Medications Flashcards
Typical antipsychotic agents (first generation, conventional)
chlorpromazine
daily dosage?
40-400 mg
Typical antipsychotic agents (first generation, conventional)
fluphenazine
daily dosage?
2.5-10mg
Typical antipsychotic agents (first generation, conventional)
haloperidol
daily dosage?
1-100 mg
Typical antipsychotic agents (first generation, conventional)
loxapine
daily dosage?
20-250 mg
Typical antipsychotic agents (first generation, conventional)
perphenazine
daily dosage?
12-64 mg
Typical antipsychotic agents (first generation, conventional)
pimozide
daily dosage?
1-10 mg
Typical antipsychotic agents (first generation, conventional)
prochlorperazine
daily dosage?
15-150 mg
Typical antipsychotic agents (first generation, conventional)
thioridazine
daily dosage?
150-800mg
Typical antipsychotic agents (first generation, conventional)
thiothixene (navane)
daily dosage?
4-40mg
Atypical antipsychotic agents (2nd generation, novel)
aripiprazole (abilify)
daily dosage?
10-30mg
Atypical antipsychotic agents (2nd generation, novel)
asenapine (saphris)
daily dosage?
10-20mg
Atypical antipsychotic agents (2nd generation, novel)
clozapine (clozaril)
daily dosage?
300-900 mg
Atypical antipsychotic agents (2nd generation, novel)
iloperidone (fanapt)
daily dosage?
12-24 mg
Atypical antipsychotic agents (2nd generation, novel)
lurasidone (latuda)
daily dosage?
40-80mg
Atypical antipsychotic agents (2nd generation, novel)
olanzapine (zyprexa)
daily dosage?
5-20mg
Atypical antipsychotic agents (2nd generation, novel)
paliperidone (invega)
daily dosage?
6-12mg
Atypical antipsychotic agents (2nd generation, novel)
quetiapine (seroquel)
daily dosage?
300-400mg
Atypical antipsychotic agents (2nd generation, novel)
risperidone (risperdal)
daily dosage?
4-8mg
Atypical antipsychotic agents (2nd generation, novel)
ziprasidone (geodon)
daily dosage?
40-160mg
Blockage of what receptors is thought to be responsible for controlling positive symptoms of schizophrenia
dopamine
dopamine blockage also results in extrapyramidal symptoms
extrapyramidal symptoms include pseudoparkinsonism, akinesia, akathisia, dystonia, oculogyric crisis. Describe each.
pseudoparkinsonism - tremor, shuffling, gait, drooling, rigidity (symptoms appear 1-5 days following antipsychotic med)
akinesia - muscular weakness
akathisia - continuous restlessness and fidgeting (occur 50-60 days following initiation of therapy)
Dystonia - involuntary muscular movements of (spasm) face, arms, legs, and neck (mostly in men 25 and younger)
Oculogyric crisis - uncontrolled rolling back of eyes
2 typical antipsychotic agents with very high risk of EPS
fluphenazine and haloperidol (haldol)
All atypicals antipsychotic agents have a rate of what for EPS
1
Which atypical antipsychotic agent has the highest rate of anti-cholinergic (drug that blocks the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the brain), weight gain and sedation?
clozapine (clozaril)
which atypical has the highest rate of weight gain?
olanzapine (zyprexa)
antiparkinsonian agents used to treat extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotic drugs. which drugs are these? chemical class? daily dosages?
Anticholinergics: benzotropine (cogentin)
1-8mg, biperiden (akineton) 2-6mg, trihexyphenidyl 1-15mg
Antihistamines: diphenhydramine (benadryl) 25-200mg
Dopaminergic agonists: amantadine 200-300 mg
common side effects for antipsychotics
anticholinergic effects: dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention; nausea; GI upset; skin rash; sedation; orthostatic hypotension; photosensitivity (wear sunblock); hormonal effects; ECG changes; reduction in seizure threshold; agranulocytosis (more common in typical than atypical w/exception of clozapine); hyper salivation; extrapyramidal symptoms; tardive dyskinesia; neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) (more common in typical)
