Medicine Flashcards
Who created the 4 Humours?
Hippocrates
What were the 4 Humours?
Blood,Black bile,Yellow bile, phlegm
Who created the Theory of Opposites?
Galen
What was the Theory of Opposites?
Giving the patient the ‘opposite’ of their illness e.g a cold would would be treated with hot peppers
What were the main ways of dealing with an imbalance of humours?
Blood letting and Purging
What technique of diagnosis did Hippocrates use?
Clinical Observation - Studying symptoms and making notes
What rational treatments did Hippocrates recommend?
Exercise, dieting, hygiene etc
How were Hippocrates’ treatments different from others?
Most treatments were religious or superstitious such as prayer, flagellation or carrying lucky charms
What 4 types people would treat the ill?
Wise women, Barber surgeons, Apothecaries, Physicians
What would Physicians do?
Observe patients symptoms
Consult urine and zodiac charts
Usually send patients to apothecaries or barber surgeon
What were the functions of primitive ‘hospitals’?
To provide a clean place for recuperation rather than for treatment. Often run by the Church
When was the Black Death?
1348-1349
What was the disease responsible for the Black Death?
Bubonic Plague
What caused the spread of the Black Death?
Fleas became infected from rats and bit humans
What were the main causes that people believed caused the Black Death?
Foreigner God's punishment Astrology Miasma 4 Humours
How to people try to avoid catching the Black Death?
Prayer and fasting Clearing up streets Smelling bad smells to overcome plague Keep air moving Carrying herbs Kicking foreigners out
What were treatments for the Black Death?
Praying or holding charms
Draining buboes
Holding bread against, buboes then burying it
Eating cool food or taking cold baths
What major change in people’s beliefs led to new discoveries in medicine?
People believed less in disease caused by God and more in rational explanation
Who was the ‘English Hippocrates’?
Thomas Sydenham
Why was Sydenham so influential?
He believed that a disease had nothing to do with the person who was affected and published his ideas
What major technological advancement led to new ideas being spread more?
The printing press
Why was the Royal Society so important to the development of scientific understanding?
It sponsored scientists and allowed them to share their research and findings to prove or disprove ideas
