Medicine - Key dates

Question 1

The Industrial Revolution

Answer 1

1830s Working class people crammed into unhygienic city homes and worked in poor environments for low wages, causing public health decline

Question 2

Cholera epidemic

Answer 2

1831

Question 3

Chadwick report

Answer 3

1842- contained no medical or scientific reasoning but clarified the link between poor housing and sanitation to disease and death.

Question 4

Elizabeth Blackwell becomes the first female doctor in the US

Answer 4

1847

Question 5

First public health act

Answer 5

1848- The board of health is established

Question 6

The Crimean War

Answer 6

1854

Question 7

John Snow proves cholera is waterborne

Answer 7

1854

Question 8

Germ theory

Answer 8

1861

Question 9

Elizabeth Garret become the first female doctor in the UK

Answer 9

1865

Question 10

Second public health act

Answer 10

1875- enforced laws about slum clearance, provision of sewers and clean water, and the removal of nuisances

Question 11

Public health improvements

Answer 11

1876- river pollution, food quality, building regulations etc

Question 12

National health insurance

Answer 12

1911

Question 13

World War 1

Answer 13

1914-1918

Question 14

Fleming discovers penicillin

Answer 14

1928

Question 15

The development of penicillin

Answer 15

1937-1945 - Florey and Chain

Question 16

Beveridge report

Answer 16

1942

Question 17

Foundation of the NHS

Answer 17

1948- thanks to Bevan

Question 18

The Great Stink

Answer 18

1858

Question 19

Joseph Bazalgette

Answer 19

Designed and supported the construction of new and more hygienic London sewers, most of which were completed by 1866

Question 20

Edwin Chadwick

Answer 20

Promoted public health reforms in the 1800s with his report and his government influence, however struggle to get people on board as he was suggesting expensive proposals and had poor people skills.

Question 21

Smallpox vaccine is compulsory

Answer 21

1853

Question 22

Hospital improvements

Answer 22

1854- thanks to Florence Nightingale

Question 23

Free school meals for poor children.

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Answer 23

1906

Question 24

School medical examinations for all children.

Answer 24

1907

Question 25

Old-age pensions were introduced.

Answer 25

1908

Question 26

Jon Snow

Answer 26

Discovered the link between a water pump on broad street and the spread of cholera by tracking every case of cholera in an area, and therefore highlighting the importance of good sanitation.

Question 27

Florence Nightingale

Answer 27

Worked as a nurse in the Crimean War and returned to England to revolutionise sanitation in hospitals and set up a medical school.