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MCM > Membranes and Transport > Flashcards

Membranes and Transport Flashcards

Structure, Composition (lipids, carbs, proteins), membrane proteins, membrane carbs, fluidity, transport (active and passive), transport mechanisms, defects in membrane transport

1
Q

role of membranes

A

protection, permeability, organization, transport, binding, adhesion, ec potential, recognition

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2
Q

macros in membranes

A

lipids, carbs, proteins

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3
Q

permeability level

A

selective

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4
Q

two parts of phospholipids

A

hydrophobic head and hydrophilic tail

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5
Q

most abundant lipid in membranes

A

phospholipids

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6
Q

two backbone types of phospholipids

A

glycerol-

sphingo-

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7
Q

most popular glycerophospholipids

A

phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol

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8
Q

most popular sphingolipid

A

sphingomyelin

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9
Q

what kind of phospholipid is a glycolipid?

Where is it found?

A

sphingolipid with carbohydrate attached

outer leaflet

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10
Q

where is cholesterol?

A

embedded in pl bilayer

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11
Q

whats colesterol made of?

A

steroid nucleus, OH, R group

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12
Q

Which leaflet is phosphatidylserine located?

A

inner leaflet

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13
Q

What is the relevance of phosphatidylserine on outer leaflet?

A

signal for apoptosis

cells are soon removed via phagocytes

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14
Q

Nieman Pick Disease

deficiency

A

Acid Sphingomyelinase

bd of SM

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15
Q

Nieman Pick Disease

Effect

A

Buildup of SM in liver, spleen, CNS, and bone marrow

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16
Q

Nieman Pick Disease

Sx

A

hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and neuro damage

Cherry red spot in eye

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17
Q

three types of membrane proteins

A 
integral (built in)
peripheral (hanging on)
lipid anchored (commitment issues)
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18
Q

glycocalyx

function

A

carbohydrate shell on cell membrane

protect, adhese, indentify

19
Q

importance of glycocalyx

A 
RBC types (A, B, O)
rem: antibody effects
20
Q

Rh factor

A

mothers who are Rh negative will not recognize and will attack Rh + (second offspring) leading to sa

21
Q

membranes are fluid T/F

A

T

22
Q

Factors of fuidity

A 
temp (up inc. down dec.)
lipid comp (sat. dec. unsat. inc.)
cholesterol (balances)
23
Q

spur cell anemia

A

too high cholesterol in RBC, causes lysis in splenic capillaries

24
Q

types of transport

A

passsive fac diff and simple

active ABC and primary

25
Q

permeability

A

non polar non permeable

polar permeable

26
Q

simple diff

A

small and non polar pass thru membrane freely

27
Q

fac diff

A

large and charged use facilitator to go down gradient (ion channels or transporters)

28
Q

Primary transport

A

uses ATP directly

29
Q

secondary transport

A

energy stored in gradient, coupled with primary active

30
Q

types of primary active

A 
P type atpase (phosphorylate asp residue)
ABC type (hydrolyse)
31
Q

examples of 2nd actv transport

A

SGLT ( 2 Na down and 1 glu up sym) and NCX (anti 3 Na down 1 Ca up)

32
Q

Picture eneterocyte glucose transport

A

SGLT GLUT 2
GLUT 5 NaK ATPase
good job

33
Q

Cystic fibrosis defic.

A

Cl transporter (CFTR - cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator)

34
Q

CF causes

A

build up of Cl- on inside of cell membrane

35
Q

CF effects

A

Cl- build up leads to Na+ build up… NaCl leads to water… leads to inc mucous thickness and dyspnea

36
Q

Cystinuria defic.

A

defective transporter for A. a. uptake

37
Q

Cystinuria causes

A

build of up cystine, arg, lys, and ornithine

38
Q

cystinuria effects

A

cystine stones in kidney

Sx renal cholic

39
Q

Hartnup Disease defic.

A

defective a a transporter ( non polar, neutral a a) in kidney and intestines

40
Q

hartnup disease causes

A

insuf. trp in body…

41
Q

hartnup diseases effects

A

FTT, cerebellar ataxia, photons., nystagmus

42
Q

Cardiotonic drugs (oubain)

A

contraction inducing

43
Q

cardiotonic drugs effect

A

inhibit NaKATPase on cardiac myocytes TF inc in [Na] TF slows NCX TF inc. [Ca] inc. contraction strength

44
Q

cardiotonic drugs uses

A

CHF and Afib

MCM (1 decks)

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