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AP European History > Medieval Ages > Flashcards

Medieval Ages Flashcards

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1
Q

Time period of Middle Ages

A

circa 400 to 1500???

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2
Q

Problems with syllogisms

A

Reinforced wrong information

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3
Q

When was fall of Western Rman Empire

A

Around 400

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4
Q

3 causes of fall of W. Roman Empire

A
  1. Barbarian invasions and decline pol. strength
  2. Focused on slave labor, not economic expansion
  3. Extension of citizenship (non-citizens guarding borders)
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5
Q

When did E. Roman Empire fall

A

1453

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6
Q

Was E. Roman Empire centralized or decentralized

A

Centralized

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7
Q

Did fall ofw. Roman Empire lead to centralization or decentralization

A

decentralization

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8
Q

Why was church big in Middle Ages (2)

A

Brings hope to a destabilized society
Had monopoly on knowledge (knowledge = power)

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9
Q

T/F: Both church and feudalism had strict power heirarchies

A

True (church had a bit more mobility)

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10
Q

T/F: everywhere in Europe had some form of feudalism

A

True

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11
Q

primogeniture

A

oldest son inherits everything

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12
Q

Battle of Tours

A

732; Martel/Hammer stops Muslims from moving from Spain to France

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13
Q

Hammer’s associations

A

Carolingian (role of Mayor of the Palace) who overthrew Merovingians

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14
Q

Heirarchy of Carolingian family

A

Charles Martel the Hammer –> Pipin the Short –> Charlemagne –> Louis the Pious –> his 3 sons split the empire

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15
Q

Charlemagne impact (2)

A
  1. Expansion of HRE to most of Western Europe
  2. Carolingian Renaissance (start to teach noble children)
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16
Q

Pippin the Short Impact (2)

A
  1. Pope anoints Pipin king of Franks
  2. In return, Pipin promises Pope army
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17
Q

Time period of Feudalism

A

9th to 15th century

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18
Q

4 ranks of feudal system

A

king, tenants, knights/lords, peasants

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19
Q

Homage in feudalism

A

King gives nobles land and titles, noble provides army and taxes in return

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20
Q

How does middle class eventually emerge

A

feudal peasants becoming more rich and educated

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21
Q

Manorial land returned for the private use of a feudal lord

A

Demesne

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22
Q

Villein

A

A serf

23
Q

T/F: feudal peasants could migrate; examples included craftsmans and artisans

A

True

24
Q

Parsonage

A

Residence of the clergy

25
Q

Fallow

A

Plowed but left unseeded during a growing season (3 field system) - always food shortages

26
Q

T/F: there were no roads in feudal Europe

A

False (there was some trade)

27
Q

Characteristics of manors (3)

A
  1. lords lived in manor houses (rebellion failsafe)
  2. Lord controls mills/creating dependence
  3. a lot of manual labor (not many trained animals)
28
Q

Roman Empire was centralized or decentralized

A

Centralized

29
Q

After the fall of the W. Roman Empire, was centralized or decentralized

A

decentralized

30
Q

Why did Renaissance start in Italy (3)

A

stable city states, surplus of money to spend on art, less conflict

31
Q

Rule of Law

A

every citizen, including the lawmakers, are subject to the law (England)

32
Q

Manga Carta

A

1215: nobility tired of king abusing power, gives political voice to lords, leads to parliament and constitutionalism

33
Q

Where did Jews live during this time (2)

A

Urban centers/ghetto
Filled certain jobs like moneylending or merchants

34
Q

6 Justifications for Crusades

A
  1. End warfare in Europe
  2. Get rid of troublesome noble brothers
  3. Show pope’s power
  4. Take back Jerusalem and spread religion
  5. Trade routes
  6. Prevent Islam from spreading
35
Q

Indulgences during this time

A

Going on crusades

36
Q

Crusades dates/person

A

Pope Urban II 1095

37
Q

Why was pope so powerful

A

Had power to excommunicate kings who disobeyed

38
Q

Babylonian Captivity/Great Schism

A
  1. Holy See moved to Avignon (early 1300s); very lavish
  2. The Great Schism (1378 to 1417) 3 popoes supported by different families
39
Q

2 major events during Great Schism

A

Plague
Hundred Years War (English people didn’t want French to get their tides)

40
Q

John Wycliffe

A
  1. Response to Great Schism
  2. Translated Bible into English
41
Q

John Huss

A
  1. Response to Great Schism
  2. Translated Bible into Czech (give common people access)
  3. Died by Council of Constance (which also ended Great Schism)
42
Q

Hammer of Witches (2)

A
  1. 1486
  2. Shows power of the church
43
Q

Conciliar movement

A

Reform movement in 14th, 15th, and 16th century Catholic Church which held that supreme authority rested with a council; response to schism

44
Q

Medieval universities (3)

A

Focal points of medieval learning, generally evolved into secular universities, trivium/quadrivium

45
Q

Trivium

A

grammar
logic
Rhetoric

46
Q

Quadrivium

A

music
Geometry
arithmetic
Astronomy

47
Q

Scholasticism

A

System taught in Medieval universities, based on Aristotelian logic, emphasis on dogma and tradition

48
Q

Burghres

A

Rank or title of privileged citizen in medieval towns in early modern Europe; formed city pool from which city officials could be drawn

49
Q

Hundreds Year War dates

A

1337 to 1453

50
Q

When did bubonic plague strike europe

A

14th century

51
Q

When were frescoes popularly made

A

14th century to 16th century

52
Q

Renaissance art traits (3)

A

Color red (Catholicism)
Ecclesiastical (for illiteracy)
Frescoes (due to climate)

53
Q

Differences btwn Renaissance and medieval art (3)

A

Vibrant colors
Family/personal portraits within
Depth, linear perspective, and proportion due to math and science

AP European History (1 decks)

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