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Prog test revision MBCHB > Medicines > Flashcards

Medicines Flashcards

1
Q

When would you give 0.9%NaCl?

A

Dehydration

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2
Q

What drug is an antiviral that you may use in herpes simplex infections?

A

Acyclovir

Current BPAC: Vilacyclovir - Herpes simplex and zoster (Severe concerns needed for treatment)

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3
Q

Whats the medicine for gout?

A

Allopurinol

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4
Q

What is zopiclone?

A

Sedative drug, overused in helping people sleep.

NB: Highly addictive and overprescribed

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5
Q

What condition is sodium valoprate [Epilim] used for?

A

Generalisation: Epilepsy (children and adults)

Additionally: Bipolar disorder (Adults)

C/I: Not for pregnancy

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6
Q

What drug would you give to lower cholesterol in a patient with CAD or hyperlipidaemia?

A

Simvastatin or Atorvastatin

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7
Q

What is pethidine used for?

A

Pain relief, Moderate to severe [Antispasmodic]

i.e Colic or acute pancreatitis

PethiDINE=FOOD=GI pain

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8
Q

What is phenytoin used for?

A
  • Generalised tonic clonic (grand mal) seizures.

Less commonly:
- Psychomotor seizures
- Convolusize seizures

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9
Q

Whats salbutamol used for?

A
  • Asthma
  • COPD
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10
Q

What are the indications for aspirin use?

A

Its an antiplatelet so indicated in:

  • CerebroVD
  • IHD
  • PVD
  • Pain

Aspirin = Aspiring to stop stroke

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11
Q

What is cyclazine use for?

A

Nausea and vomiting

Antiemesis

Cyc= cyclone = dizzy = nausea

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12
Q

What is diazepam used for?

A

It is a sedative and anti-convulsant

  • Anxiety
  • ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL
  • some epilepsy
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13
Q

What can hydrocortisone be used for? Consider topical vs oral.

A

Topical: Eczma, dermatitis

Oral: Steroid deficiency, inflammatory disease

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14
Q

What is hydroxycobalamin use for?

A

Vit B12 replacement

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15
Q

Whats metformin used for?

A

Type two diabetes blood sugar control.

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16
Q

What medicine do you use for opioid overdose?

A

Naloxone

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17
Q

What do you use for paracetamol overdose?

A

N-acetyl-cysteine

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18
Q

What would you use nortyptyline for?

A
  • Neurological pain
  • Depression
  • Smoking cessation

norTYPTline = TRIPPING=Uplifting

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19
Q

What is ondansetron use for?

A

Nausea and vomiting

OdanseTRON = Hamilton = Yuck = Sick

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20
Q

What is omeprazole used for?

A

PPI

Peptic ulcer disease

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21
Q

What is ranitidine and what is it used for?

A

Histamine(2)R antagonist, prevents gastric acid secretion.

  • Duodenal ulcer
  • GORD
  • Peptic ulcers
  • Dyspepsia (pain based one)

RanitiDINE = Dinner = Gastric acid

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22
Q

What is prochlorperazine used for?

A

N&V, antiemetic

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23
Q

What is resperidone used to treat?

A
  • Psychosis i.e schizophrenia

RESPeridone = Respite from the voices ooooohhhh ahhhhhh

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24
Q

What would you use warfarin for?

A

Inhibits the production of Vit K dependent clotting factors, used in:

  • Venous thromboembolism, A-fib, valvular disease
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25
When is Vit K administered?
- Newborn babies (prophylaxis / treatment of haemorrhagic disease of newborns) - Warfarin reversal (INR) - Vit K deficiency
26
When would you use heparin unfracitonated?
- prophylaxis/treatment of venous thromboembolism. - acute peripheral arterial occlusion.
27
When would you use low weight molecular heparin?
prophylaxis/treatment of venous thromboembolism
28
When would you use debigatran?
treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolism, atrial fibrillation
29
When would you use clopidogrel?
- ischaemic heart disease - cerebrovascular disease - peripheral vascular disease
30
What is ceterizine used for?
Anti-histamine Histamine mediated allergy
31
What is fluconazole used for?
- Azole = Antifungals
32
How does spirinolactone work and what would you use it for?
- Functions by: Aldosterone antagonist (Diuresis and K sparring) - Hypertension and HF Removes water, deloading the heart and lowering BP
33
What is the MoA of nifedipine and what is it used for?
MoA: Ca Channel blocker - hypertension - angina (Chronic Stable)
34
What is the MoA of Metoprolol and what is it used for?
MoA: lol = B1 Antagonist. - Hypertension - IHD - CHF - Arrhythmias (slows rate) i.e Lowers HR and BP, less heart work.
35
What is the MoA of losartan and what is it used for?
MoA: ANG2 blocker (ARB) (Vasodilator) - Hypertension
36
What is the MoA of felodipine and what is it used for?
MoA: Ca channel blocker - Hypertension
37
What is the MoA of cilazapril and whats the indications?
MoA: ACEi - Hypertension - HF
38
Whats adrenalin used for?
- Anaphylaxis - Cardiac arrest - Shock
39
Whats the MoA of Alendronate and its indications?
MoA: Bisphosphonate, decreases osteoclast reabsorption of bone - Osteoporosis - Pagets disease
40
Whats the MoA of amiodarone and its indicaitons?
MoA: Class 3 anti-arrhythmic, K+ blocker Indicated: - arrhythmias (Effects last 3 months - 4th line a-fib (BPAC)
41
What is the MoA of atenolol and its indications?
MoA: B1 blocker - Hypertension - IHD - Arrhythmias i.e Lowers HR and BP, less heart work.
42
What is the MoA of Atropine and its indications?
MoA: Antimuscunaric - Bradycardia (lowers PNS effects) - Treatment of cholinesterase inhibitor overdose - Pupil dilation
43
What is the MoA of bendrofluazide and its indications?
MoA: Thiazide diuretic (Inhibit NaCl reabsorption) = K and water loss. - Hypertension - Oedema
44
What is the MoA of Frusemide and its indicaitons?
MoA: Loop diuretic - Oedema - Hypertension - Heart failure
45
What is cholecalciferol use in?
Vit D deficiency i.e osteoporosis
46
What is colchicine use in?
Acute gout flare (In addition to NSAID, prednisone) COLCHicine = Cochella = Flare = gout flare
47
What is the MoA of Sennoside B and indications?
MoA: Stimulant Laxative aka Prunelax Indications: - Constipation / IBS SennoSIDE = Inside = Inside ur bum i.e laxative
48
What are the indications for rifampicin?
- TB (in conjunction with isoniazid)
49
What is Rifampicin and isoniazid used to treat?
TB ISOniazid = ISOlate because you have TB
50
What is isosorbide mononitrate used for? MoA?
Ischeamic heart disease. MoA: Nitrates = NO Just a dumb name for NO genesis
51
What is lactulose used for?
Constipation
52
What is the MoA of Bezafibrate and indications?
MoA: Fibrates, chelates lipids?!? Indicated: Dyslipidaemia
53
What is beclometasone indicated for?
- Inhaled corticosteroid Indicated in: Asthma, COPD BEClometasone = Because its hards to breathe
54
What is budesonide used for?
- Inhaled corticosteroid Indicated in: Asthma, COPD BUDesonide = BUD like alveolar buds = airway relief
55
What is the use of carbamazepine?
To treat epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia CarbAMAZEpine = amazingly stops epilepsy
56
Whats the use of carbimazole?
Hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis
57
What is the indication and use of benztropine?
- Parkinsonism - Dystonia - Extra-pyramidal effects
58
What is the use of dexamethasone?
- Reduces inflammation by regulating gene expression Indicated in: - Inflammatory disease - Steroid deficiency - Foetal lung maturation
59
What is the MoA of Digoxin and its indicaiton?
MoA: Inotrope and slows AVN conduction - HF - Arrhythmias
60
What is the MoA of diltiazem and its indications?
MoA: Ca channel blocker Indications: - Arrhythmias - IHD i.e angina
61
What is docusate sodium used for?
To relieve constipation (IBS) Docusate = didusay a waterfall of diarrhoea
62
What is domperidone used for?
Anti-emetic (dopamine agent) used to stop vomiting domperiDONE = Done vomiting
63
What is eformoterol use for?
Short acting beta agonist
64
What is ergometrine used for?
Prevention and treatment of post partum heamorrhage ErgoMETRine = Endometrium
65
What is flumazenil used for?
Benzodiazepine overdose
66
What is fluoxetine used for?
- Depression - Menopausal symptoms
67
What is fluticasone used for?
- Allergic rhinitis - Prophylaxis of asthma
68
What is gabapentin used for?
- Epilepsy - Nerve pain
69
What are the indications of Glipizide?
- Type two diabetes.
70
What is haloperidol used for?
Psychoses HALOperidol = Hello the voices are speaking to you
71
What are the indications of ipratroprium?
Short acting muscanaric agonist - COPD - Asthma
72
What is lorazepam used for?
- Status epilepticus - Anxiety = Sedation
73
What is magnesium sulfate used for?
- Hypomagnesiumaemia - Arrhythmias - Eclampsia seizure prevention
74
What is metoclopromide used for?
Treat nausea and vomiting
75
What is misoprostol used for?
Obstetrics = Medical termination
76
What is norethisterone used for?
- Contraception - Premenstural syndrome
77
What is oxytocin used for?
- Induction of labour - Prevent post partum haemorrhage
78
What is prednisone used for?
Glucocorticoids - Inflammatory disease - Steroid deficiency
79
What is amoxicillin and clauvanic acid used for?
Broad spectrum antibiotic - UTI - Pneumonia - Skin infecitons
80
What would you use benzylpenicillin be used for?
- Strep throat - Prophylaxis against Strep B in labour
81
What would you use cephazolin be used for?
- Surgical prophylaxis - Resp infections
82
What is chloramphenicol used for?
H. influenzae life threatening infections - Typhoid fever - Eye and ear infections
83
What is doxycycline used for?
84
What is erythromycin used for?
- Legionella - Comm acq pneumonia
85
What is gentamicin used for?
- Gram negative bacteria - Pseudomonas
86
What is meropenam used for?
Broad spectrum activity against gram positive, gram negative and anaerobic organisms. Used in severe hospital-acquired infection and complex lower respiratory infections such as in cystic fibrosis
87
What is metronidazole used for?
- Anaerobic bacteria (i.e C.Diff or peritonitis) - Protozoa

Prog test revision MBCHB (9 decks)

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