Medicine 2

Question 1

How does thyrotoxicosis cause increased BP?

Answer 1

it stimulates Beta-1 receptors causing inotropic effects (contractility) and chronotropic effects (tachycardia)

Note: T3 does NOTE stimulate catecholamine production

Question 2

What are features seen in CML?

Answer 2

elevated leukocyte count

metamyelocytes and myelocytes (Meta<myelo></myelo>

<p>Low leukocyte alkaline phosphatase score (poor neutrophil function)</p>

<p>presence of absolute basophilia</p>

</myelo>

Question 3

If a patient had a splenectomy, what type of humoral immune response will be affected?

Answer 3

antibody mediated phagocytosis (Opsonization) and antibody mediated complement activation

Question 4

What are the AEIOUs of dialysis?

Answer 4

Acidosis (pH <7.1)

Electrolyte abnormalities (severe hypo/hyperkalemia)

Ingestion (toxic alcohols [methanol, ethylene glycol], salicylate, lithium, valproate, carbamazepine)

Overload (volume overload refractory to diuretics)

Uremia (symptomatic [encephalopathy, pericarditis, bleeding])

Question 5

When would you administer an MRI for headaches?

Answer 5

Neurologic findings (seizure, changes in consciousness, specific deficits)

Differences compared to prior headaches (change in frequency, intensity, characteristics)

Other: new at age >40, sudden onset, trauma, present on awakening

Question 6

Where is the most common place for ulnar entrapment?

Answer 6

the god damn elbow

Question 7

What are complications of ulcerative colitis?

Answer 7

toxic megacolon

primary sclerosing cholangitis

colon cancer