MEMORISE 2.0 Flashcards
Causes of a high SAAG above 1.1g
Cirrhosis
Heart failure
Budd Chiari syndrome
Constrictive pericarditis
Hepatic failure
Causes of a low SAAG below 1.1g
Cancer of the peritoneum
Tuberculosis and other infections
Pancreatitis
Nephrotic syndrome
modified duke criteria for IE
MAJOR-
2 positive blood culture 12 houirs apart
ECHO cardio involvement or new murmur
predisposing heart condition or intravenous drug use
microbiological evidence does not meet major criteria
fever > 38ºC
vascular phenomena: major emboli, splenomegaly, clubbing, splinter haemorrhages, Janeway lesions, petechiae or purpura
immunological phenomena: glomerulonephritis, Osler’s nodes, Roth spots
fentanyl can cause severe hypotension how do we manage this
metaraminol
hormonal management for breast cancer
pre menopause= tamoxifen
post menpause= anastrozaole
positive her2= trastuzumab
metabolic acidosis with raised anion gap?
KUSMAL:
K – Ketoacidosis
U – Uraemia (including CKD)
S – Salicylate poisoning
M – Methanol ingestion
A – Aldehydes
L – Lactic acidosis (including metformin use)
abdominal wound management
Abdominal wound dehiscence should initially be managed with coverage of the wound with saline impregnated gauze + IV broad-spectrum antibiotics
IV ceftiaone and mtronidazole
acute haemolytic tranfusion reaction caused by?
Acute haemolytic transfusion reactions are usually the result of RBC destruction by IgM-type antibodies
what increases inr in warfarin
p450 inhibiotrs
antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, erythromycin
isoniazid
cimetidine,omeprazole
amiodarone
allopurinol
imidazoles: ketoconazole, fluconazole
SSRIs: fluoxetine, sertraline
ritonavir
sodium valproate
acute alcohol intake
quinupristin
who do we offer ltot to
Offer LTOT to patients with a pO2 of < 7.3 kPa or to those with a pO2 of 7.3 - 8 kPa and one of the following:
secondary polycythaemia
peripheral oedema
pulmonary hypertension
patchy uptake on nuclear scan
toxic multinodular goitre management with radioiodine
