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Hematology 2 > Megakaryopoiesis and Platelet > Flashcards

Megakaryopoiesis and Platelet Flashcards

1
Q

_______________ may be defined as a method for controlling infection in which all blood and certain body fluids are treated as if infected with hepatitis B, human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or other
disease-producing blood-borne pathogens.

A

Universal Standard Precautions

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2
Q

Primary reason for universal/standard precautions

A

all patients infected with blood-borne
pathogens cannot be readily identified.

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3
Q

__________________ exposure to blood and other body fluids must be prevented.

A

Skin and Mucous membranes

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4
Q

___________ must be worn when there is any possibility of coming in contact with blood or other body fluids.

A

Gloves

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5
Q

prior to removal and disposal of soiled gloves, in which type of waste container/bin it must be disposed of?

A

biohazardous waste bin

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6
Q

T or F: if the gloves has been worn at least once it can still be reused

A

False. Gloves must never be reused

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7
Q

Which of the following must be worn if there is a possibility of droplets or spattering of the blood or body fluid?

A

Masks and protective eyewear (Safety goggles)

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8
Q

Which protective equipment used in the work area acts as an alternative when working with splattering lab work?

A

plexiglass shields

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9
Q

T or F: Gowns or laboratory coats should be worn when working with blood or body fluids.

A

True

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10
Q

Which type of biohazard container should needles and other sharp equipment should be placed?

A

red colored puncture-resistant biohazard container labeled with “sharps”

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11
Q

All laboratory work benches must be decontaminated
with which appropriate germicide?

A

1:10 or 10% Hypochlorite solution

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12
Q

Decontamination is done ___________

A

Regularly; once per shift

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13
Q

Functions of Platelets?

A
  • participates in hemostasis (primary and secondary)
  • Maintenance of capillary integrity
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14
Q

What is the normal range of platelet count?

A

150,000-450,000/ mm3 or 150-450 x10^3/mm3

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15
Q

the largest hematopoietic stem cell in the bone marrow.

A

Megakaryocyte

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16
Q

a process whereby the nuclear material reduplicates but the nucleus does not divide.

A

Endoreduplication (Endomitosis)

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17
Q

Platelets arise from unique bone marrow cells also known as?

A

Megakaryocytes

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18
Q

Which cluster of differentiation marker arise from 3 progenitor cells?

A

CD34

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19
Q

Enumerate the 3 progenitor cells of Megakaryocytes

A
  • Burst forming unit (BFU-Meg)
  • Colony forming Unit (CFU-Meg)
  • Light Density- CFU (LD-CFU-Meg)
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21
Q

Megakaryocytic stages perform the process of Endomitosis (Cell division without telophase) is also known as?

A

Terminal differentiation

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21
Q

Which cluster of differentiation marker arise from 3 lineage committed megakaryocytic cells?

22
Q

Further classified as granular and mature

A

Megakaryocyte (MK-III)

23
Q

Megakaryoblast characteristics

A
  • 20-50um
  • cytoplasm: non granular, Blue, darker than myeloblast, with small, blunt pseudopods,
  • Nucleus: Round, oval, multiple Nucleoli
  • N/C Ratio: 10:1
24
Q

Promegakaryocyte characteristics

A
  • 20-60um
  • Cytoplasm: More abundant, less basophilic, granules begin to form
  • Nucleus: Multiple nucleoli are visible. irregular in shape. may show lobulation.
  • N:C Ratio: 4:1 to 7:1
25
Granular Megakaryocyte Characteristics
- 30-90 um - Cytoplasm: Abundant, Pinkish-Blue in color. Very fine and diffusely granular. - Nucleus: Multiple nuclei or may show multi-lobulation, Chromatin is coarser. No nucleoli are visible. - N:C ratio: 2:1 to 1:1
26
Mature Megakaryocyte Characteristics
- 40-120 um - the Largest cell in the bone marrow - Cytoplasm: Contains Coarse clumps of granules aggregating into little bundles, which bud off from the periphery to become platelets. - Nucleus: Multilobulated. No nucleoli visible. - N:C Ratio less than 1:1
27
Platelet Characteristics
- 2-4 um, Cytoplasmic fragments of megakaryocyte. - No nucleus - Cytoplasm: very granular, Light blue to purple
28
Platelets survive within
7-10 days
29
2/3- _________ 1/3 - ________
- Circulating pool - Splenic pool
30
Anatomical Parts of platelets
- Peripheral zone - Sol Gel zone - Organelle zone - Membranous zone
31
Give the normal values: Normal Range: Normal function: Hemorrhage:
150,000-450,000/ uL >100,000/uL <10,000/uL
32
platelets participate in hemostasis by providing negative charged phospholipid surface for the activation of which coagulation factor/s?
Factor V and Factor II
33
What are the surface glycoproteins found in the Peripheral zone?
- major GP - GP Ib - GP Ib/IIIa
34
3 mechanisms of coagulation/clotting
- platelet adhesion - platelet activation - platelet aggregation
35
attachment of platelet to blood vessel surface)
adhesion
36
attachment of Platelets to each other.
aggregation
37
Parts of the Peripheral zone
- Glycocalyx - Plasma membrane (lipid bilayer) - Submembranous membrane
38
Fill in the blanks ____________ responsible for Primary Hemostasis ____________ receptor for vWf. Responsible for Platelet Adhesion ____________ Receptor for Fibrinogen. Responsible for Platelet Aggregation
- major GP - GP Ib - GP Ib/IIIa
39
Components for Sol Gel zone
Microfilaments & Microtubules
40
Microfilaments are composed of? Microtubules are composed of?
Actin & myosin protein tubulin
41
Components for the Organelle zone
- Mitochondria - Alpha granules - Delta granules
42
alpha granules contains?
- Platelet factor 4 - B thromboglobulin - Fibrinogen - Fibronectin - Platelet derived growth factor - von willebrand factor - factor V
43
Delta granules (Dense bodies) contains?
- ATP - ADP - Serotonin - Ca2+ - Mg2+
44
Components of the membranous system
- Dense tubular system - Surface connecting system (Open Canalicular system)
45
Endoplasmic Reticulum that sequesters __________ for platelet activation
calcium
46
invaginations of the plasma membrane for release of __________ during platelet activation process.
granule content
47
cofactor in fibrin formation
Factor V and Factor VIII
48
Promotes platelet adhesion
von Willebrand factor
49
Fibrin formation
Fibrinogen
50
Primary and Secondary messenger regulates platelet activation/ aggregation
Calcium
51
enumerate the 3 lineage committed megakaryocytic cells?
- MK-I or Megakaryoblast - MK-II or Promegakaryocyte - MK-III or Megakaryocyte

Hematology 2 (1 decks)

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