Meiosis Flashcards
Gametes are
sex cells
Which cells produce gametes
Germ cells
Male gamete production is called
spermatogenesis
Female gamete production is called
oogenesis
meiosis is the process by which
one diploid cell produces four haploid cells
Diploid =
a cell containing two sets of chromosomes
Haploid =
a cell containing a single set of chromosomes
In Prophase I
Chromosomes become visible and the nucleolus disappears, meiotic spindles form
In Metaphase I
Pairs of chromosomes arrange themselves on the metaphase plate and meiotic spindles attach
In Anaphase I
homologous chromosomes are pulled towards opposite poles of the cell
In Telophase I
Chromosomes become enclosed in the nuclei and cytoplasm is divided between the 2 sister cells during cytokenisis
in Prophase II
nuclear envelope breaks down and spindle apparatus form
In prophase II there is no
further duplication of chromosomes
in Metaphase II
chromosomes line up individually at the cell equator
In Anaphase II
Sister chromatids seperate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
In Telophase II
the nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes and cytokinesis occurs
Unlike mitosis, the daughter cells formed during meiosis are
not identical
What occurs during meiosis
reshuffling or recombination of genetic material
Crossing over is the
swapping of genetic material
swapping of genetic material occurs in which part of meiosis?
The first
The point of cross over is referred to as
chiasma
What is the point of recombination?
To produce new variants of genetic material within chromosomes
What does meiosis create in organisms?
Genetic diversity
what is the formula for independent assortment?
2^n, where n = half of the total assortments
