MedU Clipp Cases 3 and 4 Flashcards
1
Q
What is “the itch that rashes”?
A
- Eczema
- Cycle of irritation leading to Scratching
- Leading to the Rash
2
Q
What is the Tx for Eczema?
A
- Rx Topical Hydrocortisone (NOT over the counter shit)
- Topical Anti-inflammatories (calcineurin inhibitors)
- Antihistamines
- Non-sedating
- Loratidine (Claritin)
- Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
- Traditional Anti-histamines
- Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- Hydroxyzine (Atarax or Vistaril)
- Non-sedating
3
Q
Two methods for assesing Strabismus?
A
- The Hirschberg Light Reflex
- The Cover/Uncover Test
4
Q
3 y.o. Milestones?
A
- Gross Motor
- Hops, Ride a Trycycle
- Fine Motor
- Holds a pencil and Crayon, copies a circle
- Cognitive
- Draws a person 3 parts
- Language
- 75% intelligivle to stranger
5
Q
Important Causes of Injury in Toddlers?
A
- Car Accidents
- Swimming Pools
- Falls
- Firearms
- Poisonings
- Fires
6
Q
What do we say when their is a Gun in the Home?
A
- Preferably, remove the gun from the home
- Put a Safety Lock on the Gun
- Keep the Gun in a Locked Cabinet
- Keep the Ammunition separate and Locked
7
Q
Anemia screening in kids?
A
- Anemia screening done at 12 months and again preschool or kindergarten
8
Q
Risk Factors for Lead Poisoning?
A
- Young Age
- Exploring the environment by mouthing objects
- At-risk housing - lead containing paint
- Born outside United States
9
Q
Methods for Improving Toddler Eating Habits?
A
- Stop the Bottle Now!
- Limit the Child’s eating to 3 meals and 2 snacks
- Stopping the Food and Drink Grazing
- No Bargaining or cajoling
- Gradually change his diet content
10
Q
A normal 4 y.o. should be able to?
A
- Hop on 1 Foot
- Copy a Cross
- Pour / Cut / Mash their own Food
- Brush Teeth
11
Q
What are the (6 Core Symptoms of ADHD?
A
- Inattention
- Hyperactivity
- Impulsivity
- Motor Impairment
- Emotional Liability
- 6 of the Symptoms are Present in 2 or more Settings
12
Q
Important Causes of School Failure?
A
- Sensory Impairment
- Sleep Disorder
- Mood Disorder
- Learning Disability
- Conduct Disorder
13
Q
“Red Flags” for Risk of Learning Disability?
A
- History of Maternal illness
- Substance Abuse during pregnancy
- Copmlications at the time of Delivery
- History of Meningitis or other Serious Illness
- Head Trauma
- Parental History of Learning Disabilities or Difficulty at School
14
Q
(4) Adverse Effects of ADHD Medications?
A
- Appetitie Suppression (most common)
- Tic Disorders ( < 1% , rare )
- Insomnia (common)
- Decrease in Growth Velocity
15
Q
(5) Risk Factors for Child Obesity?
A
- High Birth Weight
- Maternal Diabetes
- Obese Parent
- Low Socioeconomic Status
- Genetic Syndromes
- Prader-Willi
- Bardet-Biedl
- Cohen Syndrome
16
Q
(6) Complications of Diabetes?
A
- Sleep Apnea
- at least 15 seconds
- Dyslipidemia
- Hypertriglyceridemia and Low HDL Cholesterol
- Hypertension
- Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
- Steatohepatitis
- Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
17
Q
(4) Criteria for Diabetes Diagnostic Criteria?
A
- HbA1c > 6.5%
- Fasting plasma Glucose > 126 mg/dL
- 2-hour plasma Glucose > 200 mg/dL during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test following a Glucose Load of 75 g Glucose
- Patient with Hyperglycemia, random Glucose > 200mg/dL
18
Q
(3) Causes of Elevated BP Measurements
in the Doctor’s Office?
A
- “White Coat” Hypertension
- Positioning of the Body
- Seated, Relaxed, Arm held at the Lvl of Heart
- Painful Stimuli
- BP cuff too Large –> falsly Low BP reading
- BP cuff too Small –> falsly High BP reading
19
Q
(5) Risk Factors for Secondary HTN in Children?
A
- Ubilical Arterial or Venous Access in Perinatal period
- -> Renal Vascular Disease
- Urinary Tract Infection
- Catecholamine Excess
- e.g. Pheochromocytoma, Neuroblastoma
- Family History of Renal Disease
- Coarctation of the Aorta
