Meiosis, Mitosis and Inheritance Flashcards
What is Mitosis?
Is the process of growth and repair through cell devision.
What is Meiosis?
The production of gametes (sex cells - egg and sperm)
What are Gametic cells?
sex cells - egg and sperm
What are Somatic cells
Non sex cells (every cell apart from a sex cell- skin, blood e.c.t.)
Why do half of you genetics come from mum and the other half from dad?
All four possible gametic cells only carry half of the full set of chromosomes.
What are dominant alleles?
If that allele is present it will always be expressed in the phenotype.
what are recessive alleles?
to be expressed in the phenotype you must have two copies of the allele.
what is homozygous?
Two of the same allele.
what is heterozygous?
2 different alleles.
what is pure breeding?
The offspring will be completely homozygous.
What is Genotypic ratio?
The ratio of different genotypes
What is Phenotypic ratio?
The ratio of different phenotypes
How does mutation lead to genetic variation?
Mutation can create completely new alleles.
How does meiosis lead to genetic variation?
Each allele segregates from each other in the formation of gametes. Half of the gametes contain one allele, and half of the gametes contain the other.
How does fertilisation lead to genetic variation?
Which sperm fuses with the egg is completely random.
