Meiosis & Genetics Flashcards
What is Meiosis?
A type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a cell and produces gametes
What is a Haploid?
A cell with n chromosomes
What is a Diploid?
A cell that contains 2n chromosomes
What is Interphase?
When two chromosomes replicate and chromatin condenses
What are Gametes?
Sex cells with half the number of chromosomes
What are traits?
Characteristics such as hair color, eye color, etc
What are Genes?
DNA segments that control the production of a protein
What are homologous chromosomes?
The chromosomes that make up a pair
What do chromosomes contain hundreds of?
Genes
What do gametes end up with different combinations of?
Chromosomes
Why is Meiosis important?
It provides variation
What happens during Prophase I?
Pairing of homologous chromosomes occurs
What happens during Telophase I?
Chromosomes reach the cell’s opposite poles
What is Anaphase I?
When Homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles of the cell
What is Metophase I?
When Chromosome centromeres attach to spindle fibers
What is Prophase II?
When a second set of phases begins as the spindle apparatus forms and the chromosomes condense
What is Metophase II?
When Chromosomes are positioned at the equator
What is Anaphase II?
When sister chromatids are pulled apart at the centromere by spindle fibers and move toward the opposite poles of the cell
What is Telophase II?
When the chromosomes reach the poles and the nuclear membrane and nuclei form.
