Medication Side Effects

Question 1

Side effects of K+ sparing diuretics i.e. aldosterone antagonists (Spironolactone or Epleronone)

Answer 1

1. Hyperkalaemia
2. AKI
3. Gynaecomastia

Question 2

Ciclosporin - 5 SE

Answer 2

nephrotoxicity
hepatotoxicity
hypertension
hyperkalaemia
gingival hyperplasia

• 2 organ toxicities, 2 hypers and gum disease

Question 3

SE sildenafil (viagra)

Answer 3

visual disturbances - blue discoloration and ischaemic neuropathy

Question 4

SE SSRIs

Answer 4

GI disturbance

Question 5

SE PPIs

Answer 5

hypomagnesaemia

Question 6

SE phenytoin

Answer 6

Dupuyten’s contracture

Question 7

2 SE metformin

Answer 7

1. diarrhoea and abdo pain
2. lactic acidosis

Question 8

SE methotrextae

Answer 8

Mucositis (painful aphthuous ulcers)

Question 9

Diabetic medications causing weight gain/loss/neutral

Answer 9

weight gain - insulin, sulphonylureas (gliclazide), pioglitazone

weight loss - GLP1 mimetics (exenatide) and SGLT2 inhibitors (gliflozins)

weight neutral - metformin, DPP4 inhibitors

Question 10

SE digoxin

Answer 10

yellow-green vision

Question 11

SE Hydroxychloroquine

Answer 11

severe and permanent retinopathy

Question 12

SE topical corticosteriods

Answer 12

patchy skin depigmentation in dark skin

Question 13

SE of beta blockers

Answer 13

Erectile Dysfunction

Question 14

Medications causing prolongation of QR interval

Answer 14

Amiodarone
Erythromycin

Question 15

2 SE’s of ACEi’s

Answer 15

Cough
Hyperkalaemia

Question 16

Metabolic Side effects of Loop diuretics

Answer 16

hypokalemia (U waves on ECG)
hyponatraemia
hypomagnesaemia
hypocalcaemia

Question 17

4 side effects of clozapine

Answer 17

1. agranulocytosis
2. intestinal obstruction (reduced peristalsis) -> constipation
3. weight gain
4. diabetes + heart conditions