Medicine- dermatology

Question 1

Name the type of hypersensitivity response

Answer 1

Urticaria, type 1

Question 2

What is this and how do you diagnose and treat it?

Answer 2

Molluscum contagiosum

Diagnose it clinically

Treat with curetting, freezing or applying cantharidin

Question 3

What is shown in this x-ray and what causes it? What are the treatment options?

Answer 3

Gas gangrene

Clostridium perfringens (anaerobe)

Debridement, amputation, hyperbaric oxygen therapy afterwards

Question 4

What is this? How is it treated?

Answer 4

Lichen planus. Topical steroids, or oral if severe. The fine white lines are called Wickham striae

Question 5

Answer 5

Radiation dermatitis

Question 6

Name some risk factors for this

Answer 6

Dupuytren’s contracture

Risk factors include family history, alcoholism, smoking, thyroid problems, liver disease, diabetes, previous hand trauma, and epilepsy.

Question 7

Answer 7

Lupus pernio is a chronic raised indurated (hardened) lesion of the skin, often purplish in color. It is seen on the nose, ears, cheeks, lips, and forehead. It is pathognomonic of sarcoidosis.

Question 8

Answer 8

Cutaneous leishmaniasis.Transmitted by the bite of infected female phlebotomine sandflies which can transmit the protozoa Leishmania

Question 9

What is it and what other conditions is it associated with?

Answer 9

Alopecia areata

Aotoimmune conditions like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and celiac disease

Question 10

Answer 10

stevens johnson syndrome

Question 11

First line treatment for severe papulopustular/ nodular acne

Answer 11

Isotretinoin

Question 12

25-30% of young women with acne vulgaris also have what?

Answer 12

PCOS

Question 13

Answer 13

Steroid induced acne

Question 14

Most common cause of cellulitis

Answer 14

Group A strep

Question 15

Treatment of choice for cellulitis

Answer 15

Cephalexin

Question 16

Vertex baldness is associated with which condition?

Answer 16

Prostate cancer

Question 17

Preventative measure for radiation dermatitis

Answer 17

Low to mid potency topical steroids

Question 18

TOC for onychomycosis, and what is a contraindication?

Answer 18

Oral terbinafine, contraindicated in significant liver disease

Question 19

Atopic dermatitis is associated with which immunoglobulin?

Answer 19

IgE

Question 20

What is this process called and what causes it?

Answer 20

Lichenification, scratching

Question 21

Triggers for telogen effluvium

Answer 21

Common triggers of telogen effluvium include childbirth, severe trauma or illness, a stressful or major life event, marked weight loss and extreme dieting, a severe skin problem affecting the scalp, a new medication or withdrawal of a hormone treatment.

Question 22

Answer 22

Felon (whitlow)

Incision + drainage

Question 23

What % of leukoplakias undergo malignant transformation?

Answer 23

2-6%

Question 24

Answer 24

Erysipelas, Group A strep. Unlike cellulitis it involves the upper dermis and superficial lymphatics

Question 25

What type of infection is this?

Answer 25

Dermatophyte infection- tinea pedis (athlete’s foot)

Dermatophytes cause infections of the skin, hair, and nails, obtaining nutrients from keratinized material.

Question 26

Pt presents w a 3 day hx of a rash which started abruptly. No pruritis or pain. URTI and sore throat 2/52 ago

Answer 26

Guttate psoriasis

Usually youngsters w a preceeding strep infection. Abrupt onset of raindrop like papules. Usually no hx of psoriasis. It spontaneously remits over weeks or months.

Question 27

What’s this?

Answer 27

Inverse psoriasis. Symmetric well demarcated erythematous patches, no scaling, and located in intertrigenous areas. Can be triggered by fungal infections.

Question 28

What’s this?

Answer 28

Chronic plaque psoriasis. Note silvery scales. The most common type of psoriasis.

Question 29

What is this?

Answer 29

Erythrodermic psoriasis, potentially life-threatening

Question 30

Potentially useful investigation for women with androgenic alopecia

Answer 30

Trichoscopy

Question 32

What is this? And what’s the pathophysiology?

Answer 32

Bullous pemphigoid. Autoimmune IgG mediated