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Medications Flashcards

1
Q

5 drugs used in treatment of acute cystitis

A

nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin

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2
Q

Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid) dosing for acute uncomplicated cystitis

A

100 mg bid x 5-7 days

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3
Q

Considerations with nitrofurantoin

A

Can’t use of creatinine clearance <60 mL/min

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4
Q

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (bactrim) dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis

A

160/800 1 tablet bid x 3-7 days

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5
Q

What allergy consideration exists with bactrim?

A

Sulfa

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6
Q

Ciprofloxacin dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis?

A

500 mg bid x 3 days

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7
Q

Levofloxacin dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis?

A

500 mg qd x 3 days

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8
Q

Ofloxacin dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis?

A

200 mg bid x 3-7 days

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9
Q

Fosfomycin (Monurol) dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis?

A

single dose of 3 g in 3-4 oz of water

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10
Q

What’s our “1” dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis?

A

fosfomycin

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11
Q

What’s our “3” dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis?

A

bactrim, levofloxacin

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12
Q

What’s our “5” dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis?

A

macrobid

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13
Q

How long do we treat acute uncomplicated cystitis with beta lactams?

A

7 days

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14
Q

Name our two urinary analgesics?

A

AZO/Uristat and Pyridium

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15
Q

Azo/Uristat dosing

A

190 mg tid x 2 days

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16
Q

Pyridium dosing

A

200 mg tid x 2 days

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17
Q

How long should a patient be on urinary analgesics?

A

No more than two days

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18
Q

Four drugs used in outpatient treatment of pyelonephritis?

A

ciprofloxacin, ciprofloxacin XR, levofloxacin, TMP/SMX

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19
Q

Ciprofloxacin dosing for outpatient treatment of pyelonephritis?

A

500 mg 1 po bid x 7 days

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20
Q

Ciprofloxacin XR dosing for outpatient treatment of pyelonephritis?

A

1000 mg 1 po qd x 7 days

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21
Q

Levofloxacin dosing for outpatient treatment of pyelonephritis?

A

750 mg 1 po x 5 days

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22
Q

TMP/SMX dosing for outpatient treatment of pyelonephritis?

A

160/800 mg 1 po bic x 14 days

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23
Q

Four treatments of healthcare-associated UTI

A

ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime

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24
Q

Ciprofloxacin dosing for healthcare-associated UTI?

A

500 mg po bid

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25
Levofloxacin dosing for healthcare-associated UTI?
250-500 mg po qd
26
Ceftriaxone dosing for healthcare-associated UTI?
1 gram IV qd
27
Cefotaxime dosing for healthcare-associated UTI?
1 gram IV q 8 hours
28
How long is treatment for healthcare-associated UTI?
7-14 days, but could be longer
29
Treatment of fungal infection nosocomial UTI?
Fluconazole (Diflucan)
30
Fluconazole (Diflucan) dosing for fungal infection nosocomial UTI?
200-400 mg qd x 2 weeks
31
Drug of choice for interstitial cystitis?
Amitriptyline
32
Amitriptyline dosing for interstitial cystitis?
25 mg to 150 mg qhs
33
How does treatment for simple uncomplicated acute cystitis for men differ from women?
Always treat for 7 days
34
If you have acute cystitis with concern for prostatitis what are the drugs of choice?
ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin
35
Ciprofloxacin dosing for acute cystitis with concern for prostatitis?
500 mg 1 bid (ok to give for five days)
36
Levofloxacin dosing for acute cystitis with concern for prostatitis?
750 mg 1 qd (ok to give for five days)
37
Prostatitis outpatient drugs
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin
38
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole dosing for outpatient treatment of prostatitis?
q12 hours (up to six weeks)
39
Ciprofloxacin dosing for outpatient treatment of prostatitis?
500 mg bid
40
Levofloxacin dosing for outpatient treatment of prostatitis?
500 mg qd
41
Drugs for hospitalized/septic patients with prostatitis
Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin
42
Ciprofloxacin dosing for septic/hospitalized patients with prostatitis
400 mg IV q 12 hours
43
Levofloxacin dosing for septic/hospitalized patients with prostatitis?
500-750 mg IV q24 hours
44
Drugs used for urethritis
Ceftriaxone + Azithromycin
45
Ceftriaxone + Azithromycin treatment for urethritis
Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 dose + Azithromycin 1 gram in a single dose
46
In urethritis, what does ceftriaxone treat?
Gonorrhea
47
In urethritis, what does azithromycin treat?
Chlamydia
48
In urethritis, if patient is intolerant of Azithromycin what are other options?
Doxycycline 100 mg bid x 7 days
49
In urethritis, if patient has a cephalosporin allergy, what are other options?
Gemifloxin 320 mg PO once + Azithromycin 2 g PO once
50
In urethritis, how do you treat empirically for trichomonas?
Metronidazole 500 mg bid x 7 days
51
Drugs used for epididymitis if G/C suspected:
Ceftriaxone + Azithromycin
52
Dosing for epididymitis if G/C suspected?
Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 + Azithromycin 1 gram x 1
53
For epididymitis if G/C suspected, what can you replace Azithromycin with?
Doxycycline 100 mg bid x 7 days
54
In epididymitis and MSM, what is the treatment?
Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 + Levofloxacin 500 mg qd x 10 days (covering for coliform bacteria)
55
In epididymitis, if only coliform/enteric bacteria (after negative G/C test or recent urinary procedure) whats the drug?
Levofloxacin
56
Levofloxacin dosing pididymitis, if only coliform/enteric bacteria (after negative G/C test or recent urinary procedure)
500 mg qd x 10 days
57
Treatment of viral orchitis?
scrotal elevation, pain releif
58
Treatment of bacterial orchitis?
same drugs as epididymitis
59
Drugs for treatment of balanitis?
clotrimazole, miconazole, fluconazole
60
Clotrimazole dosing for balanitis?
1% bid x 1-2 weeks
61
Miconazole dosing for balanitis?
2% bid x 1-2 weeks
62
Adjunctive therapy used in balanitis to improving itching and irritation?
hydrocortisone cream 1%
63
If hygiene issues with balanitis what ointment is appropriate?
bacitracin
64
Medical management of Peyronie's disease
Pentoxifylline
65
Pentoxifylline dosing for Peyronie's disease
400 mg tid for up to 2 years
66
Intralesional injections for Peyronie's disease
verapamil and collagenase
67
Treatment for Fournier's gangrene?
Broad-spectrum antibiotics and surgical debridement performed EARLY; ciprofloxacin + clindamycin could be used
68
Treatment of ischemic priapism
5 mL aspirated for decompression, intracavernosal phenylephrine injected
69
Pain meds used in nephrolithiaisis
Oral Ibuprofen, IV ketorolac, IV Morphine, IV Hydromorphone
70
Oral ibuprofen dosing in pain control in nephrolithiasis
200-400 mg q 4-6 hours
71
IV Ketorolac dosing in pain control in nephrolithiasis
60 mg loading dose and then 30 mg q4-6 hours
72
IV Morphine dosing in pain control in nephrolithiasis
5-10 mg
73
IV Hydromorphone dosing in pain control in nephrolithiasis
1-2 mg IV
74
Antiemetic drugs for N/V in nephrolithiasis
IV Ondansetron (Zofran), Promethazine (Phenergan)
75
IV Ondansetron dosing for N/V in nephrolithiasis
2-4 mg
76
Promethazine (Phenergan) dosing for N/V in nephrolithiasis
25 mg IM or PO
77
Alpha-adrenergic blockers for treatment of nephrolithiasis (5-10 mm stones)
tamsulosin, terazosin, doxazosin
78
Calcium channel blockers for treatment of nephrolithiasis (5-10 mm stones)
Nifedipine XL
79
Duration of drug treatment for nephrolithiasis
4-6 weeks
80
Treatment for underlying atrophic vagina from estrogen deficiency causing OAB?
premarin vaginal cream or Estrace vaginal cream
81
premarin vaginal cream or Estrace vaginal cream dosing in underlying atrophic vagina from estrogen deficiency causing OAB?
0.5 grams twice weekly
82
Initial treatment for HTN in ADPKD
ACE inhibitors
83
Treatment of Renal Artery Thrombosis
Heparin/LMWH and Warfarin and then 3-6 months start ASA
84
INR goal for renal artery thrombosis
2.0-3.0
85
Treatment of AIN
Prenisone
86
Prednisone dosing in AIN
Prednisone 1 mg/kg per day (max of 40-60 mg per day); minimum of 1-2 weeks, then taper down if creatinine reaches normal (normally 2-3 months total)
87
Treatment of early acidosis in CIN?
Sodium barcarbonate
88
Sodium bicarbonate dosing in early acidosis in CIN?
600 mg PO tid
89
Treatment of anemia in CIN?
Erythropoiesis stimulating agent
90
SBP goal in CIN?
140
91
Anemia goal in CIN
11-12
92
Stage IV treatment in renal cell carcinoma
Immunotherapy with interleukin-2 or interferon-alpha; or orally administred antiangiogenics--Sunitinib and Sorafenib
93
Intravesicular treatment of bladder carcinoma
Mitomycin C or Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)

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