Medications & Solutions

Question 1

Obtaining Patient History: The perioperative nurse must now obtain the patient’s relevant history; such as:

Answer 1

• Current medications and dosages
• Medication allergies and idiosyncratic responses
• Potential interaction with other medications
• Herbal or dietary supplements
• Patient’s weight, age, and existing disease or condition

Question 2

The 6 Phases of the Medication Use Process:

Answer 2

1. Procuring
2. Prescribing
3. Transcribing/Documenting
4. Dispensing
5. Administering
6. Monitoring

Question 3

• unit-of-use versus multi-dose containers?

Answer 3

NO multi-use containers

Question 4

The 7 Rights of Medication Administration:

Answer 4

1. Right Patient
2. Right Medication
3. Right Dose
4. Right Time
5. Right Route
6. Right Indication
7. Right Documentation

Question 5

Medications that are removed from the original package and found in a secondary container without a label should be __________.

Answer 5

discarded

Question 6

Labeling Medications:

All medications and solutions on and off the sterile field must be labeled with:

Answer 6

 Medication name
 Concentration and amount of the medication or solution if not apparent from the container
 Initials of the RN preparing the medication
 Expiration date when not used within 24 hrs
 Expiration time if less than 24 hrs (applies to only a few drugs)
 Date prepared

Question 7

The following guidelines should be noted while transferring solutions:

Answer 7

• Use of sterile technique.
• Do not remove stoppers from the vials for the purpose of pouring medications.
• Use commercially available sterile transfer devices whenever possible.

Question 8

Avoid use of_____________ with autologous blood salvage units.

Answer 8

microfibrillar collagen

Question 9

Symptoms of systemic toxicity include, but are not limited to:

Answer 9

• Metallic taste
• Tinnitus
• Lightheadedness
• Visual disturbances
• Numbness of tongue and lips
• Confusion
• Tremors
• Shivering
• Generalized seizures
• Tachycardia/hypertension (initially)
• Bradycardia/hypotension (with increased toxicity)
• Ventricular arrhythmias; cardiac arrest
• Respiratory arrest

Question 10

Define:

Hypervolemia & Hyponatremia

Answer 10

Hypervolemia- An excessive volume of fluid in the vascular space. An abnormally increased volume of blood.
Hyponatremia - is reduced blood sodium concentration. An abnormally low concentration of sodium ions in circulating blood; serum sodium less than 135 mEq/L.

Question 11

AORN’s definition of moderate sedation is

Answer 11

“A minimally depressed level of consciousness that allows a surgical patient to retain the ability to independently and continuously maintain a patent airway and respond appropriately to verbal commands and physical stimulation.”

Question 12

Examples of moderate sedation agents are:

Answer 12

 Opioids (morphine sulfate, meperidine hydrochloride, fentanyl)
 Benzodiazepines (diazepam, midazolam)
 Propofol