Medications B

Question 1

Benazepril: action

Answer 1

ACE-inhibitor.

Effect: reduction preload and afterload via vasodilation, decreased salt and water retention, decrease aldosterone and RAAS

Arteriolar dilation in kidney reduces intraglomerular pressure and filtration

Question 2

Benazepril: use (3)

Answer 2

• CHF
• Proteinuria
• Hypertension (mostly in dogs)

Question 3

Benazepril: contraindications (6)

Answer 3

• Cardiac output failure
• Hypotension
• Breeding
• Pregnancy
• Lactation
• Cats < 2,5 kg

Question 4

Benazepril: adverse reactions (4)

Answer 4

• Hypotension
• Hyperkalaemia
• Azotaemia
• GI upset

Question 5

Bethanecol: action

Answer 5

muscarinic agonist (cholinergic or parasympathomimetic) that increases urinary bladder detrusor muscle tone and contraction

Question 6

Bethanecol: use (1)

Answer 6

• urinary retention with reduced detrusor tone

Question 7

Bethanecol: contraindications (1)

Answer 7

• Urethral resistance

Question 8

Bethanecol: adverse reactions (4)

Answer 8

• GI-upset
• Anorexia
• Salivation
• Bradycardia

Question 9

Bowel cleansing solutions: action

Answer 9

Contains polyethylene glycol as an osmotic laxative + balanced electrolytes to maintain isotonicity and prevent net fluid loss or gain.

Question 10

Bowel cleansing solutions: use (2)

Answer 10

• Bowel preparation before endoscopy
• Constipation

Question 11

Bowel cleansing solutions: contra-indications (4)

Answer 11

• GI obstruction
• GI perforation
• Heavily sedated animals
• Reduced gag reflex

Question 12

Bowel cleansing solutions: adverse reactions (2)

Answer 12

• Vomiting
• Severe aspiration pneumonia if aspirated

Question 13

Bupivacaïne: action

Answer 13

Reversible blockade of sodium channel in nerve fibres

Question 14

Bupivacaïne: use (1)

Answer 14

• Local anesthesia

Question 15

Bupivacaïne: contraindications (2)

Answer 15

• Not IV
• Not with adrenaline

Question 16

Bupivacaïne: adverse reactions (1)

Answer 16

• IV: cardiac arythmias

Question 17

Buprenorphine: action

Answer 17

High affinity, low intrinsic activity and slow dissociation with opioïd-mu receptor (partial)

Question 18

Buprenorphine: use (2)

Answer 18

• Analgesia
• Antagonist full opioid agonist

Question 19

Buprenorphine: contraindications (1)

Answer 19

• In combination with full mu agonist

Question 20

Buprenorphine: adverse reactions (2)

Answer 20

• Crosses placental barriër: sedation foetusses
• Pain with injection

Question 21

Butorphanol: action

Answer 21

Analgesia resulting from affinity for the kappa opioid receptor. Mu antagonist properties.
Antitussive action: central depression of cough mechanism

Question 22

Butorphanol: use (3)

Answer 22

• Mild analgesia
• Sedation
• Antitussive

Question 23

Butorphanol: contraindications (2)

Answer 23

• Lower respiratory tract with mucus production
• premedication with potent opioids

Question 24

Butorphanol: adverse reactions (3)

Answer 24

• Respiratory depression
• Bradycardia
• Vomiting

Question 25

Butylscopolamine: action

Answer 25

Inhibits M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in GI and urinary tracts: smooth muscle relaxation.
Does not cross the blood-brain barrier

Question 26

Butylscopolamine: use (2)

Answer 26

• Control of diarrhea
• Control of pain associated with urinary obstruction

Question 27

Butylscopolamine: contraindications (1)

Answer 27

Intestinal obstruction

Question 28

Butylscopolamine: adverse reactions (5)

Answer 28

• Dry mouth
• Blurred vision
• Hesitant micturition
• Constipation
• Local reaction with IM injection