MEDSURG 1 Flashcards
1
Q
What medication turns urine orange?
A
Pyridium
2
Q
The nurse correlates which clinical manifestation to the patho of a gastric ulcer?
A
Acute epigastric pain after eating
3
Q
What can a nurse never delegate to assistive personal?
A
Assessments
4
Q
Blood tinged rust colored sputum, weight lost, cough, unexplained weight lost is all signs of?
A
Tuberculosis
5
Q
What disease shows a ground glass opacity on a Xray
A
Tuberculosis
6
Q
What is the rescue med for asthma?
A
Albuterol (short acting Beta 2)
7
Q
Which rhythm has no P wave
A
A FIB
8
Q
Digoxin toxicity on a EKG portrays what?
A
U waves
9
Q
Signs of a DVT include
A
Redness, swelling, pain in calves and behind knee. Paleness is not a sign of a DVT
10
Q
Lab test to test for CHF
A
BNP
11
Q
Lab test to check for MI
A
Troponin
12
Q
SOB and crackles in lungs is a sign of what?
A
CHF
13
Q
A low molecular weight heparin to prevent DVTs
A
Lovenox
14
Q
Never aspirate this injection
A
SubQ injections (leave air bubble)
15
Q
Lab value for Coumadin therapeutic range
A
INR 2-3
16
Q
Antidote for Coumadin aka warfarin
A
Vitamin K
17
Q
When to transfuse blood
A
Hemoglobin less than 8
18
Q
Who is at risk for Hep C
A
Getting tattoos overseas
19
Q
Vit K helps what?
A
Clot formation
20
Q
Vit C helps what?
A
Wound Healing
21
Q
Medication used to treat TB
A
Rifpirofan
22
Q
Why do we need to give Lasix slow?
A
Can cause Tinnitus (push 10mg/min)
23
Q
Which lab value is decreased in renal failure?
A
Calcium
24
Q
Treat high Potassium by
A
Diuretics (ex. Lasix & HCTZ)
25
Treat low Potassium by
Kdur and IV Potassium, monitor for burning. Never push K.
26
Normal Potassium levels
3.5-5
27
Normal sodium levels
135 to 145
28
What lowers sodium?
Dehydration (fluid loss, vomiting, sweat, burns)
29
What can a nurse NOT delegate?
Ask Dr. for orders. Teach pt. Document wounds.
30
Signs of IV infiltration
Edema, coolness under skin, no blood return from IV, purulent drainage is INFECTION
31
Higher BP by?
IV fluids
32
COPD normal O2 saturation
88-94/95
33
How to help COPD pt with 02 levels
Sit them up, small frequent meals, short burst of convo/ short sentences
34
Precautions for TB
airborne precautions & negative pressure room
35
Rescue med for Asthma
Albuterol (short acting)
36
Appearance of pt in Asthma attack
Scared, anxious, restless.
Breath sounds: Wheezing
37
Life threatening rhythm
Vtach
38
AFIB
No P wave
39
Diagnostic test when Pt presents with chest pain
EKG
40
Blood transfusion monitoring protocol
Stay with Pt for first 15 mins
41
Meds for Acid reflux
PPI like protonix. H2 receptor blockers like Nexium
42
Duodenal Ulcers
Pain 1.5-2 hours after eating
43
Gastric Ulcers
Pain relief after eating
44
Gastric Ulcers
Pain relief after eating
45
GI Bleed check for
Dark tarry stools. Heart rate. BP (orthostatic if pt is dizzy). Coffee ground emesis. Labs including CBC, Hgb and Hematocrit.
46
Diverticulitis diet during flare ups
Low fiber. Stay away from vegetables
47
Hep C
Pt tattooed overseas is at higher risk
48
Labs to monitor for Liver Cirrhosis
High bilirubin, ALT/AST, Ammonia, Creatinine
49
Physical assessment for Liver Cirrhosis
Abdomen distended, Ascites, Jaundice, Dull sounds on percussion
50
Cirrhosis of the liver can transition into?
Emphatic Encephalopathy ( pt becomes confused, mental states changes, ammonia levels elevated)
51
Low molecular weight heparin
Lovenox. (Give subq, do not aspirate, leave air bubble)
52
Lab value check with heparin
PTT (clotting time)
53
Lab test with Coumadin
INR (normal 2-3)
54
Antidote with Coumadin/ Warfarin
Vitamin K
55
Medication for cough that does not cause drowsiness
Teslon Pearls
56
Instructions with expectorants
Increase fluid intake.
57
Medication for TB
Rifampin
58
1 st generation drugs
Makes you drowsy ie Benadryl
59
Claritin is what gen drug?
2nd gen. NO Drowsy
60
Precautions when administering the Lasix
Push lasix slow, going fast can cause ringing in ears.
Monitor Potassium (will be low because of peeing it out)
61
Cholesterol meds (statins) can cause urine to turn what color
brown (which is normal)
62
What is a bad finding with statins?
Joint and muscle pains
63
Beta Blockers (end in LOL) do what?
Lowers heart rate and BP. (Make sure to check BP before administration, if less than 60 HR do not give)
64
What laboratory values are significant indicators of acute heart injury?
Increased CK-MB and troponin
65
The nurse anticipates what procedure at risk for stroke because of the potential present of blood clots?
TEE
66
Altered levels of potassium, sodium, and calcium may result in what conditions?
Dysrhythmias
67
A patient with hypertension has which physical symptom?
Increase resistance which may decrease CO
68
What is an important nursing action post cardiac catherization interventions?
Bed rest to avoid stress on cannula insertion site
69
Which of the following dysrhythmias require defibrillation?
V-Fib
70
Conduction pathway for the heart
SA to AV to Ventricles to Purkinje fibers
71
Transcutaneous pacing is necessary for which symptomatic patient?
Complete heart block
72
Bladder Analgesics
Pyridium
73
Loss of fatty tissue
Lipodystrophy
74
How to prevent Lipodystrophy
Rotating injection sites
75
Administration of insulin
90 Degree angle (45 degrees if pt is skinny)
76
What is the onnly type of insulin that can be given IV?
Regular Insulin
77
Long acting insulin
Lantus (peak 24 hrs)
78
Intermediate Insulin
NPH (Peak 4-12 hrs)
79
Short Acting Insulin
Regular insulin (peak 2-3 hrs)
80
Rapid acting insulin
Novolog/ Humalog (peak 30 mins - 1 hr)
81
Ulcerative Colitis affects
Spreads uniformly and affects the large intestine, can be cured with colectomy.
82
Appendicitis pain is located where
Right lower quadrant
83
Crohn's Disease affects
All layers of the bowel, not uniform in appearance, pattered like cobblestone, affects entire GI track. No cure.
84
Pt with H. Pylori are at risk for?
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)
85
Hypotonic solution
0.45% NaCl. Treats dehydration.
86
Hypertonic Solution
3% NaCl, used to treat edema. Cranial pressure and injuries.
87
Isotonic Solution
0.9% NaCl, used to replace volume. Also known as Lactated ringers
88
Universal donor
Type O -
89
Universal recipient
Type AB
90
Which rhythm can cause a clot?
A FIB
91
Retina Detachment
Medical emergency
92
Avoid this med with Glaucoma
Anticholinergics
93
Myopia
Nearsightedness
94
Hyperopia
Farsightedness (related to smaller eyeball)
95
Presbyopia
Farsightedness (related to loss of elasticity)
96
Normal Cholesterol
Less than 200
97
Normal LDL (bad cholesterol)
Less than 100
98
Normal HDL (good cholesterol)
Greater than 40-60
99
Normal Triglycerides
Less than 150
100
Normal pH
7.35 - 7.45
101
CO2
35 - 45
102
HCO3
22 -26
103
Sign of metabolic acidosis
Kussmaul respirations, HCO less than 22. pH less than 7.35
104
Pernicious Anemia
Failure to absorb Vit B12, treat with monthly Vit B12 shots. Diagnosed with Schillings test
105
Hypocalcemia can be showed by
Chvostek/ Trousseau sign
106
Hypokalemia shows this abnormality in EKG
PVCs
