Medications

Question 1

Metoclopramide dosing for aspiration prophylaxis?

Answer 1

10 mg IV

Question 2

Onset of action and duration for IV metoclopramide?

Answer 2

Onset 1-3 min. Duration of 1-2 hrs

Question 3

Risks of metoclopramide? Who gets extrapyramidal symptoms?

Answer 3

Concern for possible hypotension, tachycardia, prolonged QT, and extrapyramidal effects (Dystonic reaction, akathisia, parkinsonism, Tardive dyskinesia) - Extrapyramidal think old female, renal impairment, DM, patient on fluoxetine. Akathisia if rapid IV addministration over 2 minutes.

Question 4

Dosing for famotidine for aspiration prophylaxis? Onset and duration of action?

Answer 4

20 mg famotidine. Onset 30 min IV. Works for 10-12 hrs

Question 5

Midazolam onset and duration?

Answer 5

2 min IV onset. Lasts 1-2 hrs.

Question 6

Mechanism of action of albuterol?

Answer 6

activates B2 receptors on bronchial smooth muscle cells, stimulating adenylate cyclase to increase intracellular cAMP levels, which leads to bronchiolar smooth muscle relaxation

Question 7

Side effects of halothane?

Answer 7

Causes myocardial depression and is dysrhythmogenic

Question 8

How does ketamine cause bronchodilation?

Answer 8

Through neural mechanisms ans release of catecholamines

Question 9

How do inhaled anesthetics cause bronchodilation?

Answer 9

Direct effects on bronchial epithelium and airway smooth muscles decreasing intracellular calcium

Question 10

Mechanism of action of sodium nitroprusside?

Answer 10

Vasodilator through Nitric Oxide

Question 11

Side effect of sodium nitroprusside? Treatment?

Answer 11

Cyanide Toxicity

Sodium Thiosulfate, Amyl Nitrate, Sodium Nitrate, Hydroxycobalamin