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Medications Flashcards

1
Q

5 drugs used in treatment of acute cystitis

A

nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin

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2
Q

Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid) dosing for acute uncomplicated cystitis

A

100 mg bid x 5-7 days

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3
Q

Considerations with nitrofurantoin

A

Can’t use of creatinine clearance <60 mL/min

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4
Q

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (bactrim) dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis

A

160/800 1 tablet bid x 3-7 days

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5
Q

What allergy consideration exists with bactrim?

A

Sulfa

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6
Q

Ciprofloxacin dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis?

A

500 mg bid x 3 days

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7
Q

Levofloxacin dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis?

A

500 mg qd x 3 days

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8
Q

Ofloxacin dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis?

A

200 mg bid x 3-7 days

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9
Q

Fosfomycin (Monurol) dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis?

A

single dose of 3 g in 3-4 oz of water

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10
Q

What’s our “1” dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis?

A

fosfomycin

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11
Q

What’s our “3” dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis?

A

bactrim, levofloxacin

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12
Q

What’s our “5” dosing in acute uncomplicated cystitis?

A

macrobid

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13
Q

How long do we treat acute uncomplicated cystitis with beta lactams?

A

7 days

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14
Q

Name our two urinary analgesics?

A

AZO/Uristat and Pyridium

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15
Q

Azo/Uristat dosing

A

190 mg tid x 2 days

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16
Q

Pyridium dosing

A

200 mg tid x 2 days

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17
Q

How long should a patient be on urinary analgesics?

A

No more than two days

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18
Q

Four drugs used in outpatient treatment of pyelonephritis?

A

ciprofloxacin, ciprofloxacin XR, levofloxacin, TMP/SMX

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19
Q

Ciprofloxacin dosing for outpatient treatment of pyelonephritis?

A

500 mg 1 po bid x 7 days

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20
Q

Ciprofloxacin XR dosing for outpatient treatment of pyelonephritis?

A

1000 mg 1 po qd x 7 days

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21
Q

Levofloxacin dosing for outpatient treatment of pyelonephritis?

A

750 mg 1 po x 5 days

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22
Q

TMP/SMX dosing for outpatient treatment of pyelonephritis?

A

160/800 mg 1 po bic x 14 days

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23
Q

Four treatments of healthcare-associated UTI

A

ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime

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24
Q

Ciprofloxacin dosing for healthcare-associated UTI?

A

500 mg po bid

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25
Q

Levofloxacin dosing for healthcare-associated UTI?

A

250-500 mg po qd

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26
Q

Ceftriaxone dosing for healthcare-associated UTI?

A

1 gram IV qd

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27
Q

Cefotaxime dosing for healthcare-associated UTI?

A

1 gram IV q 8 hours

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28
Q

How long is treatment for healthcare-associated UTI?

A

7-14 days, but could be longer

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29
Q

Treatment of fungal infection nosocomial UTI?

A

Fluconazole (Diflucan)

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30
Q

Fluconazole (Diflucan) dosing for fungal infection nosocomial UTI?

A

200-400 mg qd x 2 weeks

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31
Q

Drug of choice for interstitial cystitis?

A

Amitriptyline

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32
Q

Amitriptyline dosing for interstitial cystitis?

A

25 mg to 150 mg qhs

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33
Q

How does treatment for simple uncomplicated acute cystitis for men differ from women?

A

Always treat for 7 days

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34
Q

If you have acute cystitis with concern for prostatitis what are the drugs of choice?

A

ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin

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35
Q

Ciprofloxacin dosing for acute cystitis with concern for prostatitis?

A

500 mg 1 bid (ok to give for five days)

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36
Q

Levofloxacin dosing for acute cystitis with concern for prostatitis?

A

750 mg 1 qd (ok to give for five days)

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37
Q

Prostatitis outpatient drugs

A

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin

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38
Q

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole dosing for outpatient treatment of prostatitis?

A

q12 hours (up to six weeks)

39
Q

Ciprofloxacin dosing for outpatient treatment of prostatitis?

A

500 mg bid

40
Q

Levofloxacin dosing for outpatient treatment of prostatitis?

A

500 mg qd

41
Q

Drugs for hospitalized/septic patients with prostatitis

A

Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin

42
Q

Ciprofloxacin dosing for septic/hospitalized patients with prostatitis

A

400 mg IV q 12 hours

43
Q

Levofloxacin dosing for septic/hospitalized patients with prostatitis?

A

500-750 mg IV q24 hours

44
Q

Drugs used for urethritis

A

Ceftriaxone + Azithromycin

45
Q

Ceftriaxone + Azithromycin treatment for urethritis

A

Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 dose + Azithromycin 1 gram in a single dose

46
Q

In urethritis, what does ceftriaxone treat?

A

Gonorrhea

47
Q

In urethritis, what does azithromycin treat?

A

Chlamydia

48
Q

In urethritis, if patient is intolerant of Azithromycin what are other options?

A

Doxycycline 100 mg bid x 7 days

49
Q

In urethritis, if patient has a cephalosporin allergy, what are other options?

A

Gemifloxin 320 mg PO once + Azithromycin 2 g PO once

50
Q

In urethritis, how do you treat empirically for trichomonas?

A

Metronidazole 500 mg bid x 7 days

51
Q

Drugs used for epididymitis if G/C suspected:

A

Ceftriaxone + Azithromycin

52
Q

Dosing for epididymitis if G/C suspected?

A

Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 + Azithromycin 1 gram x 1

53
Q

For epididymitis if G/C suspected, what can you replace Azithromycin with?

A

Doxycycline 100 mg bid x 7 days

54
Q

In epididymitis and MSM, what is the treatment?

A

Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM x 1 + Levofloxacin 500 mg qd x 10 days (covering for coliform bacteria)

55
Q

In epididymitis, if only coliform/enteric bacteria (after negative G/C test or recent urinary procedure) whats the drug?

A

Levofloxacin

56
Q

Levofloxacin dosing pididymitis, if only coliform/enteric bacteria (after negative G/C test or recent urinary procedure)

A

500 mg qd x 10 days

57
Q

Treatment of viral orchitis?

A

scrotal elevation, pain releif

58
Q

Treatment of bacterial orchitis?

A

same drugs as epididymitis

59
Q

Drugs for treatment of balanitis?

A

clotrimazole, miconazole, fluconazole

60
Q

Clotrimazole dosing for balanitis?

A

1% bid x 1-2 weeks

61
Q

Miconazole dosing for balanitis?

A

2% bid x 1-2 weeks

62
Q

Adjunctive therapy used in balanitis to improving itching and irritation?

A

hydrocortisone cream 1%

63
Q

If hygiene issues with balanitis what ointment is appropriate?

A

bacitracin

64
Q

Medical management of Peyronie’s disease

A

Pentoxifylline

65
Q

Pentoxifylline dosing for Peyronie’s disease

A

400 mg tid for up to 2 years

66
Q

Intralesional injections for Peyronie’s disease

A

verapamil and collagenase

67
Q

Treatment for Fournier’s gangrene?

A

Broad-spectrum antibiotics and surgical debridement performed EARLY; ciprofloxacin + clindamycin could be used

68
Q

Treatment of ischemic priapism

A

5 mL aspirated for decompression, intracavernosal phenylephrine injected

69
Q

Pain meds used in nephrolithiaisis

A

Oral Ibuprofen, IV ketorolac, IV Morphine, IV Hydromorphone

70
Q

Oral ibuprofen dosing in pain control in nephrolithiasis

A

200-400 mg q 4-6 hours

71
Q

IV Ketorolac dosing in pain control in nephrolithiasis

A

60 mg loading dose and then 30 mg q4-6 hours

72
Q

IV Morphine dosing in pain control in nephrolithiasis

A

5-10 mg

73
Q

IV Hydromorphone dosing in pain control in nephrolithiasis

A

1-2 mg IV

74
Q

Antiemetic drugs for N/V in nephrolithiasis

A

IV Ondansetron (Zofran), Promethazine (Phenergan)

75
Q

IV Ondansetron dosing for N/V in nephrolithiasis

A

2-4 mg

76
Q

Promethazine (Phenergan) dosing for N/V in nephrolithiasis

A

25 mg IM or PO

77
Q

Alpha-adrenergic blockers for treatment of nephrolithiasis (5-10 mm stones)

A

tamsulosin, terazosin, doxazosin

78
Q

Calcium channel blockers for treatment of nephrolithiasis (5-10 mm stones)

A

Nifedipine XL

79
Q

Duration of drug treatment for nephrolithiasis

A

4-6 weeks

80
Q

Treatment for underlying atrophic vagina from estrogen deficiency causing OAB?

A

premarin vaginal cream or Estrace vaginal cream

81
Q

premarin vaginal cream or Estrace vaginal cream dosing in underlying atrophic vagina from estrogen deficiency causing OAB?

A

0.5 grams twice weekly

82
Q

Initial treatment for HTN in ADPKD

A

ACE inhibitors

83
Q

Treatment of Renal Artery Thrombosis

A

Heparin/LMWH and Warfarin and then 3-6 months start ASA

84
Q

INR goal for renal artery thrombosis

A

2.0-3.0

85
Q

Treatment of AIN

A

Prenisone

86
Q

Prednisone dosing in AIN

A

Prednisone 1 mg/kg per day (max of 40-60 mg per day); minimum of 1-2 weeks, then taper down if creatinine reaches normal (normally 2-3 months total)

87
Q

Treatment of early acidosis in CIN?

A

Sodium barcarbonate

88
Q

Sodium bicarbonate dosing in early acidosis in CIN?

A

600 mg PO tid

89
Q

Treatment of anemia in CIN?

A

Erythropoiesis stimulating agent

90
Q

SBP goal in CIN?

A

140

91
Q

Anemia goal in CIN

A

11-12

92
Q

Stage IV treatment in renal cell carcinoma

A

Immunotherapy with interleukin-2 or interferon-alpha; or orally administred antiangiogenics–Sunitinib and Sorafenib

93
Q

Intravesicular treatment of bladder carcinoma

A

Mitomycin C or Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)

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