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FINAL > MEDSURG 1 > Flashcards

MEDSURG 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What medication turns urine orange?

A

Pyridium

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2
Q

The nurse correlates which clinical manifestation to the patho of a gastric ulcer?

A

Acute epigastric pain after eating

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3
Q

What can a nurse never delegate to assistive personal?

A

Assessments

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4
Q

Blood tinged rust colored sputum, weight lost, cough, unexplained weight lost is all signs of?

A

Tuberculosis

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5
Q

What disease shows a ground glass opacity on a Xray

A

Tuberculosis

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6
Q

What is the rescue med for asthma?

A

Albuterol (short acting Beta 2)

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7
Q

Which rhythm has no P wave

A

A FIB

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8
Q

Digoxin toxicity on a EKG portrays what?

A

U waves

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9
Q

Signs of a DVT include

A

Redness, swelling, pain in calves and behind knee. Paleness is not a sign of a DVT

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10
Q

Lab test to test for CHF

A

BNP

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11
Q

Lab test to check for MI

A

Troponin

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12
Q

SOB and crackles in lungs is a sign of what?

A

CHF

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13
Q

A low molecular weight heparin to prevent DVTs

A

Lovenox

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14
Q

Never aspirate this injection

A

SubQ injections (leave air bubble)

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15
Q

Lab value for Coumadin therapeutic range

A

INR 2-3

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16
Q

Antidote for Coumadin aka warfarin

A

Vitamin K

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17
Q

When to transfuse blood

A

Hemoglobin less than 8

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18
Q

Who is at risk for Hep C

A

Getting tattoos overseas

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19
Q

Vit K helps what?

A

Clot formation

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20
Q

Vit C helps what?

A

Wound Healing

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21
Q

Medication used to treat TB

A

Rifpirofan

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22
Q

Why do we need to give Lasix slow?

A

Can cause Tinnitus (push 10mg/min)

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23
Q

Which lab value is decreased in renal failure?

A

Calcium

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24
Q

Treat high Potassium by

A

Diuretics (ex. Lasix & HCTZ)

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25
Q

Treat low Potassium by

A

Kdur and IV Potassium, monitor for burning. Never push K.

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26
Q

Normal Potassium levels

A

3.5-5

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27
Q

Normal sodium levels

A

135 to 145

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28
Q

What lowers sodium?

A

Dehydration (fluid loss, vomiting, sweat, burns)

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29
Q

What can a nurse NOT delegate?

A

Ask Dr. for orders. Teach pt. Document wounds.

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30
Q

Signs of IV infiltration

A

Edema, coolness under skin, no blood return from IV, purulent drainage is INFECTION

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31
Q

Higher BP by?

A

IV fluids

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32
Q

COPD normal O2 saturation

A

88-94/95

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33
Q

How to help COPD pt with 02 levels

A

Sit them up, small frequent meals, short burst of convo/ short sentences

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34
Q

Precautions for TB

A

airborne precautions & negative pressure room

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35
Q

Rescue med for Asthma

A

Albuterol (short acting)

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36
Q

Appearance of pt in Asthma attack

A

Scared, anxious, restless.
Breath sounds: Wheezing

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37
Q

Life threatening rhythm

A

Vtach

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38
Q

AFIB

A

No P wave

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39
Q

Diagnostic test when Pt presents with chest pain

A

EKG

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40
Q

Blood transfusion monitoring protocol

A

Stay with Pt for first 15 mins

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41
Q

Meds for Acid reflux

A

PPI like protonix. H2 receptor blockers like Nexium

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42
Q

Duodenal Ulcers

A

Pain 1.5-2 hours after eating

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43
Q

Gastric Ulcers

A

Pain relief after eating

44
Q

Gastric Ulcers

A

Pain relief after eating

45
Q

GI Bleed check for

A

Dark tarry stools. Heart rate. BP (orthostatic if pt is dizzy). Coffee ground emesis. Labs including CBC, Hgb and Hematocrit.

46
Q

Diverticulitis diet during flare ups

A

Low fiber. Stay away from vegetables

47
Q

Hep C

A

Pt tattooed overseas is at higher risk

48
Q

Labs to monitor for Liver Cirrhosis

A

High bilirubin, ALT/AST, Ammonia, Creatinine

49
Q

Physical assessment for Liver Cirrhosis

A

Abdomen distended, Ascites, Jaundice, Dull sounds on percussion

50
Q

Cirrhosis of the liver can transition into?

A

Emphatic Encephalopathy ( pt becomes confused, mental states changes, ammonia levels elevated)

51
Q

Low molecular weight heparin

A

Lovenox. (Give subq, do not aspirate, leave air bubble)

52
Q

Lab value check with heparin

A

PTT (clotting time)

53
Q

Lab test with Coumadin

A

INR (normal 2-3)

54
Q

Antidote with Coumadin/ Warfarin

A

Vitamin K

55
Q

Medication for cough that does not cause drowsiness

A

Teslon Pearls

56
Q

Instructions with expectorants

A

Increase fluid intake.

57
Q

Medication for TB

A

Rifampin

58
Q

1 st generation drugs

A

Makes you drowsy ie Benadryl

59
Q

Claritin is what gen drug?

A

2nd gen. NO Drowsy

60
Q

Precautions when administering the Lasix

A

Push lasix slow, going fast can cause ringing in ears.
Monitor Potassium (will be low because of peeing it out)

61
Q

Cholesterol meds (statins) can cause urine to turn what color

A

brown (which is normal)

62
Q

What is a bad finding with statins?

A

Joint and muscle pains

63
Q

Beta Blockers (end in LOL) do what?

A

Lowers heart rate and BP. (Make sure to check BP before administration, if less than 60 HR do not give)

64
Q

What laboratory values are significant indicators of acute heart injury?

A

Increased CK-MB and troponin

65
Q

The nurse anticipates what procedure at risk for stroke because of the potential present of blood clots?

A

TEE

66
Q

Altered levels of potassium, sodium, and calcium may result in what conditions?

A

Dysrhythmias

67
Q

A patient with hypertension has which physical symptom?

A

Increase resistance which may decrease CO

68
Q

What is an important nursing action post cardiac catherization interventions?

A

Bed rest to avoid stress on cannula insertion site

69
Q

Which of the following dysrhythmias require defibrillation?

A

V-Fib

70
Q

Conduction pathway for the heart

A

SA to AV to Ventricles to Purkinje fibers

71
Q

Transcutaneous pacing is necessary for which symptomatic patient?

A

Complete heart block

72
Q

Bladder Analgesics

A

Pyridium

73
Q

Loss of fatty tissue

A

Lipodystrophy

74
Q

How to prevent Lipodystrophy

A

Rotating injection sites

75
Q

Administration of insulin

A

90 Degree angle (45 degrees if pt is skinny)

76
Q

What is the onnly type of insulin that can be given IV?

A

Regular Insulin

77
Q

Long acting insulin

A

Lantus (peak 24 hrs)

78
Q

Intermediate Insulin

A

NPH (Peak 4-12 hrs)

79
Q

Short Acting Insulin

A

Regular insulin (peak 2-3 hrs)

80
Q

Rapid acting insulin

A

Novolog/ Humalog (peak 30 mins - 1 hr)

81
Q

Ulcerative Colitis affects

A

Spreads uniformly and affects the large intestine, can be cured with colectomy.

82
Q

Appendicitis pain is located where

A

Right lower quadrant

83
Q

Crohn’s Disease affects

A

All layers of the bowel, not uniform in appearance, pattered like cobblestone, affects entire GI track. No cure.

84
Q

Pt with H. Pylori are at risk for?

A

Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)

85
Q

Hypotonic solution

A

0.45% NaCl. Treats dehydration.

86
Q

Hypertonic Solution

A

3% NaCl, used to treat edema. Cranial pressure and injuries.

87
Q

Isotonic Solution

A

0.9% NaCl, used to replace volume. Also known as Lactated ringers

88
Q

Universal donor

A

Type O -

89
Q

Universal recipient

A

Type AB

90
Q

Which rhythm can cause a clot?

A

A FIB

91
Q

Retina Detachment

A

Medical emergency

92
Q

Avoid this med with Glaucoma

A

Anticholinergics

93
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness

94
Q

Hyperopia

A

Farsightedness (related to smaller eyeball)

95
Q

Presbyopia

A

Farsightedness (related to loss of elasticity)

96
Q

Normal Cholesterol

A

Less than 200

97
Q

Normal LDL (bad cholesterol)

A

Less than 100

98
Q

Normal HDL (good cholesterol)

A

Greater than 40-60

99
Q

Normal Triglycerides

A

Less than 150

100
Q

Normal pH

A

7.35 - 7.45

101
Q

CO2

A

35 - 45

102
Q

HCO3

A

22 -26

103
Q

Sign of metabolic acidosis

A

Kussmaul respirations, HCO less than 22. pH less than 7.35

104
Q

Pernicious Anemia

A

Failure to absorb Vit B12, treat with monthly Vit B12 shots. Diagnosed with Schillings test

105
Q

Hypocalcemia can be showed by

A

Chvostek/ Trousseau sign

106
Q

Hypokalemia shows this abnormality in EKG

A

PVCs

FINAL (1 decks)

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