Meiosis

Question 1

Meiosis involves two __________ __________

Answer 1

Cellular divisions

Question 2

Where does meiosis take place?

Answer 2

In the ovaries in women and the testes in men

Question 3

What is the purpose of meiosis?

Answer 3

To make gametes for sexual reproduction

Question 4

Here’s a dumb question; how many parts are there to meiosis?

Answer 4

TWO (if you got it wrong you need to review my friend)

Question 5

Look at the first letters in each word to help you name the steps of the first part of meiosis: Please mother, another two

Answer 5

Prophase 1, metaphase 1, anaphase 1, telophase 1

Question 6

What is Meiosis?

Answer 6

Meiosis is a process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes in new cells to half the number in the original cell.

Question 7

Homologous pairs of chromosomes ‘pair up’ before meiosis begins, an event that does not occur in mitosis. What is this event is called?

Answer 7

synapsis

Question 8

At the start of meiosis 1 each chromosome consists of __________strands of sister chromatids connected at the __________

Answer 8

Two, Centromere

Question 9

What is another name for meiosis 1?

Answer 9

REDUCTION DIVISION

Question 10

What happens in Metaphase 1?

Answer 10

• Homologous pairs (tetrads) are still paired together and arrange in the middle of the cell
• The orientation of these tetrads is random

Question 11

What happens in prophase 1?

Answer 11

• Chromosomes become thick and visible. The chromosomes of each homologous pair are tangled together
• The nucleoli and the nuclear envelope disappear and the spindle fibers form
• Portions of chromatids may break off and attach to adjacent chromatids on the homologous chromosome - a process called crossing-over
• Crossing-over results in genetic recombination by producing a new mixture of genetic material
• Each homologous pair consists of four chromatids, because each chromosome in the pair had replicated before meiosis began

Question 12

What is a tetrad?

Answer 12

A pair of homologous chromosomes

Question 13

What happens in Telophase 1?

Answer 13

• Chromosomal activity stops and cytokinesis begins

Question 14

The random separation of the homologous chromosomes (tetrads) is called ______________ ______________

Answer 14

INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT

Question 15

What happens in Anaphase 1?

Answer 15

• The homologous pairs of chromosomes separate from each other as spindle fibers pull one member from each pair to opposite ends of the cell

Question 16

What happens in prophase 2?

Answer 16

• Double stranded chromosomes condense and become visible

Question 17

What is Meiosis 2?

Answer 17

• Occurs in each cell formed in Meiosis 1
• Resembles mitosis EXCEPT the cells start out as haploid (n)
• THE DNA IS NOT COPIED.

Question 18

Each new cell is ________, containing one chromosome from each pair.

Answer 18

haploid

Question 19

What happens in telophase 2?

Answer 19

• Haploid cells with single stranded chromosomes are a result at the end of telophase 2

Question 20

What happens in anaphase 2?

Answer 20

• The centromeres divide and the single stranded chromosomes move away from each other toward opposite poles

Question 21

The point at which crossing over happens is called the ___________

Answer 21

Chiasmata (not chisume)

Question 22

What happens in metaphase 2?

Answer 22

• Double stranded chromosomes in each haploid cell move to the center of the cell