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English IV > Medieval Era Quiz > Flashcards

Medieval Era Quiz Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

The bridge between Dark Ages & Ren.

A

(1066-1485)

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2
Q

Beginning: Battle of Hastings

A
  • Norman invasion of Will. The Conquer
    ○ Illegitimate son of Duke of Normandy
    ○ Cousin to King of England
    ○ Wanted to rule the Anglo-Saxons not eliminate them
    ○ Imposed feudal system and brought court life to England
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3
Q

Structure of Feudalism

A

A socio-political struct. In which a weak monarchy attempts to control the lands of the realm through reciprocal agreements with regional leaders

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4
Q

Court Life: Culture Brought from France

A
  • “court” esy (how to behave at court)
    • Chivalry (how knights are supposed to behave)
      ○ Cheval (good horsemanship)
    • Two ways to become a knight:
      ○ Inheritance
      Valor in battle
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5
Q

Steps of Becoming a Knight:

A

1.) Page (age 8)
- Strengthen body, wrestling, riding horses

2.) Squire (age 15-16)
- Serving meals, polishing equipment, tending horses, dressing knights

3.) Knight (age 18-21)
“knighted” in a ceremony at age 21

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6
Q

Tournaments

A
  • Started in France
    • Public contests of courage and skill
    • Entertained royalty
      ○ Games
      § Jousting
      § Running of quintain
      □ How they prepared for the jousting tournament, bag + sand bag, hit it and see if the bag hits you, training for speed
    • Coat of Arms (colors) wore colorful clothes over armor to differentiate between who to kill, and to be able to tell who it was
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7
Q

Part of the Knights armor:

A
  • Heavy (50 lbs.)
    • Put on by pages or squires
    • Put over chain mail
    • Breast, back plates
    • Skirt of armor
    • Helmet
    • Shield- coat of arms
      Sword = chief weapon
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8
Q

Characteristics of a Knight:

A
  • Fight bravely
    • Observes fair play in conduct
    • Keep his word
    • Treat “equals” with courtesy
    • Respects all ladies
      Most knights has arranged marriage. They wanted a wife w/ a dowery w money or land)
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9
Q

Medieval Dress:

A

1.) Fabric
- Silk, linen, satin vs. wool, burlap, cotton

2.) Color
- Dyed w plants
- Dyer’s profession highly valued
- Purple, most expensive color to create

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10
Q

Women’s Dress

A
  • elaborate headpieces
    • Women wore elaborate hats
    • can only wear hair down when a young maiden
    • Must put hair up when married
    • braided their hair and wore it around their ears
    • wore golden nets over hair too
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11
Q

Food and Eating Habits:

A
  • Two, gradually three meals a day
    • Knives and spoons only, no forks
    • Common cup
      Big chalices everyone would drink from
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12
Q

Medieval Rules for Table Etiquette:

A
  • No spitting across the table
    • No burping loudly
    • No blowing nose on the tablecloth
    • No sipping with a lot of sound
    • No picking teeth w a knife
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13
Q

Hygiene

A
  • Washed hands before beginning a meal or after bathroom duties
    • Washes the entire body less frequently
    • Bathed in wooden tubs using water heated over a fire
    • Warmed water and washed down areas that were needed
      ○ Serfs most likely never took a bath, quick scrub downs
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14
Q

Life Expectancy

A
  • Once adulthood reached full life expectancy increased significantly
    • Life expectancy at birth = 17 years
      (distorted by extremely high rate of child mortality)
    • Most probably lived to 30
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15
Q

City of London

A
  • Compact & crowded
    • Tower
    • London bridge
    • Westminster hall
    • Thames river (polluted, through middle of London
    • 40,000 ppl lived in 1 1/2 square miles
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16
Q

Buildings & houses

A
  • packed together, built as a solid row
  • Damp and wet bc no sun entering
    = not very sanitary
17
Q

London

A
  • With multiple occupancy = need urban sanitation
    • Ordinances restricted rubbish dumping = needed trash man = “rakers” = cleaning streets
    • Streets smelled bad & littered with rubbish
18
Q

Life in the Countryside 1

A

1.) Castles
- Mode of mortar stone and wood
- At first = fortress
- Moats, keeps, killing grounds
- Eventually homes

19
Q

Life in the Countryside 2**

A

2.) Knight’s manors
- Depended on knight’s income
- Stone preferred, lesser = brick or better daub (soil, poop mix)
- Slate of tile roof
- Wood floors and rafters

20
Q

Life in the Countryside 3**

A

3.) Houses of the middle class

21
Q

Life in the Countryside 4

A

4.) Serf huts
- Very few rooms (1-3)
- Sheltered family and livestock
- Frame = timber

22
Q

Languages

A
  • French = aristocracy
  • Latin = church and law
  • Middle English = common ppl
23
Q

Education

A
  • Male lit. = 10%
  • Literate men = scholars, royals or church affiliation
  • Literacy = higher in city
  • Most aristocrats could read and write at least English
  • Female literacy = 1%
    • Oldest Universities:
      ○ Oxford 1167
      ○ Cambridge 1209
24
Q

Religion

A
  • Catholic Church
    • Monk
    • Friar: takes a vow of poverty
    • Nuns
    • Parsons: parish priest
    • Pardoners: got a license from the Pope to receive confessions
    • 1200s: catholic chur is only Christian religion
      ○ Much religious fervor
      ○ Church is powerful
    • 1300s: decline in power of the church bc of increased wealth and widespread corruption
25
Q

Special Events and Their Consequences

A

1.) Black Plague (1348-49)
2.) Peasants Revolt
3.) Hundred Years War
4.) War of the Roses

26
Q

1.) Black Plague (1348-49)

A
  • 1348-49
    • Killed 1/2 to 1/3 of pop. Of London
    • Caused shortage of labor = labors could ask for higher wages = ascends to middle class
    • Bacteria carried by rodents
    • Fleas –> rats –? Humans
      ○ Regurgitate blood from rodents to humans = infected
27
Q

Symptoms of the Black Death

A

○ High fever
○ aching limbs
○ Vomiting lungs
○ Swelling lymph nodes
○ Blackish coloring from swelling
○ Swelling burst, death soon follows
○ Process from 1st symptoms to death lasted 3-4 days

28
Q

Cures used for the Black Death

A

○ Scents: incense, oils, lotions
○ Sounds: church bells, cannons
○ Charms and spells
○ Spiritual healing (flagellants)
○ Bloodletting (leeches)

29
Q

2.) Peasants Revolt

A
  • Most famous rebellion during this era
    • Eventually led to increased rights for serfs
    • Reduced work force led to demand for higher wages and fewer hrs
    • Serfs stormed the tower, leaders were killed king promised reform but didn’t deliver
30
Q

3.) Hundred Years War

A
  • Lasted 1116 years
  • Eng. Vs. France
  • Bloody war
  • Increased Eng. Nationalism
31
Q

4.) War of the Roses

A
  • Bloody civil war between the
    House of Lavender (red rose)
    and the House of York (white rose)
    • Lancaster royal Henry Tudor finally becomes King
    • Start of the Tudor dynasty
      King Henry VII: founder of the Tudor dynasty
32
Q

Consequences of Special Events

A
  • Rise of a middle class
    • Development of a nation’s identity

English IV (3 decks)

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