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Medications for cardioresp > medications > Flashcards

medications Flashcards

1
Q

Paracetamol

A

Analgesic

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2
Q

Aspirin

A

NSAID: analgesic. Used for anti-platelet properties as a blood thinner. high risk in patients at a high risk of falls.

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3
Q

ibuprofen

A

NSAID analgesic

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4
Q

naproxen

A

NSAID analgesics

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5
Q

OPIOIDS

A

Analgesics

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6
Q

OXYCODONE HYDROCHLORIDE

A

Analgesics

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7
Q

Endone

A

Short acting oxycodone hydrochloride- opioid analgesic. Short acting and kicks in within 30 mins. “breakthrough” pain control

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8
Q

Oxycontin/targin

A

Long acting. Kicks in within 60 mins. continuous pain control

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9
Q

Tramadol

A

synthetic opioid- analgesic. mod-severe pain. short term relief

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10
Q

MS contin

A

Slow release morphine- analgesics. severe ongoing pain such as cancer

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11
Q

Tapentadol

A

opioid analgesic. mod-severe pain

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12
Q

Panadeine forte

A

Analgesic- w/ paracetamol + codeine sulphate. Mod-severe pain

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13
Q

fentanyl

A

rapid-acting opioids (synthetic) analgesics. very strong. patches

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14
Q

Norspan/buprenorphine

A

opioid. analgesic

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15
Q

Indications for Diuretics

A

fluid overload, congestive heart failure, high blood pressure

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16
Q

Frusemide (lasix)

A

Diuretic

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17
Q

spironolactone (spiractin, aldactone)

A

Diuretic. reduce swelling from liver disease. treatfluid buildup.

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18
Q

Amiloride (Hydrene)

A

Diuretic. Treat BP and swelling

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19
Q

Bumetanide (bumex)

A

Diuretic. oedema

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20
Q

How does Diuretics work?

A

inhibits kidneys from absorbing sodium -> sodium gets secreted and so does water (osmosis) -> reduced fluid volume -> less strain on cardiac muscles.

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21
Q

Adverse effects of diuretics

A

reduction in BP (hypotension)
Fluid depletion
Electrolyte imbalance
falls risk

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22
Q

What are anti-hypertensives

A

drugs to treat high blood pressure. Through:
reducing cardiac output
reduce vasoconstriction
increase vasodilation

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23
Q

Beta blockers (-olol drugs)

A

Anti-hypertensives: manage abnormal heart rhythms, treat angina, reduce blood pressure. blocks effects of ephinephrine (adrenaline) -> heart beats slower w/ less force. widen veins and arteries to improve blood flow.

24
Q

sotalol

A

Beta-blockers: anti-hypertensives. Anti-arrhthmics. Treat atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias.

25
Q

atenolol

A

Anti-hypertensive beta-blockers. Treat high blood pressure

26
Q

metropolol

A

Anti-hypertensive beta-blockers. treat high blood pressure

27
Q

bisoprolol

A

anti-hypertensive beta-blocker. treat high blood pressure.

28
Q

carvedilol

A

anti-hypertensive beta-blocker. treat heart failure

29
Q

adverse effects of beta-blockers

A

hypotension, fatigue, cold hands, bradycardia (slow heart), vivid dreams. HR will not rise as much with exercise

30
Q

ACE inhibitors (-pril drugs)

A

Anti-hypertensives. Prevents ACE-induced vasoconstriction -> reduces resistance of blood floe through vascular system by preventing formation of angiotensin II- narrows blood vessels. preventing production of angiotensin II

31
Q

Captopril

A

ACE-inhibitor, antihypertensive. Treat heart failure and hypertension

32
Q

Monopril/fisonopril

A

ACE-inhibitor anti-hypertensive. treat hypertension and heart failure.

33
Q

ramipril

A

ACE-inhibitor anti-hypertensive. treat hypertension, heart failure, kidney problems

34
Q

adverse effects of ACE-inhibitors

A

fatigue, hypotension, dry cough. effectiveness may be reduced by using NSAIDS for long term

35
Q

Angiotensin receptor blockers(ARBS) “-sartan” drugs

A

prevents angiotensin-induced vasoconstriction. the diff between ACE and ARBS is that ARBS reduces the effects of angiotensin whereas ACE reduces the production of them.

36
Q

Olmesartan

A

ARBs anti-hypertensives. treat hypertension, heart failure and diabetic kidney disease.

37
Q

Telmesartan

A

ARBS- anti-hypertensives

38
Q

side effects of ARBs

A

Headache, dizziness, weakness, fatigue, stuffy nose

39
Q

Calcium channel blockers

A

anti-hypertensives
reduce contractility of cardiac muscle -> reduce cardiac output.
reduce contraction of arterial walls

40
Q

adverse effects of calcium channel blockers

A

hypotension, constipation, peripheral oedema, drowsiness

41
Q

Verapamil

A

calcium channel blocker. anti-hypertensive. treat high blood pressure and control angina (reduced blood flow to the heart). prevent + treat irregular heart beats.

42
Q

amlodipine

A

calcium channel blockers. anti-hypertensive. treat CAD, relaxes blood vessels so heart doesn’t need to pump as hard.

43
Q

GTN (glyceryl trinitrate)

A

Anti-hypertensive. relaxes vascular smooth muslce -> reduces vasoconstriction. chest pain from angina.

44
Q

Antihypertensives that target vascular resistance

A

Calcium channel blockers
ACE inhibitors
GTN
ARBs

45
Q

Anti-hypertensives that target cardiac output

A

beta blockers

calcium channel blockers

46
Q

Anti-arrhythmics

A

control abnormal heart rhythms -> common reduce high HR

47
Q

adverse effects if anti-arrhythmics

A

bradycardia, hypotension (reduced cardiac output)

48
Q

Digoxin

A

anti-arrhthmics. atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and heart failure.
adverse effects- headache, drowsiness, GI upset

49
Q

amiodarone

A

Anti-arrhthmics. Prevents and treats many types of cardiac dysrrhythmias: ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, and wide complex tachycardia, as well as atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
adverse effects: liver + thyroid disturbance, nausea, headache, light sensitivity.

50
Q

Anti-coagulants

A

Inhibit production of clotting factors -> prevent arterial clot formation: ->
Reduced risk of DVT/ PE/ Stroke.
potential for increased bleeding -> H`igh risk in patients who fall.

51
Q

Warfarin

A

Anti-coagulant: requires regular monitoring of INR (international normalised ratio)
INR more than 4.5 = increased risk of haemmorrhage
INR less than 2.0 = increased risk of thromboembolism
interacts with lots of medications (antibiotics, cardiac medications, anti-depressants)

52
Q

Heparin

A

Anti-coagulant

53
Q

clexane

A

anti-coagulant

54
Q

apixaban

A

anti-coagulant

55
Q

Bronchodilators

A

Medications for cardioresp (1 decks)

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