Membrane Notes

Question 0

Define glycoproteins function.

Answer 0

Combine with carbohydrates to make chemical receptors

Question 1

What are the six functions of the plasma membrane?

Answer 1

1. Hold cell together
2. Controls what enters & exits
3. Protects cell
4. Allow the cell to recognized & be recognized
5. Bind other cells & molecules
6. Sites biochemical reactions

Question 2

Define cholesterols function.

Answer 2

Affects membrane fluidity at different temperatures

Question 3

Define channel / carrier protiens.

Answer 3

Passive transport across the membrane

Question 4

Define protein pumps.

Answer 4

Hormone binding and recognition

Question 5

Define receptor proteins.

Answer 5

Active transport across the membrane

Question 6

Define enzymes.

Answer 6

Used in cell surface reactions

Question 7

Define adhesion proteins.

Answer 7

Binding cells together

Question 8

Define neurotransmitter receptors.

Answer 8

Communication between cells

Question 9

What part is hydrophilic and what part is hydrophobic?

Answer 9

Polar head // hydrophilic

Tail // hydrophobic

Question 10

Why are hydrophobic & hydrophilic properties of a bilayer able to maintain a membrane structure?

Answer 10

Because the are attracted to other positive charged molecules allowing the membrane to combine with other positive charges as in Hydro phobic properties are the tales repelling for positive charges which results in stopping ions to pass through the membrane

Question 11

Define selectively permeable.

Answer 11

It’s like a net movement (overall movement) in which particles are moving all the time

Question 12

Defined diffusion.

Answer 12

Passive net movement of particles from high and low concentration (when particles pass through without energy from high in the low concentration)

Question 13

Define osmosis.

Answer 13

Passive movement of molecules of water from areas of low to high solute concentration (when water passes through)

Question 14

Define solute.

Answer 14

Substance dissolved in water

Question 15

Define solvent.

Answer 15

Substance that dissolves a solute

Question 16

Define solution.

Answer 16

Combination of solute and solvent

Question 17

What are four ways to maximize the rate of diffusion?

Answer 17

Concentration gradient
Surface area
Length of diffusion path

Question 18

Define uniport.

Answer 18

One molecule passes through

Question 19

Define symport.

Answer 19

When to molecules pass through

Question 20

Define antiport.

Answer 20

When two molecules pass at the same time but in different directions

Question 21

Define macromolecule.

Answer 21

Multiple molecules (an example of this would be multiple proteins produced in the cell)

Question 22

Define vesicle.

Answer 22

A small sac filled with air or a fluid

Question 23

Define exocytosis.

Answer 23

Export of macro molecules from cell (send)

Question 24

Defined endocytosis.

Answer 24

Import of macromolecules (receive)

Question 25

What are the steps of the reformation during exocytosis and endocytosis?

Answer 25

1. Vesicle approaches plasma membrane
2. Membranes begin to fuse
3. Singo Phospho lipid bilayer a point of contact
4. Membrane poor opens allowing substance to pass

Question 26

What is the fluid Mosaic model?

Answer 26

It tells us the structure of the membrane is flexible and adaptable and in motion it is not solid or fragile like the skin of a balloon ( always moving not solid // collection of things stuck together // representation of real life)

Question 27

What is a integral proteins?

Answer 27

Enzymes sites for chemical reactions and pumps for active transport of molecules

Question 28

What are glycoproteins?

Answer 28

Combined with carbohydrates to make chemical receptors

Question 29

Define peripheral proteins.

Answer 29

Act as your receptors and recognize other cells

Question 30

Define cholesterol.

Answer 30

Effects membrane fluidity at different temperatures

Question 31

Define channel proteins.

Answer 31

Carrie molecules through the plasma membrane

Question 32

Define facilitated diffusion.

Answer 32

Passive movement of molecules across the membrane down the concentration gradient

Question 33

Define hypertonic.

Answer 33

Releases water

Question 34

Define hypotonic solution.

Answer 34

Intakes water to the point where it explodes

Question 35

Define Hydrolysis.

Answer 35

Bon releases one phosphate and a lot of energy

Question 36

What is active transport?

Answer 36

Uses energy from the hydrolysis of ATP to pump molecules against the concentration gradient

Question 37

What are three types of endocytosis

Answer 37

Phagocytosis is Pinocytosis receptor mediated endocytosis