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ER Meds > Meds > Flashcards

Meds Flashcards

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Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
0
Q

Glucagon

A

Hypoglycemia, calcium channel or beta blocker overdose, and esophageal food bolus

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1
Q

Vasopressin (Pitressin) *alternative to Epinephrine

A

Cardiac arrest, V-fib, pulseless electrical activity, and asystole.

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2
Q

Dopamine

A

Vasopressor for Hypotension and shock

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3
Q

Naloxone hydrochloride (Narcan)

A

Opiate overdose with respiratory of nuerodepression

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4
Q

Mannitol

A

Intracranial pressure

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5
Q

Methyl-prednisolone

Solu-Medrol

A

Steroid to decrease inflammation in asthma; allergic reaction; shock

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6
Q

Levofloxacin (Levaquin)

A

Antibiotic

if given too fast = arrhythmias

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7
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

A

Seizures and sedation.

Do not mix with anything.

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8
Q

Adenosine (Adenocard)

A

Narrow complex PSVT or SVT. NOT for A-fib, A-flutter, or VT.

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9
Q

Diltiazem hydrochloride (Cardizem)

A

A-fib or A-flutter.

Patients who require Cardizem are usually facing life threatening conditions like A-fib.

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10
Q

Promethazine hydrochloride (Phenergan)

A

Nausea and vomiting.

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11
Q

Lorazepam (Ativan)

A

Seizures and sedation.

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12
Q

Vfib/Vtach drugs

A

Every Little Boy Must Pray

  • Epinephrine
  • Lidocaine
  • Bretylium
  • Magsulfate
  • Procainamide
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13
Q

Ventricular fibrillation: treatment

A

Shock, Shock, Shock, Everybody Shock, Little Shock, Big Shock, Momma Shock, Poppa Shock

  • Shock= Defibrillate
  • Everybody= Epinephine
  • Little= Lidocaine
  • Big= Bretylium
  • Momma= MgSO4
  • Poppa= Pocainamide
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14
Q

Asystole

A

DEAD

  • Determine whether to initiate resuscitation
  • Epinephrine (1mg q 3-5min or 40 units vasopressor for 1st and 2nd dose)
  • Atropine (1 mg IV/IO q 3-5 min ↑to 3mg max)
  • Diff. Dx or discontinue resuscitation
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15
Q

Succinyl- choline (Anectine)

A

Paralytic for intubation. Have ambu bag ready!

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16
Q

Phenytoin sodium (Dilantin)

A

Seizures.* Only mixes with normal saline.*Infiltration = tissue necrosis, be careful. Attach a micron filter.

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17
Q

Sodium bicarbonate

A

Acidosis; hyper- kalemia; diabetic ketoacidosis; cocaine abuse, diphenhy- dramine or tricyclic antidepressant overdose.

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18
Q

Propranolol hydrochloride (Inderal)

A

Hypertension; acute myocardial infarction; dysrhythmias.

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19
Q

Haloperidol decanoate (Haldol)

A

Antipsychotic

Adult: 0.5–5 mg three times a day by mouth or injection

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20
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon)

A

Antidote for benzodiazepine overdose.

21
Q

Albuterol (Proventil)

A

Bronchodilator for asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Also treat hyperkalemia.

22
Q

Digoxin (Lanoxin)

A

A-fib, A-flutter, or SVT.

Cardiac drug used to slow conduction through the heart, especially in cases of atrial-fibrillation. As a side effect it can produce various dysrhythmias including ventricular fibrillation and aystole.

23
Q

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

A

Antidote for Tylenol overdose.p

24
Q

Atropine sulfate (Atropen)

A

Asystole, pulseless electrical activity, bradycardia, and organophosphate poisoning.

Intravenous push: 1 mg every 3–5 min. Maximum of 3 mg.
ET: 2–3 mg in 10 ml normal saline.

25
Q

Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone)

A

Antiarrythmic agent used for may different arrhythmias. Life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias.

Load 150 mg over 10 min, then 360 mg over 6 hours intravenously.

26
Q

Bradycardia

A

Pacing Always Ends Danger

transcutaneous pacing (TCP)
Atropine
Epinephrine
Dopamine

27
Q

6 H’s

A 
Hypovolemia
Hypoxia
Hydrogen ion - Acidosis
Hyper- or Hypokalemia 
Hypoglycemia
Hypothermia
28
Q

6 T’s

A 
Toxins
Tamponade - cardiac
Tension pneumothorax
Thrombosis - coronary or pulmonary
Trauma
29
Q

Lidocaine hydrochloride (Xylocaine)

A

Ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia.
Can be given subcutaneously locally to numb a wound. Comes in 1 or 2% vials.

Intravenous push: 1–1.5 mg/kg, may repeat at 0.5–0.75 mg/kg in 5–10 min. Intravenous drip 1–4 mg/min. ET: 2–4 mg/kg.

30
Q

Oxycodone and acetaminophen (Percocet)

A

Narcotic for pain

31
Q

Norepinephrine bitartrate (Levophed)

A

Vasopressor for severe *shock, drug overdose, or poison-induced *hypotension.

Avoid extravasation - if occurs must treat with phentolamine. Use a large peripheral vein for administration.

Diluted as 4 mg in 250 mL D5W avoid saline because of stability issues.

Monitor HR can cause tachycardia and tachydysrythmias.

32
Q

Furosemide (Lasix)

A

Congestive heart failure, edema, hypertension, intracranial pressure

33
Q

Azithromycin (Zithromax)

A

Antibiotic used commonly for gonorrhea; Pelvic inflammatory disease; and respiratory infections.

34
Q

D50, glucose (dextrose)

A

Acute hypoglycemia. Use D25 for children.

35
Q

Dobutamine (Dobutrex)

A

Synthetic catecholamine direct acting ionotrope.
Stimulate beta receptors in the heart causing some chronotropy and mild vasodilation.
*Treats heart failure and helps the heart pump blood.
-monitor HR, BP and EKG

start at 2.5 - 10 mcg/kg/min
titrate by 5 - 10 mcg/kg/min/ increments

36
Q

Nicardipine (Cardene)

A

Peripheral vascular calcium channel blocker - no negative chronotropic effect on the heart.

*Used in hypertensive emergencies and for BP management of stroke patients. Use large vein access.

Monitor HR - may cause tachycardia. Monitor infusion site- should be changed every 12 hours

37
Q

Nitroglycerin (Tridil)

A
  • Vasodilator causing dilation of peripheral veins, arteries and coronary vessels.
  • Used for MI, CHF, refractory angina and hypertension.
  • contraindicated in patients recently having taken phosphodiesterase inhibitors (sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil) cobination can lead to profound hypotension
  • Monirot BP and HR
38
Q

Propofol (Diprivan)

A

*General anesthetic agent used to induce anesthesia and sedate mechanically ventilated patients.

Contains derivative products from eggs and soybean oil. Caution with allergies. Bottle and tubing should be changed at least every 12 hours to avoid bacterial overgrowth and decrease infection risk.

*Monitor BP can cause hypotension. Do not bolus in a hemodynamically unstable patient.

39
Q

Quick facts about D5W and 0.9% NaCl

A

NEVER give D5W for nuero! BRAIN WILL SWELL!

0.9% NaCl with meds for the brain… D5W with meds for heart.

40
Q

Phenylephrine (NeoSynephrine)

A

Treat mild/moderate hypotension, also PSVT.

Alpha agonist. May be given IM, SC, IV push, or by continuous infusion.

41
Q

Magnesium sulfate

A
  • Chest pain or pain.

* Torsades de pointes, hypomagnesemia, and asthma: smooth muscle relaxant.

42
Q

Dronedarone (Multaq)

A

Treats heart rhythm problems in patients who have a history of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter.

Prescription medicine used to lower the chance you would need to go into the hospital for an irregular heart rhythm called atrial fibrillation (AFib).

43
Q

1 mL inj is……

A

MAX FOR DELTOID MUSCLE!!!

anything more is buttocks.

44
Q

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

A

Treats seizures. Also treats nerve pain or bipolar disorder (manic-depressive illness). Anti-depressant!

Carbamazepine is used to prevent and control seizures. This medication is known as an anticonvulsant or anti-epileptic drug. It is also used to relieve certain types of nerve pain (such as trigeminal neuralgia).

45
Q

Advair Diskus (Fluticasone Propionate)

A

Prevents symptoms of asthma or COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). This medicine contains a steroid and a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA).

46
Q

Flumazenil (Romazicon)

A

Treats drowsiness caused by sedative medicines called benzodiazepines, following surgery or drug overdose.

ANTIDOTE FOR SEDATIVE!!!!

47
Q

Midazolam (Versed)

A

Treats drowsiness caused by sedative medicines called benzodiazepines, following surgery or drug overdose.

48
Q

Ondansetron (Zofran)

A

Prevents nausea and vomiting.

49
Q

Pantoprazole (Protonix)

A

A proton pump inhibitor (PPIs), which block the production of acid by the stomach.

Proton pump inhibitors are used for the treatment of conditions such as ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome that are caused by stomach acid.

50
Q

Metoclopramide (Reglan)

A

Treats gastric esophageal reflux disease (GERD). Also treats nausea, vomiting, and heartburn caused by a stomach problem called gastroparesis in patients with diabetes.

51
Q

*facts about CARDIZEM

A

A calcium channel blocker used to slow the ventricular rate of rapid atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. Calcium contributes to the contraction of the heart and constriction of the arteries. Blocking the movement of calcium relaxes vascular smooth muscle (decreasing peripheral resistance) lowering the blood pressure and slowing conduction through the AV node which slows the heart rate which will reduce the work load of the heart.
When the patient sustains a rapid heart rate it could lead to an increased risk of myocardial damage (cardiomyopathy) and deterioration into ventricular fibrillation. The varying stroke volume (amount of blood pumped out of the ventricle with each contraction) decreases and causes the cardiac output to decrease. Patients will need intervention when the heart rate is over 100 and they are symptomatic.

ER Meds (1 decks)

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