Meiosis and Genetics

Question 1

when does crossing over occur

Answer 1

prophase 1

Question 2

what does meiosis produce

Answer 2

gamates

Question 3

how many chromosomes are in a human gamate

Answer 3

23

Question 4

When do cells replicate their data

Answer 4

S phase

Question 5

What is DNA

Answer 5

The genetic code of organisms

Question 6

How many genes does each chromosome have

Answer 6

1500

Question 7

What are homologous chromosomes

Answer 7

Set of chromosomes (one from each parent), that are very similar to one another and have the same size/shape

Question 8

what happens in interphase 1

Answer 8

a cell carries out a variety of metabolic functions

Question 9

what are haploid cells (n)

Answer 9

describes a cell that contains a single set of chromomes

Question 10

What are the stages of meiosis

Answer 10

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase

Question 11

what is genetic variation

Answer 11

Genetic variation is the difference in DNA among individuals

Question 12

What is a mutation

Answer 12

A change in the DNA sequence

Question 13

what is meiosis

Answer 13

special type of cell division of germ cells in sexually-reproducing organisms used to produce the gametes, such as sperm or egg cells.

Question 14

Sister chromatids

Answer 14

Two halves of a duplicated chromosome

Question 15

Diploid (2n)

Answer 15

Cell that contains two sets of homologous chromosomes

Question 16

meiosis l

Answer 16

Meiosis I is the first round of cell division, in which the goal is to separate homologous pairs.

Question 17

meiosis ll

Answer 17

The second round of cell division is meiosis II, in which the goal is to separate sister chromatids.

Question 18

How many cell divisions occur during meiosis?

Answer 18

two

Question 19

Anaphase l

Answer 19

homologues separate to opposite ends of the cell

Question 20

Interphase

Answer 20

First stage of the cell cycle: the cell grows

Question 21

Metaphase

Answer 21

Second stage of the cell cycle; proteins connect to chromatids

Question 22

Telophase

Answer 22

Last stage of mitosis; two new nuclear membranes begin to form

Question 23

Chromatin

Answer 23

It is the complex combination of DNA and proteins that makes up chromosomes.

Question 24

What does a punnett square do

Answer 24

It helps you predict the genotype and phenotype of your offspring

Question 25

Cytokinesis

Answer 25

Divides the cell into 2 daughter cells and there are 4 chromosomes

Question 26

How many Daughter cells do you end up with at the end of Meiosis 2?

Answer 26

4 daughter cells

Question 27

When do chromosomes line up in a single file?

Answer 27

metaphase 2

Question 28

When does DNA replication take place?

Answer 28

interphase

Question 29

How many cell division are there in Meiosis?

Answer 29

two

Question 30

What is a gene

Answer 30

A sequence of DNA that codes for a specific trait

Question 31

What happens during crossing over

Answer 31

It’s the process that happens between homologous chromosomes in order to increase genetic activity

Question 32

What does DNA stand for

Answer 32

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 33

What does RNA stand for

Answer 33

Ribonucleic acid

Question 34

What are the base pairs

Answer 34

A pair of complementary bases in a double stranded nucleus acid molecule

Question 35

What are the base pairs

Answer 35

A - apple T-Tree C-car G-garage

Question 36

heteryzogous

Answer 36

having two different alleles of a particular gene or genes. One dominante allele and recessive allele. Aa

Question 37

homozygous

Answer 37

having two identical alleles of a particular gene or genes. AA or aa

Question 38

homozygous dominant

Answer 38

when both alleles are dominant. Ex: AA

Question 39

Law of segregation

Answer 39

a diploid organism passes a randomly selected allele for a trait to its offspring, such that the offspring receives one allele from each parent.

Question 40

the law of independent assortment

Answer 40

states that the alleles of two different genes get sorted into gametes independently of one another.

Question 41

gregor mendel

Answer 41

was an Austrian scientist, teacher, and Augustinian prelate who lived in the 1800s. He experimented on garden pea hybrids while living at a monastery and is known as the father of modern genetics.

Question 42

What are the bases of DNA

Answer 42

Adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine

Question 43

what are the bases of RNA

Answer 43

adenine, cytosine, uracil, and guanine

Question 44

What bases are purine

Answer 44

guanine and adenine

Question 45

what bases are pyrimidines

Answer 45

Cytosine and thymine