Medicine Flashcards
primary biliary cholangitis - ____ antibody
antimitchondrial
how do tell if there is renal compensation in an acid base disturbance?
look at bicarb; if bicarb pretty normal level, then no compensation
nasal bleeding, incidental hypertension, fine hand tremor- what do you suspect?
cocaine abuse; get UDS
symptoms of pheo
intermittent /severe/ hypertension with bouts of diaphoresis, headache, tachycardia
what is the most common cause of community-acquired meningitis?
strep pneumo
usually occurs from hematogenous dissemination (bacteremia). may or may not have accompanying pneumonia.
initial medical treatment of acute aortic dissection?
IV beta blockers (eg labetalol, esmolol) - lower HR and decr contractility
suspected achalasia, next step?
EGD to rule out pseudoachalasia such as from malignancy
list bacteria that are part of the strep viridans group
strep... mutans sanguinis miter milleri oralis
medical treatment of IIH/pseudotumor cerebri?
Acetazolamide (inhibit choroid plexus carbonic anhydrase)
add furosemide if not responding to acetazolamide
treatment allergic rhinitis
intranasal glucocorticoid (eg fluticasone, memtasone) - may need continuous use for several days or weeks for max benefit
how to confirm dx of carpal tunnel
nerve conduction studies
milk alkali syndrome caused by excessive intake of ___
calcium and absorbable alkali (for example calcium carbonate supplements)
s/p MVC, BL LE weakness, no pain, temp, crude touch. vibration intact.
anterior cord syndrome
able to follow written and verbal commands, but difficulty repeating words and writing = lesion in what part of the brain?
dominant (left for most people) frontal lobe- Broca’s area
myotonic dystrophy mutation
autosdomal dominant
CTG trinucleotide repeat
erosive erosions on vulva bordered by white striae, oral lesions - diagnosis and treatment?
vulvar lichen planus - confirm and r/o cancer with biopsy.
tx: topical corticosteroids
what is unique about prostate cancer mets to bone?
osteoBlastic lesions, will have a normal or low serum calcium (unlike osteolytic lesions)
causes of a holosystolic murmur
MR/TR
PDA
tracheal narrowing with ulceration
GPA (granulomatosis with polyangiitis)
noncaseating granulomas seen in which type of IBD?
Crohn’s
granny crohn cobblestone
beta ___ push K+ intracellular
agonists (eg albuterol)
in addition to bronchodilators and systemic glucocorticoids, COPD exacerbation should get antibiotics when?
they have 2 or more cardinal symptoms
