Medications Lists 1-5 Flashcards
doxycycline brand names?
Vibramycin, Adoxa, Monodox
doxycycline common strengths?
20mg, 50mg, 75mg, 100mg, 150mg
doxycycline common frequency?
q12h
doxycycline indications/use?
Treatment of: RTI, UTI, Acne and Skin Infections, STI
doxycycline counseling/important info?
Sun-sensitivity; sunscreen/avoid tanning beds
Take w/ food to avoid upset stomach
Do NOT take w/ food containing Ca++, Fe++, Mg++, or Zn++ within 2 hrs before or after
May decrease OC effectiveness, use additional form of BC during and 1 week after last dose
amoxicillin brand name?
Amoxil
amoxicillin common strengths?
250mg, 500mg, 875mg
amoxicillin common frequency?
q8h, q12h
amoxicillin indications/use?
Treatment of: RTI, UTI, STI, Ear/Nose/Throat and Skin infections
amoxicillin counseling/important info?
May decrease OC effectiveness
Contraindicated if penicillin allergy
cephalexin brand name?
Keflex
cephalexin common strengths?
250mg, 500mg
cephalexin common frequency?
q6h, q8h
cephalexin indications/use?
Treatment of: RTI, UTI, ENT, Skin, and Bone infections
cephalexin counseling/important info?
Do NOT take vitamins/medications containing Zn++ for at least 3 hrs after dose
Contraindicated if cephalosporin allergy
Caution if penicillin allergy
azithromycin brand name?
Zithromax, Z-Pak, Tri-Pak
azithromycin common strengths?
250mg, 500mg
azithromycin common frequency?
Z-Pak: Two 250mg tabs PO on day 1, then one tab on days 2-5 (q24h)
azithromycin indications/use?
Treatment of: RTI, STI, ENT, Skin, and Eye infections
azithromycin counseling/important info?
Do NOT take with Al++ or Mg++ antacids
QTc prolongation occurs rarely
Contraindicated if macrolide allergy
ciprofloxacin brand name?
Cipro, Ciloxan
ciprofloxacin common strenghts?
250mg, 500mg, 750mg
ciprofloxacin common frequency?
q12h
ciprofloxacin indications/use?
Treatment of: STI, prostatitis, skin/bone infections, pneumonia, complicated UTI/RTI/abdominal infections
ciprofloxacin counseling/important info?
QTc prolongation occurs rarely
Do NOT take food/meds containing Ca++, Fe++ within 2 hrs before or after dose
Sun-sensitivity
May increase caffeine sensitivity
Contraindicated if fluoroquinolone allergy
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP) brand name?
Bactrim DS
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP) common strengths?
800mg/160mg
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP) common frequency?
q12h
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP) indications/use?
Treatment of: RTI, UTI, HIV-associated infections
sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP) counseling/important info?
Sun-sensitivity
Take with at least 8oz water
Contraindicated if sulfa allergy
nitrofurantoin brand name?
Macrobid, Macrodantin
nitrofurantoin common strengths?
100mg
nitrofurantoin common frequency?
q12h
nitrofurantoin indications/use?
Treatment of: UTI
nitrofurantoin counseling/important info?
Orange/brown urine is expected
Do NOT take food/meds containing Mg++ within 2 hrs before or after dose
Take with food to increase absorption
metronidazole brand name?
Flagyl
metronidazole common strengths?
250mg, 500mg
metronidazole common frequency?
q6h, q8h, q12h
metronidazole indications/use?
Treatment of: abscess, vaginosis, GI tract infections, STI
metronidazole counseling/important info?
Contraindicated: Alcohol use during and for 3 days following last dose
Metallic taste in mouth
Headache common adverse effect
fluconazole brand name?
Diflucan
fluconazole common strengths?
100mg, 150mg 200mg
fluconazole common frequency?
q24h, single dose for vaginosis
fluconazole indications/use?
Treatment of fungal infections: Mouth (thrush), Skin, Vagina, HIV-associated
fluconazole counseling/important info?
QTc prolongation occurs rarely
Report any new skin rash to the prescriber
valacyclovir brand name?
Valtrex
valacyclovir common strengths?
500mg, 1 gram
valacyclovir common frequency?
q8h, q12h, q24h
valacyclovir indications/use?
Treatment of herpes viral infections of: genitals, cold sores, shingles
valacyclovir counseling/important info?
Headache common adverse effect
Does not prevent disease transmission (avoid sex when sores are present)
Drink lots of fluids to prevent accumulation in the kidneys
ethinyl estradiol/ norgestimate brand name?
Ortho Tri-Cyclen, Tri-Sprintec, Tri-ViLibra
ethinyl estradiol/ norgestimate common strenghts?
0.035mg/0.18mg, 0.035mg/0.215mg, 0.035mg/0.25mg
ethinyl estradiol/ norgestimate common frequency?
One first phase tablet daily for 7 days, then one second phase tablet daily for 7 days, then one third phase tablet daily for 7 days, then one inactive tablet daily for 7 days.
ethinyl estradiol/ norgestimate indications/use?
Oral contraception, acne
Claim to fame: tri-phasics mimic natural menstrual cycle
Contraceptive medications counseling/important info?
Water retention (bloating, weight gain, breast tenderness)
Upset stomach/nausea
Headache
Non-FDA uses: regulation of menstrual cycle, lessen menstrual flow, reduce painful menses
Miss a dose: take ASAP or with next day’s dose; if you miss 2 or more days, refer to package directions
ethinyl estradiol medication counseling/important info?
Increased cardiovascular risk (DVT, PE, MI); not recommended for those +35 y/o, smokers, or history of stroke/blood clots
Tips: If OC not started on day 1 of menses, use additional non-drug form of contraception for first week of therapy
Take same time every day for max effectiveness
Some anti-convulsant medications may decrease effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives and/or increase chance of seizure
None of these meds protect against HIV/AIDS/STDs
ethinyl estradiol/ norethindrone/ ferrous fumarate brand name?
Loestrin Fe 1/20, Junel Fe, Microgestin Fe
ethinyl estradiol/ norethindrone/ ferrous fumarate common strengths?
0.02mg/1mg/75mg
ethinyl estradiol/ norethindrone/ ferrous fumarate common frequency?
Take one active tablet for 21 days, then one iron tablet for 7 days
ethinyl estradiol/ norethindrone/ ferrous fumarate indications/use?
Oral contraception, acne
Claim to fame: replaces iron lost during menses
ethinyl estradiol/ drospirenone brand name?
Yaz, Loryna, Jasmiel
ethinyl estradiol/ drospirenone common strengths?
0.02mg/3mg
ethinyl estradiol/ drospirenone common frequency?
Take one active tablet for 24 days, then one inactive tablet for 4 days
ethinyl estradiol/ drospirenone indications/use?
Oral contraception, acne, premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Claim to fame: only 4 inactive days means shorter menstrual periods
ethinyl estradiol/ norelgestromin brand name?
Xulane
ethinyl estradiol/ norelgestromin common strengths?
0.53mg/4.86mg
ethinyl estradiol/ norelgestromin common frequency?
Apply one new patch each week for 3 weeks then week 4 is patch free
ethinyl estradiol/ norelgestromin indications/use?
Contraception
ethinyl estradiol/ norelgestromin counseling/important info?
Same side effect profile as oral contraceptives but more common
Adhesive may cause skin rash - rotate sites
Do not cut patch
Apply to butt, upper torso, stomach, upper arm
ethinyl estradiol/ etonogestrel brand name?
NuvaRing
ethinyl estradiol/ etonogestrel common strengths?
0.015mg/0.12mg/24 hours ER
ethinyl estradiol/ etonogestrel common frequency?
Insert one ring into vagina on or before day 5 of cycle and leave in for 3 weeks, then remove on week 4 and discard
ethinyl estradiol/ etonogestrel indications/use?
Contraception
ethinyl estradiol/ etonogestrel counseling/important info?
If it falls out, rinse with cool water and re-insert within 3 hours
Don’t remove for intercourse
Ring is drug delivery device, not a barrier
medroxyprogesterone brand name?
Depo-Provera
medroxyprogesterone common strengths?
150mg/ml
medroxyprogesterone common frequency?
150mg deep IM injection in gluteal or deltoid muscle every 3 months
medroxyprogesterone indications/use?
Contraception, Endometriosis pain, abnormal uterine bleeding, amenorrhea
Claim to fame: no estrogen
medroxyprogesterone counseling/important info?
Nervousness
Administration by healthcare professional
Don’t use > 2 years due to potential bone loss
Spotting or absent menses may result
levonorgestrel (OTC) brand name?
Plan B One-Step, EContra One-Step
levonorgestrel (OTC) common strengths?
1.5mg
levonorgestrel (OTC) common frequency?
Take 1 tablet ASAP within 72 hours of unprotected sex
levonorgestrel (OTC) indications/use?
Emergency post-coital contraception
levonorgestrel (OTC) counseling/important info?
Same side effects as oral contraceptives but more common
Fatigue
No evidence of interaction w/ antibiotics
Will NOT terminate an existing pregnancy
clonazepam brand name?
Klonopin
clonazepam common strengths?
0.5mg, 1mg, 2mg
clonazepam common frequency?
QD, BID, TID, QID
clonazepam indications/use?
Panic disorder
Seizure disorders
Off label use: anxiety
clonazepam counseling/important info?
Drowsiness
Fatigue
Ataxia
Behavioral problems
alprazolam brand name?
Xanax
alprazolam common strengths?
0.25mg, 0.5mg 1mg, 2mg
alprazolam common frequency?
BID, TID, or PRN
alprazolam indications/use?
Panic disorder
Anxiety
alprazolam counseling/important info?
Confusion
Drowsiness
Excessive drowsiness with alcohol - avoid
Do NOT stop taking drug suddenly if taking routinely
cyclobenzaprine brand name?
Flexeril
cyclobenzaprine common strengths?
5mg, 10mg
cyclobenzaprine common frequency?
QD, TID, or PRN
cyclobenzaprine indications/use?
Muscle spasm
cyclobenzaprine counseling/important info?
Dry mouth (xerostomia)
Dizziness
Drowsiness
loratadine (OTC) brand name?
Claritin
loratadine (OTC) common strenghts?
5mg, 10mg
loratadine (OTC) common frequency?
QD
loratadine (OTC) indications/use?
Allergy symptoms: runny nose, watery eyes, sneezing, drainage
Acute and chronic urticaria (itching) and rash
loratadine (OTC) counseling/important info?
Headache
diphenhydramine (OTC) brand name?
Benadryl
diphenhydramine (OTC) common strengths?
12.5mg, 25mg 50mg
diphenhydramine (OTC) common frequency?
q4-6h prn for allergies
50mg PO at bedtime for sleep
diphenhydramine (OTC) indications/use?
Allergy symptoms: runny nose, watery eyes, sneezing, drainage
Insomnia
Itching
Motion sickness
diphenhydramine (OTC) counseling/important info?
Drowsiness
Alcohol intensifies drowsiness
Paradoxical hyperactivity in children
Dry mouth
fluticasone (OTC) brand name?
Flonase
fluticasone (OTC) common strengths?
50mcg
fluticasone (OTC) common frequency?
2 sprays in each nostril once daily
fluticasone (OTC) indications/use?
Chronic nasal allergy symptoms
fluticasone (OTC) counseling/important info?
Gently shake before each use
May take several days for full effect
Headache
Sore throat
montelukast brand name?
Singulair
montelukast common strengths?
4mg, 5mg, 10mg
montelukast common frequency?
QD
montelukast indications/use?
Chronic nasal allergy symptoms
Asthma
montelukast counseling/important info?
Don’t use for acute asthma attacks
Headache
Take dose in the evening to increase efficacy - airways are more relaxed
albuterol sulfate brand name?
ProAir HFA, Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA
albuterol sulfate common strengths?
90mcg
albuterol sulfate common frequency?
2 puffs PO q4-6h prn
Prevention of exercise induced asthma: 2 puffs PO 15-30 mins before exercise
albuterol sulfate indications/use?
Acute asthma symptoms
albuterol sulfate counseling/important info?
Shake well
Increased heart rate
budesonide and formoterol brand name?
Symbicort
budesonide and formoterol common strengths?
80mcg/4.5mcg, 160mcg/4.5mcg
budesonide and formoterol common frequency?
2 puffs twice daily
budesonide and formoterol indications/use?
Asthma, COPD
budesonide and formoterol counseling/important info?
Shake well
Rinse out mouth after each use to prevent oral thrush
benzonatate brand name?
Tessalon
benzonatate common strengths?
100mg, 200mg
benzonatate common frequency?
TID
benzonatate indications/use?
Cough suppressant to relieve dry cough
benzonatate counseling/important info?
Drowsiness
Do not chew (numbing and choking)
dextromethorphan (OTC) brand name?
Delsym (OTC)
dextromethorphan (OTC) common strengths?
30mg/5ml
dextromethorphan (OTC) common frequency?
q12h
dextromethorphan (OTC) indications/use?
Cough suppressant to relieve dry cough
dextromethorphan (OTC) counseling/important info?
Shake well
Potential for abuse - hallucinogen in high dose
guaifenesin (OTC) brand name?
Mucinex (OTC)
guaifenesin (OTC) common strengths?
600mg, 1200mg
guaifenesin (OTC) common frequency?
q12h
guaifenesin (OTC) indications/use?
Expectorant to loosen chest congestion
guaifenesin (OTC) counseling/important info?
Drink lots of water to thin mucus
Nausea
pseudoephedrine (BTC) brand name?
Sudafed (BTC)
pseudoephedrine (BTC) common strengths?
30mg, 120mg, 240mg
pseudoephedrine (BTC) common frequency?
60mg q4-6h prn
120mg q12h prn
240mg q24h prn
pseudoephedrine (BTC) indications/use?
Nasal decongestant
pseudoephedrine (BTC) counseling/important info?
Increased heart rate
Jitters
Insomnia
amphetamine/ dextroamphetamine (C-II) brand names?
Adderall, Adderall XR
amphetamine/ dextroamphetamine (C-II) common strengths?
5mg, 10mg, 15mg, 20mg, 25mg, 30mg
amphetamine/ dextroamphetamine (C-II) common frequency?
QD
amphetamine/ dextroamphetamine (C-II) indications/use?
ADHD, narcolepsy
amphetamine/ dextroamphetamine (C-II) counseling/important info?
Take in AM due to insomnia
Weight loss from decreased appetite
Increased heart rate
Dry mouth
Headache
methylphenidate (C-II) brand name?
Ritalin, Ritalin LA, Concerta
methylphenidate (C-II) common strengths?
Ritalin: 5mg, 10mg, 20mg
Concerta: 18mg, 27mg, 36mg, 54mg
methylphenidate (C-II) common frequency?
QD
methylphenidate (C-II) indications/use?
ADHD, narcolepsy
methylphenidate (C-II) counseling/important info?
Take in AM due to insomnia
Weight loss from decreased appetite
Increased heart rate
Dry mouth
Headache
escitalopram brand name?
Lexapro
escitalopram common strengths?
5mg, 10mg, 20mg
escitalopram common strengths?
5mg, 10mg, 20mg
escitalopram common frequency?
QD
escitalopram indications/use?
Depression, anxiety
escitalopram counseling/important info?
Headache, insomnia or drowsiness, sexual dysfunction
venlafaxine brand name?
Effexor, Effexor XR
venlafaxine common strengths?
37.5mg, 75mg, 150mg, 225mg
venlafaxine indications/use?
Depression, anxiety, panic disorder, social phobia
venlafaxine counseling/important info?
Headache
Insomnia or drowsiness
Dry mouth
Take with food if upset stomach
fluoxetine brand name?
Prozac
Sarafem
fluoxetine common strengths?
10mg, 20mg, 40mg
fluoxetine common frequency?
QD
fluoxetine indications/use?
Bipolar disorder
Bulimia nervosa
Major depressive disorder
OCD
Panic Disorder
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (Sarafem)
fluoxetine counseling/important info?
Sexual dysfunction
Anorexia
Diarrhea
Asthenia (lack of energy)
duloxetine brand name?
Cymbalta
duloxetine common strengths?
20mg, 30mg, 60mg
duloxetine common frequency?
QD
duloxetine indications/use?
Depression
Anxiety
Diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain
Chronic musculoskeletal pain (fibromyalgia)
duloxetine counseling/important info?
Insomnia or drowsiness
Take with food if upset stomach
sertraline brand name?
Zoloft
sertraline common strengths?
25mg, 50mg, 100mg
sertraline common frequency?
QD
sertraline indications/use?
Depression
Panic disorder
OCD
PTSD
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Social phobia
sertraline counseling/important info?
Headache
Insomnia > Drowsiness
Take with food if upset stomach
Sexual dysfunction
amitriptyline brand name?
Elavil
amitriptyline common strengths?
10mg, 25mg, 50mg, 75mg, 100mg, 150mg
amitriptyline common frequency?
once daily at bedtime
amitriptyline indications/use?
Depression
Non-FDA: chronic pain, migraine prevention, insomnia
amitriptyline counseling/important info?
Drowsiness
Weight gain
Constipation
trazadone brand name?
Desyrel
trazadone common strengths?
50mg, 100mg, 150mg, 300mg
trazadone common frequency?
BID, TID (depression)
50mg tab qhs (insomnia)
trazadone indications/use?
Depression
Non-FDA: insomnia
trazadone counseling/important info?
Drowsiness
Take w food to increase absorption
bupropion brand name?
Wellbutrin SR, Zyban, Wellbutrin XL
bupropion common strengths?
Wellbutrin SR/Zyban: 100mg, 150mg, 200mg
Wellbutrin XL: 150mg, 300mg
bupropion common frequency?
SR: One tab po qd for 3-7 days, then one BID
XL: One 150mg tab po qd for 3-7 days, then one 300mg tab qd
bupropion indications/use?
Wellbutrin: Depression, SAD
Zyban: Smoking cessation
aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), (OTC) brand name?
Bayer Aspirin
aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), (OTC) common strengths?
81mg, 325mg, 500mg, 650mg
aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), (OTC) common frequency?
q4-6h prn
MAX: 4000 mg/day for pain, fever, inflammation
aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), (OTC) indications/use?
Mild to moderate pain
Fever
Inflammation (e.g. arthritis, sprains)
Heart attack and stroke prevention
aspirin, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), (OTC) counseling/important info?
Stomach upset - possible bleed/ulceration
Take with food/milk
Take with water
Do not give to children </= 18 y.o. due to risk of Reye’s Syndrome
Ringing in ears with high dose
ibuprofen (OTC) brand name?
OTC: Advil, Motrin IB
Rx: Motrin
ibuprofen (OTC) common strengths?
OTC: 200mg
Rx: 400mg, 600mg, 800mg
ibuprofen (OTC) common frequency?
q4-6h prn
OTC MAX: 1200 mg/day
Rx MAX: 3200 mg/day
ibuprofen (OTC) indications/use?
Mild to moderate pain
Fever
Inflammation
NSAIDs counseling/important info?
Stomach upset - possible bleed/ulceration
Take with food or milk
Avoid if history of heart problems
naproxen sodium (OTC) brand name?
OTC: Aleve
Rx: Anaprox, Anaprox DS
naproxen sodium (OTC) common strengths?
OTC: 220mg
Rx: 275mg, DS- 550mg
naproxen sodium (OTC) common frequency?
q8-12h prn
OTC MAX: 660 mg/day
Rx MAX: 1650 mg/day
naproxen sodium (OTC) indications/use?
Mild to moderate pain
Fever
Inflammation
meloxicam brand name?
Mobic
meloxicam common strengths?
5mg, 7.5mg, 10mg, 15mg
meloxicam common frequency?
QD
Tablet MAX: 15mg/day
meloxicam indications/use?
Moderate to severe pain in adults, typically adjunct therapy with other analgesics
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
methylprednisolone brand name?
Medrol
methylprednisolone common strengths?
2mg, 4mg, 8mg, 16mg, 32mg
methylprednisolone common frequency?
QD
Dose pack: 21 tablets taken over a course of 6 days
methylprednisolone indications/use?
Inflammation
Asthma exacerbations
Poison Ivy
methylprednisolone counseling/important info?
Finish entire course
Take with food or milk to avoid upset stomach
Take earlier in day to avoid insomnia
hydrocortisone (OTC) brand name?
Ala-Cort, Anucort-HC, Instacort 5
hydrocortisone (OTC) common strenghts?
0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 2.5%
hydrocortisone (OTC) common frequency?
QD, BID
hydrocortisone (OTC) indications/use?
Topical rash and itching (external)
Inflammation
Hemorrhoids (rectal)
hydrocortisone (OTC) counseling/important info?
Localized burning
acetaminophen (APAP), (OTC) brand name?
Tylenol
acetaminophen (APAP), (OTC) common strengths?
OTC: 325mg, 500mg
acetaminophen (APAP), (OTC) common frequency?
q4-6h prn
MAX: 3000 mg/day
acetaminophen (APAP), (OTC) indications/use?
Mild to moderate pain
Fever
acetaminophen (APAP), (OTC) counseling/important info?
APAP in many OTC and Rx combo products
Do not treat hangovers with APAP due to liver toxicity
tramadol (C-IV) brand name?
Ultram
tramadol (C-IV) common strengths?
50mg
tramadol (C-IV) common frequency?
q4-6h prn
MAX: 400mg/day
tramadol (C-IV) indications/use?
Moderate pain
tramadol (C-IV) counseling/important info?
Constipation
Drowsiness
Dizziness
hydrocodone/APAP (C-II) brand name?
Norco, Vicodin, Lortab
hydrocodone/APAP (C-II) common strengths?
Norco: 5mg/325mg, 7.5mg/325mg, 10mg/325mg
Vicodin: 2.5mg/300mg, 5mg/300mg, 7.5mg/300mg, 10mg/300mg
hydrocodone/APAP (C-II) common frequency?
q4-6h prn
MAX: 3000mg APAP/day
hydrocodone/APAP (C-II) indications/use?
Moderate to severe pain
hydrocodone/APAP (C-II) counseling/important info?
Stomach upset
Constipation
Drowsiness
Consider other APAP counseling tips
oxycodone (C-II) brand name?
Oxy IR, Oxycontin
oxycodone (C-II) common strengths?
5mg, 10mg, 15mg, 20mg, 30mg, 40mg, 60mg, 80mg
oxycodone (C-II) common frequency?
BID prn
MAX: individualized
oxycodone (C-II) indications/use?
Severe pain
oxycodone (C-II) counseling/important info?
Stomach upset
Constipation
Drowsiness
Do not crush or chew CR tablets