medieval/hierarchy/humanism/science Flashcards
Merchants and Guildsmen
- born into these families.
-They were at the top of the social class - had power and status in republics
Nobles
Like the medici family who lived in luxury. They owned palaces which were cultural and artistic centres
Artisans
skilled workers like bakers, doctors, shopkeepers, shoe makers, carpenters, and armour makers who had smaller homes and narrower streets and reasonable comfort
Unskilled workers
who live din the poorer parts of Italy, they had bad air quality, no political rights, and protested about their unfair working conditions
Peasants
who provided food for cities and towns and lived in cottages. Most peasants had access to good food and clean air.
What was the order of the hierarchy in Renaissance
Merchants and Guildsmen, Nobles, then Artistans then Unskilled workers, then peasants
Things that remained the same between renaissance and medieval period
Had cultural religions, and involved with churches, strongly believed in god, followed a main religion, women had limited rights, and religious art.
Things that changed between the renaissance and the medieval period
Renaissance focused on human achievements and potential
- but medieval period was all about the churches and the beliefs and religion.
- More advanced artwork during the Renaissance and was influenced of ancient Greece and Rome.
Machiavelli-
talked about how politics worked
- wanted stable country, and ignored aspects of society like moral traditions and public opinion.
- Liked democracy and ignored the rights and the wrongs.
- Wrote “te prince” which showed that rulers should strive to maintain
Giovanni Pico Della Mirandolas
Texts emphasized concept of free will and human potential. Challenged the medieval scholasticism.
Science:
Nicolas copernicus
Developed the theory that the sun was the centre of the unvierse with the earth, moon and planets revolving around it
Science: - Vesalius
founder of the modern human anatomy and the stidy of human body. Wanted to experiment on human corpses (wrote a book about the structure of the human body, ‘on the fabric of the human body’
Galileo Galilei
- Made the telescope
- Worked to improve the magnification and 2 years later was able to observe the moon and the planets. Discovered 4 satellites, and stars.
Leonardo da vinci
- Studied the human form
- He mastered his subjects and had the ‘desire to learn’.
- He applied his knowledge from one field to others and used sfumato to make the mona Lisa
-He influenced art for generations to come. - Studied the flight of birds and tried to invent a machine called the ‘air screw; that would let humans fly
Science:
Johannes Gutenberg
invented the printing press in 1450 (most imporant factor contributing to the spread of renaissance culture all across europe as it encouraged people to learn to read and gain more knowledge)
How did the printing press influence the renaissance so much
as monks were amoung the few people who could read and write and wrote rare manuscripts which they had housed and were in latin (religious) —— it quickened the spread of knowledge, discoveries and encrouaged people to read and write as well.
How was science improved during this time
science was greatly improved as astronomy, humanist philosophy, printing press and languages were discovered
