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Paramedic School 2024 > Medications > Flashcards

Medications Flashcards

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1
Q

Classes of Albuterol

A

Beta 2 Agonist
Sympathomimetic Bronchodilator

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2
Q

Mechanism of Action for Albuterol

A

Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle

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3
Q

Pharmacokinetics of Albuterol

A

onset w/I 5 to 15 minutes

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4
Q

Indications of Albuterol

A

bronchial asthma
COPD/Emphysema/Chronic Bronchitis
Crush Syndrome (greater than 4hrs)
Bronchospasm

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5
Q

Contraindication of Albuterol

A

Known Hypersensitivity
Tachydysrhythmias

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6
Q

Adverse Effects of Albuterol

A

Tachycardia
Tremors
Anxiety
Palpitations
Dry mouth
throat irritation

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7
Q

Albuterol Dosage for adults

A

2.5-5 mg via NEB

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8
Q

Albuterol dosage for Peds

A

2 yrs old/ >20 kg 2.5 mg (Atrovent 0.5mg)
< 2 yrs old/<20 kg 1.25 mg Atrovent 0.25mg)

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9
Q

Classes of Atrovent

A

Anticholinergic
Bronchodilator

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10
Q

Mechanism of action or Atrovent

A

Inhibits interaction of acetylcholine at receptor sites on bronchial smooth muscles

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11
Q

Indications of Atrovent

A

Bronchial asthma
COPD/Emphasema/Chronic Bronchitis
Anaphylaxis
Burns
Toxic Inhalation

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12
Q

Another name for Albuterol

A

Proventil and Ventolin

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13
Q

Contraindication of Atrovent

A

Known Hypersensitivity

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14
Q

Adverse Effects of Atrovent

A

Tachycardia
Nausea & Vomiting
Headache
Blurred Vision

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15
Q

Atrovent Dosage for Adults

A

0.5 mg NEB w/ 2.5 mg albuterol
(No repeat dose)

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16
Q

Atrovent dosage for PEDs

A

2 years old & > 20 kg 0.5mg w/ 2.5mg albuterol NEB
less than 2 years old or < 20 kg 0.25mg w/ 1.25mg albuterol NEB

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17
Q

Another name for Atrovent

A

Ipratropium Bromide

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18
Q

Another name for Zofran

A

Ondansetron Hydrochloride

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19
Q

Class of Zofran

A

Anti-emetic

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20
Q

Mechanism of Action of Zofran

A

Is a seletive 5-HT3 serotonin

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21
Q

Indication for zofran

A

Control & prevent nausea and vomiting

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22
Q

Contraindication for zofran

A

known hypersensitivity
prolonged qt syndrome

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23
Q

Adverse effects for zofran

A

GI symptoms
headaches, fevers, blurred visions

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24
Q

Adult dosage of zofran

A

4 mg undiluted slow IV
4mg ODT tablet dissolved in mouth

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25
Q

PEDS dosage for zofran

A

0.1 mg/kg undiluted slow IV (max 4mg)
2 or greater 4mg ODT in mouth
less than 2 2 mg ODT in mouth

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26
Q

Another name for narcan

A

Naloxone

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27
Q

Class for Narcan

A

Narcotic Antagonist

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28
Q

Mechanism of Action FOR narcan

A

Reverse all effects due to opioid agents

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29
Q

Contraindications of narcan

A

Newborn/neonates of addicted mothers

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30
Q

Adverse effects of narcan

A

None

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31
Q

Adult dosage of narcan

A

0.4mg-2.0 mg IV/IO/IM or
2mg/2mL Intranasal

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32
Q

PEDS dosage for narcan

A

0.1 mg/kg IVP/IO/IM/IN
(Max dose of up to 0.5 mg//kg may be repeated to maintain respiratory activity)

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33
Q

Another name for Solu-Medrol

A

Methylprednisone

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34
Q

Class for Solu-Medrol

A

Corticosterioid
Anti-inflammatory

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35
Q

Mechanism of actions for Solu-medrol

A

Stabilize cellular and intracellular membranes

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36
Q

Indications for Solu-Medrol

A

Allergic reaction
Anaphylaxis
Asthma
COPD

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37
Q

Contraindication of Solu-Medrol

A

Hypersensitivity
Systemic Fingal Infection
Premature Infant

38
Q

Adverse Effect of Solu-Medrol

A

None from a single dose

39
Q

Adult Dosage for Solu-Medrol

A

125 mg slow (IV,IO,IM)

40
Q

PEDS dosage for Solu-Medrol

A

2mg/kg slow
(IV,IO,IM) Max 125mg

41
Q

CLASS of Magnesium Sulfate

A

Electrolyte
Antidysrhythmic
Anticonvulsant
CNS Depressant
Smooth muscle relaxer

42
Q

Indications of Magnesium Sulfate

A

Preeclampsia/Eclampsia
-Torsades des Pointes
Refractory V-Fib
Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia
Status Asthmaticus

43
Q

Contraindications of Magnesium Sulfate

A

Myasthenia Gravis
Impaired Renal Function

44
Q

Adult Doasage for Magnesium Sulfate

A

-Eclampsia seizure
(4g diluted in 50mL NS Slow IV Infusion over 5-10min)
-Torsades Des Pointes w/ Pulse
(2g diluted in 50 mL slow IVP over 10 minutes)
-Refractory VF & Torsades Des Pointes w/o pulse
(1-2g diluted in 50 Maslow IVP over 2 min)

45
Q

PEDS dosage for Magnesium Sulfate

A

Refractory VF & Torsades Des Pointes
(25-50mg/kg diluted in 50mL slow IVP pushed over 2 minutes)

46
Q

Another name for Aspirin

A

ASA- Acetylsalicylic Acid

47
Q

Class for Aspirin

A

Antiplatlet
Antipyretic
Analgesic
Anti-Inflammatory

48
Q

mechanism of Action of aspirin

A

-Prolongs bleeding time
-Inhibits the clotting by decreasing the platelet aggregation

49
Q

Indications of aspirin

A

-Chest pains of suspected cardiac origin
-acute Coronary syndrome (with or w/o chest pains)

50
Q

Contraindication of aspirin

A

-Allergy to aspirin
-Bleeding

51
Q

Adverse effects of aspirin

A

-allergic reaction
-bleeding

52
Q

Doasage of aspirin

A

81-324mg

53
Q

Another name for benadryl

A

Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride

54
Q

Class of Benadryl

A

antihistamine

55
Q

Mechanism of action for benadryl

A

H1 receptor antagonist blocking histamine from binding

56
Q

Indication for Benadryl

A

Allergic reaction
Anaphylasix Dystonic reactions
Chemical restraint

57
Q

Contraindication for benadryl

A

Known allergy to Benadryl
Acute asthma exacerbation

58
Q

Adverse effect of benadryl

A

Drowsiness
Loss of coordination
Blurred vision
Headache
Hypotension
Tachycardia
Palpitations
Thickening of bronchial secretions

59
Q

Adult dosage of Benadryl

A

25-50mg slow IV/IO/IM

60
Q

PEDS dosage for Benadryl

A

1mh/kg slow IV,IO/IM
(Max 25 mg)

61
Q

Another name for Epinephine

A

Epi, Adrenalin

62
Q

Class for Epinephrine

A

-Adrenergic Catecholamine
-Sympathomimetic

63
Q

Mechanism of Action for
Epinephrine

A

Cause fight or flight response

64
Q

Indications for Epi

A

-Cardiac arrest
-Anaphylaxis
-Bronchial Asthma
-Respiratory strider
-Symptomatic bradycardia
-ROSC return of spontaneous circulation

65
Q

Contraindication of EPi

A

Hypertension
None in cardiac settings

66
Q

Adverse Effects in Epi

A

Tachydysrhythmis
Hypertension
Induce early labor in pregnant women
Headache
Nervousness
Tremors/shakes

67
Q

Adult Dosage for Epi

A

(Anaphylaxis Shock/Asthma)
-Severe Anaphylaxis
(0.1mg (1:10,000)slow IV/IO infusion over 5 minutes)
Adult
0.3-0.5mg(1:1,000)SQ/IM

68
Q

PEDS dosage for Epi

A

0.01mg/kg (1:1,000) SQ/IM Max single dose 0.3mg

69
Q

Another name for Lasix

A

Furosemide

70
Q

Class for lasix

A

Loop Diuretic

71
Q

Mechanism for action for lasix

A

Inhibits the reabsorbtion of sodium chloride in the look of Henle proximal of the kidneys

72
Q

Indications for lasix

A

CHF
Pulmonary edema

73
Q

Contraindication of lasix

A

Hypovelemia/dehydration
-Hypokalemia/Electrolyte depletion

74
Q

Adverse effects of lasix

A

Hypotension
Electrolyte imbalances

75
Q

Dosage for lasix

A

0.5-1mg/kg IV/IO
(40 mg if not taking lasix, 80mg/kg if taking lasix)

76
Q

Class of Morphine sulfate

A

Narcotic analgesic

77
Q

Mechanism of action for morphine sulfate

A

-Decreases pain receptors
-decreases respiratory effort
-decreases LV after load

78
Q

Indication for morphine sulfate

A

Acute MI
Burns
Isolated injuries
Pulmonary edema

79
Q

Contraindication of morphine sulfate

A

Head injury
Multiple system trauma
COPD w/ compromised respiratory effort
Sensitivity to morphine, codeine,etc.

80
Q

Adverse effect of morphine sulfate

A

-Respiratory depression
-AMS
-Nausea&vomiting
-bronchspasm
-itch

81
Q

Adult dosage for morphine sulfate

A

2-10mg slow IV/IO/IM

82
Q

PEDS dosage for morphine sulfate

A

Isolated injury
0.1mg/kg slow IV or IM (Max 10mg)

83
Q

Another name for Nitroglycerin

A

Nitrostat
Tridil

84
Q

Class for Nitro

A

Nitrate
Vasodilator

85
Q

Mechanism of action for Nitro

A

-Vasodilator effect on vein more than arteries
-Decreases right heart return (preload) by venuspooling

86
Q

Indication of Nitro

A

Treatment for Angina
CHF
Acute pulmonary edema

87
Q

Contraindication for Nitro

A

Hypersensitivity
PEDS under 12
Viagra w/i the last 24 hrs
Cialis w/i the last 48 hrs
Asymptomatic hypertension
BP below 90 systolic
Right side MI

88
Q

Adverse effect of Nitro

A

Headache
Hypotension
Nausea and vomiting
Dizziness
Decreased LOC

89
Q

Adult dosage for Nitro

A

Chest Pains-0.4mg SL administered every 3-5 minutes
Pulmonary Edema/CHF- low dose 0.4mg SLx3 doses
Nitro paste 1 inch applied to chest wall

90
Q
A

Paramedic School 2024 (4 decks)

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