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Meiosis > Meiosis > Flashcards

Meiosis Flashcards

1
Q

The form of cell division by which gametes,with half the number of chromosomes are produced

A

Meiosis

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2
Q

2n and n

A

Diploid and haploid

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3
Q

Is a sexual reproduction

A

Meiosis

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4
Q

Two division of meiosis

A

Meiosis l & Meiosis ll

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5
Q

The fusion of a sperm&egg to form a zygote

A

Fertilization

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6
Q

Is a fertilized egg

A

Zygote

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7
Q

Divide to produce gametes

A

Sex cells

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8
Q

Have half of # of chromosomes

A

Gametes

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9
Q

Occurs only in gonads

A

Meiosis

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10
Q

Spermatogenesis

A

Male

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11
Q

Oogenesis

A

Female

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12
Q

Chromosome replicate (S phase)

A

Interphase l

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13
Q

Each duplicated chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids attached at their centromeres

A

Interphase l

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14
Q

Nucleus and nucleolus visible

A

Interphase l

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15
Q

Cell division that reduces the chromosomes no. by one half

A

Meiosis l

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16
Q

Longest and most complex phase

A

Prophase l (synapsis)

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17
Q

Chromosome condense

A

Prophase l

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18
Q

Homologous chromosomes come together to form a tetrad

A

Synapsis

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19
Q

Is two chromosomes or four chromatids

A

Tetrad

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20
Q

Pairs of chromosomes that are similar same and size

A

Homologous chromosomes

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21
Q

Carry genes controlling the same inherited traits

A

Homologous pairs

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22
Q

position of a genes

A

Locus

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23
Q

Method of organizing the chromosomes of a cell in relation to number,size and type

A

Karyotype

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24
Q

Are sets 1-22

A

Autosomes

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25
Q

Code for the sex of the offspring

A

Sex chromosomes

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26
Q

Segment of nonsister chromatids break and reattach to the other chromatids

A

Crossing over

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27
Q

Are the sites of a crossing over

A

Chiasmata (chiasma)

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28
Q

Shortest phase

A

Metaphase l

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29
Q

Tetrads align on the metaphase plate

A

Metaphase l

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30
Q

Homologous chromosomes separate and move towards the poles

A

Anaphase l

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31
Q

Sister chromatids remain attached at their centromeres

A

Anaphase l

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32
Q

Each pole now has haploid set of chromosomes

A

Telophase l

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33
Q

No interphase (no more DNA replication)

A

Meiosis ll

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34
Q

Sister chromatids separate

A

Anaphase ll

35
Q

Nuclei form

A

Telophase ll

36
Q

Cytokinesis occurs

A

Telophase ll

37
Q

Four haploid daughter cells produced

A

Telophase ll

38
Q

Important to population as the raw material for natural selection

A

Variation

39
Q

3 sexual sources if genetic variation

A

*crossing over (prophase l)
*Independent assortment (metaphase l)
*Random fertilization

40
Q

2 types of eukaryotic cells

A

*somatic cells
*sex cells

41
Q

Cells that make your organs and tissues

A

Somatic cells

42
Q

The only cells that are not simatic

A

Sex cells

43
Q

Division of the cell nucleus

A

Mitosis

44
Q

Division of the cell cytoplasm

A

Cytokinesis

45
Q

Is the series of events that cell go through as they grow and divide

A

Cell cycle

46
Q

Is the period of growth that occurs between cell division

A

Interphase

47
Q

Cell spends most of its life in this phase

A

Interphase

48
Q

During the cell cycle

A

*A cell growth
*prepares for division
*divides to form two daughter cells, each of which begins the cycle again

49
Q

4 phases of cell cycle

A

*G1 (first gap phase)
*S phase
*G2 (second gap phase)
*M phase

50
Q

Increase in size (cell growth)

A

G1

51
Q

Synthesis new proteins and organelles (cell develops)

A

G1

52
Q

Chromosome are replicated

A

S phase

53
Q

DNA synthesis takes place

A

S phases

54
Q

Organelles and molecules required for cell division are produced

A

G2 phase

55
Q

Once g2 is complete, the cell is ready to start

A

M phase-mitosis

56
Q

Why does interphase happen?

A

Cell must grow in order for extra organelles and DNA to have a room in the cell

57
Q

Long,thin strands made up of dna

A

Chromatin

58
Q

Genetic information is pasted from one generation

A

Chromosomes

59
Q

Condensed chromatin

A

Chromosomes

60
Q

Made of dna molecule

A

Chromosomes

61
Q

Consists of two identical sister chromatids

A

Chromosomes

62
Q

Each pair of chromatids is attached at an area

A

Centromere

63
Q

Cell division

A

Mitosis

64
Q

Occurs in body cells

A

Somatic cells

65
Q

Centrioles separate and move to opposite poles

A

Prophase

66
Q

Spindle fibers appear

A

Prophase

67
Q

Nucleolus and nuclear membrane (envelope) disappear

A

Prophase

68
Q

Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers in center of the cell

A

Metaphase

69
Q

Centromeres split apart and chromatids separate from one another

A

Anaphase

70
Q

Chromosomes reach opposite poles of cell

A

Telophase

71
Q

Chromatids unwind back into chromatin

A

Telophase

72
Q

Nuclear envelope and nucleolus reappear reforming the nucleus

A

Telophase

73
Q

Spindle fibers disappear

A

Telophase

74
Q

New double membrane

A

Cell membrane

75
Q

Form between 2 nuclei

A

Cell pinches

76
Q

Animal cell

A

Cleavage

77
Q

Plant cell

A

Cell plate

78
Q

Cytoplasm pinches in half

A

Cytokinesis

79
Q

Glue for chromosomes

A

Centromere

80
Q

Each daughter cells has an identical set of duplicate chromosomes

A

Cytokinesis

81
Q

G1 checkpoint

A

*Nutrients
*Growth factors
*DNA damage

82
Q

G2 checkpoint

A

*cell size
*DNA replication

83
Q

Metaphase checkpoint

A

Chromosomes spindle attached

Meiosis (2 decks)

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