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Principles 2 A > Medication-Calc > Flashcards

Medication-Calc Flashcards

1
Q

How many mL of 0.5% bupivacaine (5 mg/mL) are needed to administer 20 mg?

A. 2 mL
B. 4 mL
C. 6 mL
D. 8 mL

A

Answer:
B. 4 mL

Rationale:
Set up the proportion:

1mL/5mg=xmL/20mg
Cross multiply:

x=20mg×(1mL/5mg)
Simplify:

x=4mL

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2
Q

You need to administer 30 mg of 1% lidocaine (10 mg/mL). How many mL will you draw up?

A. 2 mL
B. 3 mL
C. 4 mL
D. 5 mL

A

Answer:
B. 3 mL

Rationale:
Set up the proportion:
1mL/10mg=xmL/30mg

Cross multiply:

x=30mg×(1mL/10mg)

Simplify:

x=3mL

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3
Q

How many mL of 0.25% bupivacaine are required to deliver a total dose of 15 mg?

A. 4 mL
B. 5 mL
C. 6 mL
D. 7 mL

A

Answer:
C. 6 mL

Rationale:
Set up the proportion:

1mL/2.5mg=xmL/15mg
Cross multiply:

x=15mg×(1mL/2.5mg)
Simplify:

x=6mL

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4
Q

You have ephedrine in a vial labeled 50 mg/mL. You need to prepare a syringe containing 10 mg/mL. How much ephedrine and diluent will you need?

Options:
A. 0.5 mL ephedrine + 4.5 mL diluent
B. 1 mL ephedrine + 9 mL diluent
C. 1 mL ephedrine + 4 mL diluent
D. 0.2 mL ephedrine + 4.8 mL diluent

A

 Correct Answer: C. 1 mL ephedrine + 4 mL diluent

​

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5
Q

You are preparing remifentanil from a vial containing 1 mg powder to make a solution with a concentration of 50 mcg/mL. How much diluent will you add?

Options:
A. 10 mL
B. 20 mL
C. 30 mL
D. 50 mL

A

Correct Answer: B. 20 mL

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6
Q

You have ketamine labeled 500 mg in 5 mL. You want to prepare a syringe with 10 mg/mL. How much ketamine will you withdraw from the vial, and how much diluent will you add?

Options:
A. 1 mL ketamine + 9 mL diluent
B. 2 mL ketamine + 8 mL diluent
C. 1 mL ketamine + 4 mL diluent
D. 0.5 mL ketamine + 9.5 mL diluent

A

Correct Answer: A. 1 mL ketamine + 9 mL diluent

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7
Q

You are asked to prepare epinephrine from a 1:1,000 solution. After a double-dilution (adding 9mL of diluent twice), what is the final concentration of epinephrine?

Options:
A. 100 mcg/mL
B. 10 mcg/mL
C. 1 mcg/mL
D. 0.1 mcg/mL

A

Correct Answer: B. 10 mcg/mL

1000mcg/mL / 10 => 100mcg/mL => divide by 10 => 10mcg/mL

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8
Q

You are preparing a 50 mL syringe containing bupivacaine 0.125% (1.25 mg/mL) and fentanyl 5 mcg/mL. The available stock concentrations are:

Bupivacaine stock: 0.5% Fentanyl stock: 50 mcg/mL
How much bupivacaine, fentanyl, and diluent will you need?

Options:
A. 12.5 mL bupivacaine, 5 mL fentanyl, 32.5 mL diluent
B. 10 mL bupivacaine, 5 mL fentanyl, 35 mL diluent
C. 25 mL bupivacaine, 10 mL fentanyl, 15 mL diluent
D. 20 mL bupivacaine, 10 mL fentanyl, 20 mL diluent

A

Correct Answer: A. 12.5 mL bupivacaine, 5 mL fentanyl, 32.5 mL diluent

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9
Q

You are preparing a 30 mL syringe containing bupivacaine 0.0625% (0.625 mg/mL) and fentanyl 2 mcg/mL. The available stock concentrations are:

Bupivacaine stock: 0.25% (2.5 mg/mL)
Fentanyl stock: 50 mcg/mL
How much bupivacaine, fentanyl, and diluent will you need?

A

Correct Answer: B. 7.5 mL bupivacaine, 1.2 mL fentanyl, 21.25 mL diluent

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10
Q

You are preparing a 20 mL syringe containing bupivacaine 0.125% and fentanyl 5 mcg/mL. The available stock concentrations are:

Bupivacaine stock: 0.5%
Fentanyl stock: 50 mcg/mL
How much bupivacaine, fentanyl, and diluent will you need?

Options:
A. 2.5 mL bupivacaine, 1 mL fentanyl, 16.5 mL diluent
B. 5 mL bupivacaine, 2 mL fentanyl, 13 mL diluent
C. 5 mL bupivacaine, 2 mL fentanyl, 13.5 mL diluent
D. 4 mL bupivacaine, 1 mL fentanyl, 15 mL diluent

A

Correct: B. 5 mL bupivacaine, 2 mL fentanyl, 13 mL diluent

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11
Q

A 250 mL bag contains lidocaine 2 grams. What is the dose (in mg/min) delivered at:

15 mL/hr
30 mL/hr
60 mL/hr
Options:

A. 2 mg/min, 4 mg/min, 8 mg/min
B. 1 mg/min, 2 mg/min, 4 mg/min
C. 4 mg/min, 8 mg/min, 16 mg/min
D. 3 mg/min, 6 mg/min, 12 mg/min

A

Correct Answer: A. 2 mg/min, 4 mg/min, 8 mg/min

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12
Q

A 250 mL bag contains epinephrine 5 mg. What is the dose (in mcg/min) delivered at:

15 mL/hr
30 mL/hr
45 mL/hr

Options:
A. 5 mcg/min, 10 mcg/min, 20 mcg/min
B. 10 mcg/min, 20 mcg/min, 40 mcg/min
C. 5 mcg/min, 10 mcg/min, 12.5 mcg/min
D. 6 mcg/min, 12 mcg/min, 24 mcg/min

A

C. 5 mcg/min, 10 mcg/min, 12.5 mcg/min

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13
Q

You have a 250 mL bag containing dopamine 800 mg. What rate (in mL/hr) would you set to deliver 10 mcg/kg/min to a 70 kg patient?

Options:
A. 15.75 mL/hr
B. 13.13 mL/hr
C. 2.5 mL/hr
D. 20.1 mL/hr

A

Correct Answer: B. 13.13 mL/hr

15 mL/hr will deliver 800 mcg/min.. given our patients weight of 70kg we need a rate of 700mcg/min so we would need a slightly slower rate. 13.13mL/hr is the only one that makes sense.. you can do the math. (mental tho)

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14
Q

A solution labeled as 1:50,000 contains how many micrograms per milliliter?

Options:
A. 10 mcg/mL
B. 50 mcg/mL
C. 20 mcg/mL
D. 100 mcg/mL

A

Correct Answer: B. 20 mcg/mL

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15
Q

How many milligrams per milliliter are in a 0.5% solution?

Options:
A. 5 mg/mL
B. 0.5 mg/mL
C. 50 mg/mL
D. 2 mg/mL

A

Correct Answer: A. 5 mg/mL

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16
Q

A solution labeled as 1:200,000 contains how many milligrams per milliliter?

Options:
A. 0.01 mg/mL
B. 0.005 mg/mL
C. 0.5 mg/mL
D. 5 mg/mL

A

Correct Answer: B. 0.005 mg/mL or 5mcg/mL

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17
Q

A patient weighs 176 pounds. Using Pilchak’s No-Math Rule, what is the patient’s weight in kilograms?

Options:
A. 60 kg
B. 70 kg
C. 80 kg
D. 90 kg

A

Answer: “Take half the weight in pounds, then subtract another 10%.”

round up to 180 for easy mental math.. half is 90 - 10% which is 9 so 90 - 9 = 81.. closest answer is 80kg

176/2.2 = 80 so not bad.

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18
Q

What is the mean arterial pressure (MAP) for a patient with a blood pressure of 150/90, using the first formula? Use the simple mental math formula

Options:
A. 100 mmHg
B. 110 mmHg
C. 120 mmHg
D. 130 mmHg

A

Correct Answer: B. 110 mmHg

Rationale: systolic - diastolic / 3 + diastolic = MAP

so 150-90 => 60 => 60/3 => 20 => 20 + 90 => 110mmHg

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19
Q

Using the alternative MAP calculation, what is the MAP for a blood pressure of 140/80?

Options:
A. 100 mmHg
B. 105 mmHg
C. 110 mmHg
D. 120 mmHg

A

Correct Answer: A. 100 mmHg

140- 80 => 60 => 60/3 => 20 => 20 + 80 => 100mmHg

20
Q

Which of the following drugs is dosed based on Ideal Body Weight (IBW)?

Options: A. Fentanyl
B. Propofol (induction)
C. Midazolam
D. Succinylcholine

A

Correct Answer: B. Propofol (induction)

Rationale:
Drugs such as propofol (induction), rocuronium, vecuronium, cisatracurium, and remifentanil are dosed based on IBW to avoid overdosing based on actual weight in patients with excess adipose tissue.

21
Q

Which of the following drugs is dosed based on Actual Body Weight (ABW)?

Options:
A. Thiopental
B. Rocuronium
C. Cisatracurium
D. Remifentanil

A

Correct Answer: A. Thiopental

Rationale:
Drugs such as fentanyl, sufentanil, thiopental, and midazolam are dosed based on ABW because their distribution is influenced by total body mass.

22
Q

For which weight type is Tidal Volume (VT) calculated to prevent ventilator-associated lung injury?

Options:
A. Actual Body Weight (ABW)
B. IBW
C. Total Body Weight (TBW)
D. Lean Body Weight (LBW)

A

Correct Answer: B. IBW

Rationale:
Tidal volume is calculated using IBW to ensure appropriate lung volumes are delivered without overdistending the lungs.

23
Q

What is the IBW of a male who is 6’2’’ tall (74 inches)?

Options:
A. 180 lbs
B. 175 lbs
C. 189 lbs
D. 183 lbs

A

Correct Answer: C. 189 lbs

Rationale:
Use the formula:

IBW=105lbs+6lbsperinchover5ft(60inches). For males

Height above 60 inches = 74 - 60 = 14 inches.

IBW=105+(6×14)=105+84=189lbs.

24
Q

Calculate the IBW in kilograms for a female who is 5’7’’ tall using the Devine formula.

Options:
A. 60 kg
B. 61.6 kg
C. 68 kg
D. 70 kg

A

Correct Answer: B. 61.6 kg

Rationale:
Use the formula:

IBW(female)=45.5kg+(2.3×inchesover5ft).
Height above 5 ft = 7 inches.

IBW=45.5+(2.3×7)=45.5+16.1=61.6kg.

25
Q

Calculate the IBW of a male who is 180 cm tall using the formula:

Options:
A. 70 kg
B. 75 kg
C. 80 kg
D. 85 kg

A

Correct Answer: B. 80 kg

Rationale:
Using the formula:

IBW(male)=Heightincm−10
IBW=180−100=80kg.

26
Q

Calculate the IBW of a female who is 165 cm tall

Options:
A. 55 kg
B. 58 kg
C. 60 kg
D. 65 kg

A

Correct Answer: A. 55 kg

Rationale:
Using the formula (FEMALE):

IBW= Heightincm − 105
IBW=165−105=55kg.

27
Q

Using the Devine formula, calculate the IBW for a male who is 5’11’’ tall.

Options:
A. 70 kg
B. 72 kg
C. 75 kg
D. 76 kg

A

Correct Answer: C. 75 kg

Rationale:
Use the formula:

IBW(male)=50kg+(2.3×inchesover5ft).
Height above 5 ft = 11 inches.

IBW=50+(2.3×11)=50+25.3=75.3kg(roundedto75kg).

28
Q

calculate the IBW for a woman who is 155 cm tall.

Options:
A. 45 kg
B. 48 kg
C. 50 kg
D. 53 kg

A

Correct Answer: B. 50 kg

Rationale:
Using the formula:

IBW(female)

IBW=Heightincm−105

IBW=155−105=50kg.

29
Q

If a male patient’s IBW is 70 kg, calculate his LBW

Options:
A. 85 kg
B. 91 kg
C. 100 kg
D. 110 kg

A

Correct Answer: B. 91 kg

Rationale:
Using the formula:

LBW=IBW×1.3=70×1.3=91kg.

Formula from nagelhout

other formula is LBW=IBW+0.2(ActBW−IBW)

30
Q

If a female patient’s IBW is 55 kg and her actual body weight is 80 kg, calculate her LBW given that you know her actual weightOptions:

A. 60 kg
B. 65 kg
C. 70 kg
D. 75 kg:

A

Correct Answer: A. 60 kg

Rationale:
Using the formula:

LBW=IBW+0.2(ActBW−IBW)=55+0.2(80−55)

LBW=55+0.2(25)=55+5=60kg.

or Nagelhout which is 1.3 X IBW => 55 x 1.3 => 71.5kg (I think this all makes more sense if they are obese)

31
Q

A male patient has an IBW of 75 kg and an actual body weight of 120 kg. Calculate his LBW:

Options:
A. 84 kg
B. 90 kg
C. 95 kg
D. 100 kg

A

Correct Answer: A. 84 kg

Rationale:
Using the formula:

LBW=IBW+0.2(ActBW−IBW)=75+0.2(120−75)

LBW=75+0.2(45)=75+9=84kg.

32
Q

If a female patient’s IBW is 50 kg, calculate her LBW
Options:

A. 62.5 kg
B. 65 kg
C. 67.5 kg
D. 70 kg

A

Correct Answer: C. 65 kg

Rationale:
Using the formula:

LBW=IBW×1.3=50×1.3=65kg.

33
Q

What is the percent oxygen when 3 L/min oxygen and 2 L/min air are flowing?

Options:
A. 70%
B. 65.5%
C. 60%
D. 75%

A

Answer: A. 70%

Rationale:
The calculation uses the
formula:
O2=3000mL+(0.21×2000mL) = > 3000+420 = 3420mL

The total FGF is:
3420mL/5000mL = 0.684 about 70%

​

34
Q

What percent oxygen is inspired when the total FGF is 1 L/min O2 and 3 L/min air?

Options:
A. 50%
B. 33%
C. 25%
D. 40%

A

Answer: D 40%

1L + (0.21 x 3L) => 1.3L/4L => 0.4075 => 40%

35
Q

An oxygen tank pressure gauge reads 300 psi. How long will the tank last at an O2 flow of 2 L/min?

Options:
A. 44 minutes
B. 49 minutes
C. 33 minutes
D. 55 minutes

A

Answer:
B. 49 minutes

remember 660L/ 2000psi

so xL/ 300 psi = 660L / 2000psi

cross multiply by 300psi to isolate the xL. This give you 99L @ 300psi if the rate is 2L/min then you would have about 49.5 mins left.

36
Q

What is the maintenance fluid rate for a 25 kg pediatric patient?

Options:
A. 60 mL/hr
B. 55 mL/hr
C. 65 mL/hr
D. 70 mL/hr

A

C. 65 mL/hr

answer: 4-2-1 rule
Totalrate=40+20+5=65mL/hr

easier method.. weight in Kg plus 40 so 25 + 40 = 65mL/hr

37
Q

How much NPO fluid replacement does a 70 kg adult patient require for 6 hours of fasting?

Options:
A. 560 mL
B. 700 mL
C. 960 mL
D. 660 mL

A

Answer:
D. 660 mL

weight + 40 x ( # hours NPO)

(70 + 40) x 6 => 660mL

38
Q

What is the predicted internal diameter (ID) of an uncuffed endotracheal tube for a 6-year-old child?

Options:
A. 4.5 mm
B. 5.0 mm
C. 5.5 mm
D. 6.0 mm

A

Correct Answer: C. 5.5 mm

Rationale:
Using the formula for uncuffed tubes: (age + 16) / 4

so (6 +16) / 4 => 5.5mm

39
Q

For a 4-year-old child, calculate the lip line marking for an endotracheal tube.

Options:
A. 14 cm
B. 15 cm
C. 16 cm
D. 17 cm

A

Anwer: A. 14cm

lipe line = (age/ 2) + 12

(4/2) + 12

40
Q

Question 21:
What is the approximate dose of vecuronium for a 70 kg patient?

Options:
A. 3.5 mg
B. 7 mg
C. 14 mg
D. 42 mg

A

Correct Answer: B. 7 mg

Rationale:
Vecuronium is dosed at 0.1 mg/kg. For a 70 kg patient:

70kg×0.1mg/kg=7mg

41
Q

A reasonable spinal dose of bupivacaine (0.75%) for a T10 block is:

Options:
A. 1.6 mL
B. 0.8 mL
C. 2.0 mL
D. 1.2 mL

A

Correct Answer: A. 1.6 mL

Rationale:
Bupivacaine 0.75% contains 7.5 mg/mL. For a dose of 12 mg, the volume required is: 1.6mL

42
Q

What volume of lidocaine 5% is required to achieve a dose of 50 mg?

Options:
A. 1.0 mL
B. 1.2 mL
C. 1.4 mL
D. 0.8 mL

A

Answer: A or B … 1- 1.2mL of lidocaine is a reasonable dose.. about 50mg.

43
Q

For a lumbar epidural placement, what volume of local anesthetic is required to achieve a T4 level in an average-sized patient?

Options:
A. 10 mL
B. 15 mL
C. 20 mL
D. 25 mL

A

Correct Answer: C. 20 mL

Rationale:
The general rule is:

10 mL produces a T7 to T9 level.
20 mL produces a T4 level.

44
Q

What is the approximate dose of rocuronium for a 70 kg patient?

Options:
A. 21 mg
B. 35 mg
C. 42 mg
D. 70 mg

A

Correct Answer: C. 42 mg

Rationale:
Rocuronium is dosed at 0.6 mg/kg. For a 70 kg patient:

70kg×0.6mg/kg=42mg

Know your drug doses for an average weight person 70kg.. so if you are way off you might think hmm, I’m a dumbass and not calculating this correctly.

45
Q
A

Principles 2 A (21 decks)

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