Meiosis Flashcards
Linked Genes
Different genes on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together. This results in gametes produced having the same combination of alleles as the parent cell.
Unlinked Genes
Genes that are found on different chromosomes.
Independent Assortment
The process by which chromosomes line up along the cell equator in a random order.
Segregation
The process by which pairs of alleles are separated when the homologous chromosomes split and move to opposite ends of the cell. Results in only having one allele from each pair.
Fertilisation
The process by which a make and female gamete fuse together to form a diploid zygote.
Genetic variation
The naturally occurring differences between the DNA of individuals of the same species.
Alleles
Different versions of a gene.
Gene
A section of DNA that codes for a particular trait.
Homologous chromosomes
Structures that hold DNA, are the same size and shape and possess the same genes at the same locations.
Genotype
The alleles an individual possesses, or its genetic material.
Phenotype
The outward expression of an individuals phenotype.
Heredity
The passing on of particular traits from an individual to its offspring.
Gene pool
The total amount of different alleles present in a population
Allele Frequency
The number of times a particular allele occurs in a population.
Gametic Mutation
Mutations which occur in an individuals gametes.
