Meiosis Flashcards
What is meiosis?
Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four genetically diverse gametes.
True or False: Meiosis occurs in somatic cells.
False
What are gametes?
Gametes are reproductive cells (sperm and eggs) that carry half the genetic information of an organism.
Fill in the blank: Meiosis consists of _____ main stages.
two
What are the two main stages of meiosis?
Meiosis I and Meiosis II
During which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?
Prophase I
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a result of meiosis? A) Identical cells, B) Genetic diversity, C) Diploid cells
B) Genetic diversity
What is the significance of crossing over?
Crossing over increases genetic variation by exchanging genetic material between homologous chromosomes.
True or False: Meiosis results in two diploid daughter cells.
False
What is the outcome of meiosis in terms of chromosome number?
Meiosis results in four haploid cells, each with half the original chromosome number.
Fill in the blank: In Meiosis II, the sister chromatids are separated during _____ phase.
Anaphase II
What is the role of spindle fibers during meiosis?
Spindle fibers help separate chromosomes and chromatids during cell division.
Multiple Choice: Which phase immediately follows Metaphase I? A) Anaphase I, B) Telophase I, C) Prophase II
A) Anaphase I
What is independent assortment?
Independent assortment is the random distribution of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, contributing to genetic variation.
True or False: Meiosis occurs in both males and females.
True
What is the difference between meiosis and mitosis?
Meiosis produces four genetically diverse haploid cells, while mitosis produces two identical diploid cells.
Fill in the blank: The first meiotic division is also known as _____ division.
reduction
During which meiotic phase are homologous chromosomes aligned at the equatorial plate?
Metaphase I
Multiple Choice: How many chromosomes are present in a human gamete? A) 23, B) 46, C) 22
A) 23
What occurs during Telophase I?
The cell divides into two daughter cells, and the nuclear membrane may reform around the chromosomes.
True or False: Genetic diversity is essential for evolution.
True
What is synapsis?
Synapsis is the pairing of homologous chromosomes during Prophase I of meiosis.
Fill in the blank: The final product of meiosis is _____ cells.
four haploid
What happens during Anaphase I?
Homologous chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.
