Medicine

Question 1

Who created the 4 Humours?

Answer 1

Hippocrates

Question 2

What were the 4 Humours?

Answer 2

Blood,Black bile,Yellow bile, phlegm

Question 3

Who created the Theory of Opposites?

Answer 3

Galen

Question 4

What was the Theory of Opposites?

Answer 4

Giving the patient the ‘opposite’ of their illness e.g a cold would would be treated with hot peppers

Question 5

What were the main ways of dealing with an imbalance of humours?

Answer 5

Blood letting and Purging

Question 6

What technique of diagnosis did Hippocrates use?

Answer 6

Clinical Observation - Studying symptoms and making notes

Question 7

What rational treatments did Hippocrates recommend?

Answer 7

Exercise, dieting, hygiene etc

Question 8

How were Hippocrates’ treatments different from others?

Answer 8

Most treatments were religious or superstitious such as prayer, flagellation or carrying lucky charms

Question 9

What 4 types people would treat the ill?

Answer 9

Wise women, Barber surgeons, Apothecaries, Physicians

Question 10

What would Physicians do?

Answer 10

Observe patients symptoms
Consult urine and zodiac charts
Usually send patients to apothecaries or barber surgeon

Question 11

What were the functions of primitive ‘hospitals’?

Answer 11

To provide a clean place for recuperation rather than for treatment. Often run by the Church

Question 12

When was the Black Death?

Answer 12

1348-1349

Question 13

What was the disease responsible for the Black Death?

Answer 13

Bubonic Plague

Question 14

What caused the spread of the Black Death?

Answer 14

Fleas became infected from rats and bit humans

Question 15

What were the main causes that people believed caused the Black Death?

Answer 15

Foreigner
God's punishment
Astrology 
Miasma
4 Humours

Question 16

How to people try to avoid catching the Black Death?

Answer 16

Prayer and fasting
Clearing up streets
Smelling bad smells to overcome plague
Keep air moving
Carrying herbs
Kicking foreigners out

Question 17

What were treatments for the Black Death?

Answer 17

Praying or holding charms
Draining buboes
Holding bread against, buboes then burying it
Eating cool food or taking cold baths

Question 18

What major change in people’s beliefs led to new discoveries in medicine?

Answer 18

People believed less in disease caused by God and more in rational explanation

Question 19

Who was the ‘English Hippocrates’?

Answer 19

Thomas Sydenham

Question 20

Why was Sydenham so influential?

Answer 20

He believed that a disease had nothing to do with the person who was affected and published his ideas

Question 21

What major technological advancement led to new ideas being spread more?

Answer 21

The printing press

Question 22

Why was the Royal Society so important to the development of scientific understanding?

Answer 22

It sponsored scientists and allowed them to share their research and findings to prove or disprove ideas