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FCCN > Medications/Diagnoses > Flashcards

Medications/Diagnoses Flashcards

1
Q

Non selective Beta Blockers

A

Propanolol
Sotolol
Timolol

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2
Q

Beta Selective Beta Blockers

A

Metoprolol
Atenolol
Esmolol

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3
Q

Beta selective w/ Alpha Blockers

A

Labetalol
Carvedilol
Celliprolol

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4
Q

Major side effects of ACE inhibitors

A

hypotension, orthostatic hypotension
dizzy/lightheaded
dry cough
angioedema
hyperkalemia (blocks excretion of Na/H2O)

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5
Q

Major side effects of ARBs

A

hypotension, orthostatic hypotension
dizzy/lightheaded
less chance of angioedema
hyperkalemia

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6
Q

Major side effects of ARBs

A

hypotension, orthostatic hypotension
dizzy/lightheaded
less chance of angioedema
hyperkalemia

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7
Q

Major side effects of Beta Blockers

A

Bradycardia (profound)
Fatigue
Bronchospasm (for Beta 2 blockers)
Dizziness
Dry mouth
Mask shaking from Low BG

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8
Q

What are the 3 main goals of the medications commonly prescribed for HF?

A

Improve cardiac output by

  1. reducing afterload (blood pressure)
  2. slow HR (optimizing preload)
  3. optimize fluid status (preload)
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9
Q

What is Ejection Fraction?
What does and EF of 50 mean?

A

EF is the percentage of blood that leaves the ventricles during systole versus the amount of blood that remains in the heart at the end of diastole.

Essentially, it is the percentage of blood that leaves the heart

Amount of blood that leaves the heart/amount of blood that enters.

EF of 50% means that only 50% of the blood in the heart is pumped out during systole. 50% remains at the end of diastole, hence the backing up of blood and the reduction of blood to vital organs.

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10
Q

Major side effects of Aldosterone Antagonists (Spironolactone)

A

Aldosterone Antagonists block aldosterone from causing the kidneys to hold on to Na and H2O, thus causing the excretion of Na and H2O, reducing the BP. This causes an increase in serum K+. Spironolactone essentially decreases preload.

Hyperkalemia
Electrolyte abnormalities, hypovolemia
Menstrual disturbances
Breast changes

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11
Q

Major side effects of anticoagulants

A

Bleeding
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia
Renal/Hepatic failure
Decreased Vit. K production
Hyperthyroidism

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12
Q

Nursing considerations for Coumadin

A

Take med at same time every day
If miss a dose, take ASAP and notify provider
Vit. K is reversal agent
Required SERIAL INR monitoring
Eat a consistent amount of green leafy vegetables. Too much could cause INR to drop, stroke risk.

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13
Q

Reversal agent of heparin

A

Protamine sulfate

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14
Q

Major side effects of Calcium Channel Blockers

A

Constipation
Bradycardia, reduced contractility
Reduced CO

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15
Q

Major side effects of Nitrates

A

NItroglycerin

Profound hypotension
Headache

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FCCN (4 decks)

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