Medication-Calc Flashcards
How many mL of 0.5% bupivacaine (5 mg/mL) are needed to administer 20 mg?
A. 2 mL
B. 4 mL
C. 6 mL
D. 8 mL
Answer:
B. 4 mL
Rationale:
Set up the proportion:
1mL/5mg=xmL/20mg
Cross multiply:
x=20mg×(1mL/5mg)
Simplify:
x=4mL
You need to administer 30 mg of 1% lidocaine (10 mg/mL). How many mL will you draw up?
A. 2 mL
B. 3 mL
C. 4 mL
D. 5 mL
Answer:
B. 3 mL
Rationale:
Set up the proportion:
1mL/10mg=xmL/30mg
Cross multiply:
x=30mg×(1mL/10mg)
Simplify:
x=3mL
How many mL of 0.25% bupivacaine are required to deliver a total dose of 15 mg?
A. 4 mL
B. 5 mL
C. 6 mL
D. 7 mL
Answer:
C. 6 mL
Rationale:
Set up the proportion:
1mL/2.5mg=xmL/15mg
Cross multiply:
x=15mg×(1mL/2.5mg)
Simplify:
x=6mL
You have ephedrine in a vial labeled 50 mg/mL. You need to prepare a syringe containing 10 mg/mL. How much ephedrine and diluent will you need?
Options:
A. 0.5 mL ephedrine + 4.5 mL diluent
B. 1 mL ephedrine + 9 mL diluent
C. 1 mL ephedrine + 4 mL diluent
D. 0.2 mL ephedrine + 4.8 mL diluent
Correct Answer: C. 1 mL ephedrine + 4 mL diluent
You are preparing remifentanil from a vial containing 1 mg powder to make a solution with a concentration of 50 mcg/mL. How much diluent will you add?
Options:
A. 10 mL
B. 20 mL
C. 30 mL
D. 50 mL
Correct Answer: B. 20 mL
You have ketamine labeled 500 mg in 5 mL. You want to prepare a syringe with 10 mg/mL. How much ketamine will you withdraw from the vial, and how much diluent will you add?
Options:
A. 1 mL ketamine + 9 mL diluent
B. 2 mL ketamine + 8 mL diluent
C. 1 mL ketamine + 4 mL diluent
D. 0.5 mL ketamine + 9.5 mL diluent
Correct Answer: A. 1 mL ketamine + 9 mL diluent
You are asked to prepare epinephrine from a 1:1,000 solution. After a double-dilution (adding 9mL of diluent twice), what is the final concentration of epinephrine?
Options:
A. 100 mcg/mL
B. 10 mcg/mL
C. 1 mcg/mL
D. 0.1 mcg/mL
Correct Answer: B. 10 mcg/mL
1000mcg/mL / 10 => 100mcg/mL => divide by 10 => 10mcg/mL
You are preparing a 50 mL syringe containing bupivacaine 0.125% (1.25 mg/mL) and fentanyl 5 mcg/mL. The available stock concentrations are:
Bupivacaine stock: 0.5% Fentanyl stock: 50 mcg/mL
How much bupivacaine, fentanyl, and diluent will you need?
Options:
A. 12.5 mL bupivacaine, 5 mL fentanyl, 32.5 mL diluent
B. 10 mL bupivacaine, 5 mL fentanyl, 35 mL diluent
C. 25 mL bupivacaine, 10 mL fentanyl, 15 mL diluent
D. 20 mL bupivacaine, 10 mL fentanyl, 20 mL diluent
Correct Answer: A. 12.5 mL bupivacaine, 5 mL fentanyl, 32.5 mL diluent
You are preparing a 30 mL syringe containing bupivacaine 0.0625% (0.625 mg/mL) and fentanyl 2 mcg/mL. The available stock concentrations are:
Bupivacaine stock: 0.25% (2.5 mg/mL)
Fentanyl stock: 50 mcg/mL
How much bupivacaine, fentanyl, and diluent will you need?
Correct Answer: B. 7.5 mL bupivacaine, 1.2 mL fentanyl, 21.25 mL diluent
You are preparing a 20 mL syringe containing bupivacaine 0.125% and fentanyl 5 mcg/mL. The available stock concentrations are:
Bupivacaine stock: 0.5%
Fentanyl stock: 50 mcg/mL
How much bupivacaine, fentanyl, and diluent will you need?
Options:
A. 2.5 mL bupivacaine, 1 mL fentanyl, 16.5 mL diluent
B. 5 mL bupivacaine, 2 mL fentanyl, 13 mL diluent
C. 5 mL bupivacaine, 2 mL fentanyl, 13.5 mL diluent
D. 4 mL bupivacaine, 1 mL fentanyl, 15 mL diluent
Correct: B. 5 mL bupivacaine, 2 mL fentanyl, 13 mL diluent
A 250 mL bag contains lidocaine 2 grams. What is the dose (in mg/min) delivered at:
15 mL/hr
30 mL/hr
60 mL/hr
Options:
A. 2 mg/min, 4 mg/min, 8 mg/min
B. 1 mg/min, 2 mg/min, 4 mg/min
C. 4 mg/min, 8 mg/min, 16 mg/min
D. 3 mg/min, 6 mg/min, 12 mg/min
Correct Answer: A. 2 mg/min, 4 mg/min, 8 mg/min
A 250 mL bag contains epinephrine 5 mg. What is the dose (in mcg/min) delivered at:
15 mL/hr
30 mL/hr
45 mL/hr
Options:
A. 5 mcg/min, 10 mcg/min, 20 mcg/min
B. 10 mcg/min, 20 mcg/min, 40 mcg/min
C. 5 mcg/min, 10 mcg/min, 12.5 mcg/min
D. 6 mcg/min, 12 mcg/min, 24 mcg/min
C. 5 mcg/min, 10 mcg/min, 12.5 mcg/min
You have a 250 mL bag containing dopamine 800 mg. What rate (in mL/hr) would you set to deliver 10 mcg/kg/min to a 70 kg patient?
Options:
A. 15.75 mL/hr
B. 13.13 mL/hr
C. 2.5 mL/hr
D. 20.1 mL/hr
Correct Answer: B. 13.13 mL/hr
15 mL/hr will deliver 800 mcg/min.. given our patients weight of 70kg we need a rate of 700mcg/min so we would need a slightly slower rate. 13.13mL/hr is the only one that makes sense.. you can do the math. (mental tho)
A solution labeled as 1:50,000 contains how many micrograms per milliliter?
Options:
A. 10 mcg/mL
B. 50 mcg/mL
C. 20 mcg/mL
D. 100 mcg/mL
Correct Answer: B. 20 mcg/mL
How many milligrams per milliliter are in a 0.5% solution?
Options:
A. 5 mg/mL
B. 0.5 mg/mL
C. 50 mg/mL
D. 2 mg/mL
Correct Answer: A. 5 mg/mL
A solution labeled as 1:200,000 contains how many milligrams per milliliter?
Options:
A. 0.01 mg/mL
B. 0.005 mg/mL
C. 0.5 mg/mL
D. 5 mg/mL
Correct Answer: B. 0.005 mg/mL or 5mcg/mL
A patient weighs 176 pounds. Using Pilchak’s No-Math Rule, what is the patient’s weight in kilograms?
Options:
A. 60 kg
B. 70 kg
C. 80 kg
D. 90 kg
Answer: “Take half the weight in pounds, then subtract another 10%.”
round up to 180 for easy mental math.. half is 90 - 10% which is 9 so 90 - 9 = 81.. closest answer is 80kg
176/2.2 = 80 so not bad.
What is the mean arterial pressure (MAP) for a patient with a blood pressure of 150/90, using the first formula? Use the simple mental math formula
Options:
A. 100 mmHg
B. 110 mmHg
C. 120 mmHg
D. 130 mmHg
Correct Answer: B. 110 mmHg
Rationale: systolic - diastolic / 3 + diastolic = MAP
so 150-90 => 60 => 60/3 => 20 => 20 + 90 => 110mmHg
Using the alternative MAP calculation, what is the MAP for a blood pressure of 140/80?
Options:
A. 100 mmHg
B. 105 mmHg
C. 110 mmHg
D. 120 mmHg
Correct Answer: A. 100 mmHg
140- 80 => 60 => 60/3 => 20 => 20 + 80 => 100mmHg
Which of the following drugs is dosed based on Ideal Body Weight (IBW)?
Options: A. Fentanyl
B. Propofol (induction)
C. Midazolam
D. Succinylcholine
Correct Answer: B. Propofol (induction)
Rationale:
Drugs such as propofol (induction), rocuronium, vecuronium, cisatracurium, and remifentanil are dosed based on IBW to avoid overdosing based on actual weight in patients with excess adipose tissue.
Which of the following drugs is dosed based on Actual Body Weight (ABW)?
Options:
A. Thiopental
B. Rocuronium
C. Cisatracurium
D. Remifentanil
Correct Answer: A. Thiopental
Rationale:
Drugs such as fentanyl, sufentanil, thiopental, and midazolam are dosed based on ABW because their distribution is influenced by total body mass.
For which weight type is Tidal Volume (VT) calculated to prevent ventilator-associated lung injury?
Options:
A. Actual Body Weight (ABW)
B. IBW
C. Total Body Weight (TBW)
D. Lean Body Weight (LBW)
Correct Answer: B. IBW
Rationale:
Tidal volume is calculated using IBW to ensure appropriate lung volumes are delivered without overdistending the lungs.
What is the IBW of a male who is 6’2’’ tall (74 inches)?
Options:
A. 180 lbs
B. 175 lbs
C. 189 lbs
D. 183 lbs
Correct Answer: C. 189 lbs
Rationale:
Use the formula:
IBW=105lbs+6lbsperinchover5ft(60inches). For males
Height above 60 inches = 74 - 60 = 14 inches.
IBW=105+(6×14)=105+84=189lbs.
Calculate the IBW in kilograms for a female who is 5’7’’ tall using the Devine formula.
Options:
A. 60 kg
B. 61.6 kg
C. 68 kg
D. 70 kg
Correct Answer: B. 61.6 kg
Rationale:
Use the formula:
IBW(female)=45.5kg+(2.3×inchesover5ft).
Height above 5 ft = 7 inches.
IBW=45.5+(2.3×7)=45.5+16.1=61.6kg.
Calculate the IBW of a male who is 180 cm tall using the formula:
Options:
A. 70 kg
B. 75 kg
C. 80 kg
D. 85 kg
Correct Answer: B. 80 kg
Rationale:
Using the formula:
IBW(male)=Heightincm−10
IBW=180−100=80kg.
Calculate the IBW of a female who is 165 cm tall
Options:
A. 55 kg
B. 58 kg
C. 60 kg
D. 65 kg
Correct Answer: A. 55 kg
Rationale:
Using the formula (FEMALE):
IBW= Heightincm − 105
IBW=165−105=55kg.
Using the Devine formula, calculate the IBW for a male who is 5’11’’ tall.
Options:
A. 70 kg
B. 72 kg
C. 75 kg
D. 76 kg
Correct Answer: C. 75 kg
Rationale:
Use the formula:
IBW(male)=50kg+(2.3×inchesover5ft).
Height above 5 ft = 11 inches.
IBW=50+(2.3×11)=50+25.3=75.3kg(roundedto75kg).
calculate the IBW for a woman who is 155 cm tall.
Options:
A. 45 kg
B. 48 kg
C. 50 kg
D. 53 kg
Correct Answer: B. 50 kg
Rationale:
Using the formula:
IBW(female)
IBW=Heightincm−105
IBW=155−105=50kg.
If a male patient’s IBW is 70 kg, calculate his LBW
Options:
A. 85 kg
B. 91 kg
C. 100 kg
D. 110 kg
Correct Answer: B. 91 kg
Rationale:
Using the formula:
LBW=IBW×1.3=70×1.3=91kg.
Formula from nagelhout
other formula is LBW=IBW+0.2(ActBW−IBW)
If a female patient’s IBW is 55 kg and her actual body weight is 80 kg, calculate her LBW given that you know her actual weightOptions:
A. 60 kg
B. 65 kg
C. 70 kg
D. 75 kg:
Correct Answer: A. 60 kg
Rationale:
Using the formula:
LBW=IBW+0.2(ActBW−IBW)=55+0.2(80−55)
LBW=55+0.2(25)=55+5=60kg.
or Nagelhout which is 1.3 X IBW => 55 x 1.3 => 71.5kg (I think this all makes more sense if they are obese)
A male patient has an IBW of 75 kg and an actual body weight of 120 kg. Calculate his LBW:
Options:
A. 84 kg
B. 90 kg
C. 95 kg
D. 100 kg
Correct Answer: A. 84 kg
Rationale:
Using the formula:
LBW=IBW+0.2(ActBW−IBW)=75+0.2(120−75)
LBW=75+0.2(45)=75+9=84kg.
If a female patient’s IBW is 50 kg, calculate her LBW
Options:
A. 62.5 kg
B. 65 kg
C. 67.5 kg
D. 70 kg
Correct Answer: C. 65 kg
Rationale:
Using the formula:
LBW=IBW×1.3=50×1.3=65kg.
What is the percent oxygen when 3 L/min oxygen and 2 L/min air are flowing?
Options:
A. 70%
B. 65.5%
C. 60%
D. 75%
Answer: A. 70%
Rationale:
The calculation uses the
formula:
O2=3000mL+(0.21×2000mL) = > 3000+420 = 3420mL
The total FGF is:
3420mL/5000mL = 0.684 about 70%
What percent oxygen is inspired when the total FGF is 1 L/min O2 and 3 L/min air?
Options:
A. 50%
B. 33%
C. 25%
D. 40%
Answer: D 40%
1L + (0.21 x 3L) => 1.3L/4L => 0.4075 => 40%
An oxygen tank pressure gauge reads 300 psi. How long will the tank last at an O2 flow of 2 L/min?
Options:
A. 44 minutes
B. 49 minutes
C. 33 minutes
D. 55 minutes
Answer:
B. 49 minutes
remember 660L/ 2000psi
so xL/ 300 psi = 660L / 2000psi
cross multiply by 300psi to isolate the xL. This give you 99L @ 300psi if the rate is 2L/min then you would have about 49.5 mins left.
What is the maintenance fluid rate for a 25 kg pediatric patient?
Options:
A. 60 mL/hr
B. 55 mL/hr
C. 65 mL/hr
D. 70 mL/hr
C. 65 mL/hr
answer: 4-2-1 rule
Totalrate=40+20+5=65mL/hr
easier method.. weight in Kg plus 40 so 25 + 40 = 65mL/hr
How much NPO fluid replacement does a 70 kg adult patient require for 6 hours of fasting?
Options:
A. 560 mL
B. 700 mL
C. 960 mL
D. 660 mL
Answer:
D. 660 mL
weight + 40 x ( # hours NPO)
(70 + 40) x 6 => 660mL
What is the predicted internal diameter (ID) of an uncuffed endotracheal tube for a 6-year-old child?
Options:
A. 4.5 mm
B. 5.0 mm
C. 5.5 mm
D. 6.0 mm
Correct Answer: C. 5.5 mm
Rationale:
Using the formula for uncuffed tubes: (age + 16) / 4
so (6 +16) / 4 => 5.5mm
For a 4-year-old child, calculate the lip line marking for an endotracheal tube.
Options:
A. 14 cm
B. 15 cm
C. 16 cm
D. 17 cm
Anwer: A. 14cm
lipe line = (age/ 2) + 12
(4/2) + 12
Question 21:
What is the approximate dose of vecuronium for a 70 kg patient?
Options:
A. 3.5 mg
B. 7 mg
C. 14 mg
D. 42 mg
Correct Answer: B. 7 mg
Rationale:
Vecuronium is dosed at 0.1 mg/kg. For a 70 kg patient:
70kg×0.1mg/kg=7mg
A reasonable spinal dose of bupivacaine (0.75%) for a T10 block is:
Options:
A. 1.6 mL
B. 0.8 mL
C. 2.0 mL
D. 1.2 mL
Correct Answer: A. 1.6 mL
Rationale:
Bupivacaine 0.75% contains 7.5 mg/mL. For a dose of 12 mg, the volume required is: 1.6mL
What volume of lidocaine 5% is required to achieve a dose of 50 mg?
Options:
A. 1.0 mL
B. 1.2 mL
C. 1.4 mL
D. 0.8 mL
Answer: A or B … 1- 1.2mL of lidocaine is a reasonable dose.. about 50mg.
For a lumbar epidural placement, what volume of local anesthetic is required to achieve a T4 level in an average-sized patient?
Options:
A. 10 mL
B. 15 mL
C. 20 mL
D. 25 mL
Correct Answer: C. 20 mL
Rationale:
The general rule is:
10 mL produces a T7 to T9 level.
20 mL produces a T4 level.
What is the approximate dose of rocuronium for a 70 kg patient?
Options:
A. 21 mg
B. 35 mg
C. 42 mg
D. 70 mg
Correct Answer: C. 42 mg
Rationale:
Rocuronium is dosed at 0.6 mg/kg. For a 70 kg patient:
70kg×0.6mg/kg=42mg
Know your drug doses for an average weight person 70kg.. so if you are way off you might think hmm, I’m a dumbass and not calculating this correctly.
