medieval europe Flashcards
barbarian
-anyone who didn’t speak greek
-attacked roman empire
council of clermont
-called on ppl to help byzantine empire
-wanted to recapture holy land from muslim control
-started the crusades
crusader states
-jerusalem, edessa, antioch, tripoli
-muslims started their own crusades called jihads
black death
-bubonic plague
-likely arrived from china on ships
-~20 million people in europe killed, 1/3 of the continent
-trade ships would dock full of dead ppl
-it acted fast and killed animals
-ppl blamed jews and killed them
feudalism
-king -> feif -> serfs
-king granted land to feifs, feifs had serfs working on land, serfs gave food to feifs
-trade developed
anglo-saxons
-anglos and the saxons
-barbarian group outside of roman empire, rome hired them to maintain control of britain
william the conqueror
-illegitimate son of robert i duke of normandy, no other sons meant he inherited
-edward the confessor told him he could inherit throna of england when he died but harold godwinson became heir
-he invaded and took capitol city of london, crowned first norman king of england ended anglo-saxon phase of english history
-took census of england
the hundred years’ war
-english kings in 14th century were closest relative of charles 4th (french)
-for 20 years aquitaine was part of england
-henry V tried to become king of france
war of the roses
-bloody civil war between english family
-house of york (white rose) vs house of lancaster (red rose)
-king henry vi (lancaster) was crowned as a baby was grew into a weak ruler
-richard of york became lord protector and tried for the throne
-stupid
al-andalus
-hierarchy: iberians who switched religions -> christians and jews - > enslaved ppl
-christian and jews were allowed to keep their religions but considered subordinates
reconquista
-series of campaigns by chrsitian states to recapture iberian peninsula from muslims
-aragon, castile, portugal
-most ppl became christian
the “catholic monarchs”
-ferdinand and isabella who committed cultural genocide by expelling jewish and muslim people from spain
carolingian dynasty
-charlemagne’s dynasty
-education
-known for: military leadership, expansion, religious intolerance
the “dark ages”
-renaissance scholars didn’t think this period was as good as the roman empire
-a more accurate term would be medieval or middle ages
-some things were lost (roman concrete, literacy declined, reverse urbanization)
seljuk turks
-ottoman empire
-began to threaten power of eastern roman empire
-invaded byzantium (eastern roman empire)
