = 25–29.9
Obesity = BMI of 30 or greater

Question 12

Acute Oliguric Kidney Injury FX on…

pH, BUN, Creatinine

Answer 12

Acidosis

↑. ↑

Question 13

TX Pancreatitis

Answer 13

Hydration

Question 14

Indicative S/S:
Unstable angina
Chronic stable angina
Acute MI
Dissectic Aortic Aneurysm
Variant/Prinzmetals Angina

Answer 14

New onset 15-30 minutes @ rest but relieves. Non–responsive to Nitro
Relieved w/ rest
Not relieved @ rest > 30 min
SEVERE & unrelenting. Doesn’t improve
Occurs @ rest (↑ risk w/ alochol, drugs, smoking)

Question 15

DX of...
L sided Cath
R sided Cath
Transthoracic ECHO
Transesophageal ECHO

Answer 15

Ejection Fraction
Lungs, Pulmonary HTN
Heart pressures (RA, RV, PA, PAOP)
Images of thoracic organs, not lungs

Question 16

Alcohol Withdrawal best med type

Answer 16

Benzo

Question 17

New Onset AFIB should start…

Answer 17

Heparin therapy, ↑ risk for atrial thrombus w/in 24 hrs

Question 18

Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Fidelity, Veracity

Answer 18

No harm, avoiding pain, faithful to request, telling truth

Question 19

Stroke head elevation & rate of lowering BP

Answer 19

↑ to decrease intracranial pressure

Slowly, 15-20% by first day

Question 20

AFIB best medication type

Answer 20

B-blockers (olols)

Question 21

Narcotic + Nitroglycerin FX on Heart

Answer 21

↓ preload

Question 22

Hyponatremia often associated with this Syndrome

Answer 22

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) which increases salt wasting

Question 23

Hypo vs Hyper Na indicative s/s, Range

Answer 23

↓ = HA, fatigue
↑ = restlessness, irritability
135 - 145

Question 24

Hypo vs Hyper Ca indicative s/s, Range (2)

Answer 24

↓ = Neuro ↑ Tingling, hyperreflexia
↑ = Neuro ↓ Lethargy, Ileus
4 - 5 ionized
8.5 - 10.5 total

Question 25

Hypo vs. Hyper K indicative s/s, Range

Answer 25

↓ = ↓ conductivity
↑ = ↑ conductivity
3.5 - 4.5

Question 26

Hypo vs. Hyper Mg indicative s/s, Range

Answer 26

↓ = agitation, confusion, convulsions
↑ = lethargy, HypoTN, fatigue

Question 27

Myopathies: Dilated, Hypertrophic, Restrictive, congenita;

Answer 27

Limited contractility r/in dilation
Enlarged muscle + rigidity r/in ↓ size
Fibrin tissue ↓ contractility
Structural defect

Question 28

Best med COPD

Answer 28

Short-acting beta-agonist

Question 29

Cardiogenic Shock 2 meds

Answer 29

Aspirin + Heparin IV (not LW)

Question 30

GI bleed TX (2)

Answer 30

Antacids-suppressants for ulcer

Pressors r/t Liver failure (portal HTN)

Question 31

EtoH & Pancreatits

Answer 31

↑ risk = hyperglycemia + hypokalemia

Question 32

Indicative S/S of...
Pulmonary Embolism
R sided HF
Endocarditis
Pulmonary HTN

Answer 32

dyspnea/anxiety, Ø crackles
JVD, edema, Ascites
NEW sudden systolic murmur
SLOW occurrence systolic murmur

Question 33

TX Pneumothorax (2)
High or Low tube?
Direction of Trachea?

Answer 33

Needle decompression, Prep for CT insertion
AIR = High
FLUID = Low
Away from affected side

Question 34

↑ Troponin is indicative of

Answer 34

MI 3-5 hrs of start

Question 35

Indicators…

STEMI, NSTEMI, Unstable Angina, DIC

Answer 35

↑ ST
↑ ST, ↑ Troponin (0 - 0.4)
Norm ECG, Norm Troponin
Pain NOT relieved by Nitro

Question 36

Delirium TX.

Answer 36

↓ noise, ↑ bedrest, ↑ visitation, ↑ rest

Question 37

Hyperkalemia FX on…

ST, PR, T waves

Answer 37

Depressed, Prolonged, Tall

Question 38

Common w/ Aortic Valve replacement (2)

Answer 38

Arrhythmia & HF

Question 39

Lepirudin (Refludan) function

Answer 39

for Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) w/ thromboembolism

Question 40

HIT treatment med early vs late

Answer 40

Lepirudin (Refludan) early

Warfarin (Coumadin) late

Question 41

5 Rights Delegaiton

Answer 41

Task, Circumstance, Person, Direction, Supervision

Question 42

6 Leadership diffrerences:

Autocratic, Consultative, Participatory, Bureaucratic, Democratic, Laissez-Faire

Answer 42

Auto - independent decisions
Consult - present info, welcome input
Partic - Present but make final
Bureu - present and advise
Demo - present, let team decide
Laissez - little control

Question 43

PT/INR ranges

Answer 43

11 -13

0.8 - 1

Question 44

OD S/S & TX:

Tylenol, EtOH, Cocaine, Aspirin

Answer 44

Liver failure > N-Acetylcysteine (NAC/Mucomyst)
Liver failure, ↓ resp, seizures > IV fluids
CRAZY > Benzos, vasodilate, cool, manage seizures
↑ temp, resp, ↓ platelets, sugar, > Sodium Bicarbonate