Medicine through time- Ancient Medieval Flashcards
What did pare do
He invented a new way of sealing wounds using a new ointment while on the battlefield and used ligatures (a thing used for tying/binding something) to tie blood vessels for the first time. He translated Vesalius’ works into French so English doctors could learn from it.
What did harvey do
was a physician who improved understanding of blood and the heart. After dissecting human hearts, he published the idea that blood circulated around the body
who discovered chloroform
In 1847, James Simpson accidentally discovered chloroform.
which islamic doctors challenged galen’s ideas
Islamic doctors such as Ibn al-Nafis started to challenge their ideas.
what religion was the first to have medicines
Islamic medicine was the first to have pharmacies and a system of weighing and measuring ingredients in medicines was invented
what did louis pasteur do
Louis Pasteur challenged the theory of spontaneous generation and miasma. In 1861 pasteur discovered Germ Theory: the discovery that germs (bacteria) caused disease
what did robert koch do
Robert Koch was the first person to use Germ Theory to prove that germs caused diseases in humans. Koch also used a dye to stain microbes that could then be photographed under a microscope.
who founded anthrax
After war between France and Germany, both governments funded scientists. Pasteur (French) competed against Koch (German) to make vaccinations. Koch identified the anthrax Germ. Pasteur then made vaccines for anthrax, cholera and rabies before proving that they worked.
who is Paul Ehrlich
(part of Koch’s team) developed the first chemical cure for a disease, he found Salvarsan 606 cured syphilis.He described this as a “magic bullet” - it targeted and destroyed the syphilis bacteria without harming the rest of the body.
who created penicilin
During WWI many wounded soldiers became ill after coming into contact with the Staphylococcus germ. In 1928 Alexander Fleming accidentally discovered penicillin and realised that it killed staphylococcus bacteria. Fleming did not realise that penicillin would kill infections in the body so at first it was not a major breakthrough. ● In the 1930s Florey and Chain experimented with penicillin. During WWII, more penicillin was needed. Florey and Chain presented penicillin to the US and GB governments who paid chemical companies to mass produce the drug. By the end of WWII 250,000 soldiers were being treated.
when was the great plague
The Great Plague arrived in Britain in 1665
what is inoculation
Using weakened but live germs of a disease in a healthy person to build up a resistance against a stronger form of that disease.
when was the first public health act
1848 the first Public Health act
what is the Beveridge report
In 1942 Beveridge reported on the state of Britain and suggested that the gov. should take charge of Social Security. The Labour gov. introduced a welfare state.
when was the NHS set up
The NHS was set up (1948) giving free health care
