Medications Flashcards
What is the action of albuterol
Selective beta 2 adrenergic receptor agonist
Broncodialator and positive chronotrope
What does it mean if a drug is a positive chronotrope?
Albuteral is an example
May change the heart rate and rhythm by affecting the electrical conduction system of the heart and the nerves that influence it
Why would albuterol be a potential treatment for hyperkalemia
Paramedic shit but good to know
It causes potassium to move across cell membranes inside cells. This lowers serum ptassium concentration
What is the onset time for albuterol
What the duration of the treatment
5-15 min after inhalation
Duration of 3-4 hours
Albuterol indications?
Bronchospasms
Contraindications for albuterol
Severe tachycardia is a relative contraindication
Adverse reactions of albuterol
-Tachycardia
-Palpations
-Dysrhythmias
Drug interactions for albuterol
-Sympathomimetics may exacerbate advers cardiovascular effects
-Beta blockers may antagonize albuterol
What are sympathomimetics?
Drugs that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system
Single neb dose for albuterol and flow rates
2.5 mg in 3ml of solution at a flow rate of 6-8lpm
In the ambulance is albuterol premixed?
No, it comes premized. One dose is one little container
Continuous nebulizer dose with flow rates
Place 3 premixed containers of albuterol (2.5mg/3ml) for a total dose of 7.5mg/9ml into nebulizer and run continuous at 6-8lpm
How many times can you repeat a sigle neb dose of albuterol?
For an adult
May repeat twice for a total of 3 doses
Can you repeat a continuous neb dose?
No
Are the doseages different for albuterol in pediatrics?
No. same dose, same flow rates, same total doseages
How many times can you repeat a dose of albuterol through an MDI
2 answers
Pediatrics and adults
3 total doses for all age ranges
When would you consider an in line nebulizer treatment
CPAP or endotracheal intubation
What is the description of zofran?
Hint - Its a whole lot of fancy words and receptors
Selective seritonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist antiemetic
What is an Antiemetic?
Treats nausea and vomiting
Contraindicaitons for zofran
Hint - 1 is a fancy paramedic thing and the other one is a precaution
When can you use zofran under said precaution
- Prolonged QT interval
- Use with caution in first trimester pregnancy and should be reserved for only those patients with severe dehydration and intractable vomiting
What drug can paramedics give IV for N/V
This is only for style points
Reglan
10 extra points for being a nerd
How many times can you repeat a zofran dose for an adult?
How long after initial dose can you repeat?
Repeat once
After 10 min
What age ranges can you give 4mg of zofran PO/ODT/IV/IM?
Adult and pediatrics greater than or equal to 4 years old
Can you repeat zofran dose for pediatrics of any age?
No
Dose of zofran for pediatrics 6 moths to 4 years old?
PO/ODT/IV
2mg
If you are considering zofran for a pediatric patient <6 months what do you need to do prior to administration?
Contact base on this one
Can you give aspirin for patients already taking anticoagulants?
Yes
Dose for aspirin
324 mg PO
(4 81mg tablets)
Action of aspirin
Platelet inhibitor
It is also an analgesic and antipyretic
If a drug has analgesic properties what does that mean?
Ex - Aspirin
Relieve pain
If a drug has antipyretic properties what does that mean?
Ex - aspirin
Used to prevent or lower fevers
Diphenhydramine dose for adults
Benadryl
50 mg PO
Adverse reactions of epinephrine
- Tachycardia and tachydysrhythmia
- Hypertension
Anxiety - Potential angina pectoris
Drug interactions of epinephrine
Style points
Sodium bicarbonate
Dose of epinephrine for adult IM
Can you repeat the dose?
0.3 mg of 1:1000 solution
repeat x1
what are the 6 rights
-Drug
-documentation
-dose
-route
-time
-patient
Pediatric dose for epinephrine IM without auto injector
precise med math equation
And dirty math way
0.01mg/kg
0.15 mg for <25kg
0.3mg for >25kg
What is the concentation of epinephrine IM
1:1000
Concentration for epinephrine IV
Paramedic shit
Style points
1:10,000
Why is the IM concentraiton for Epinephrine higher than IV concentration?
Critical thinking style points
IV goes straight through the system IM is absorbed and loses potency through the process.
What are the internal dose related causes of epinephrine
(4)
- Increased HR
- Myocardial contractility and oxygen demand
- Peripheral Vasoconstriction
-Bronchodilation
