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N151 > Medication Administration > Flashcards

Medication Administration Flashcards

1
Q 
IM injection
Size of needle:
Length of needle:
Angle:
Volume of fluid:
A

25-gauge
1 inch
90 degree
2-5 mL

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2
Q 
ID injection
Size of needle:
Length of needle:
Angle:
Volume of fluid
A

27-gauge (TB syringe, Insulin)
5/8 inch
5-15 degree until resistance is felt (you’ll see needle tip)
0.3- 1 mL

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3
Q

Purpose of aspiration:

A

Ensure needle is in the muscle and not in the vascular system

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4
Q 
SubQ injection:
Size of needle:
Length of needle:
Angle:
Volume of fluid:
A

25-gauge
1/2 in - 1 in
45-90 degree (pinch skin)
0.5-1.5 mL of water soluble meds

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5
Q 
IV injection:
Size of needle:
Length of needle:
Angle:
Volume of fluid:
A

25 degrees

500-1000 mL

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6
Q

Flush feeding tubes with __________ between medications:

A

30-60 mL water

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7
Q

Acidic medications are absorbed:

A

Stomach

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8
Q

Basic medications are absorbed:

A

Small intestines

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9
Q

Idiosyncratic:

A

Reaction opposite to what the effects of the medication normally are, or pt underreacts or overreacts to the med

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10
Q

Gaseous and volatile meds are excreted through:

A

Gas exchange (lungs)

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11
Q

Only insulin that can be given IV:

A

Regular

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12
Q

Glargine (lantus) insulin should be given:

A

By itself

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13
Q

When mixing insulin, draw _____ first, then…

A 
Draw regular insulin first
Then NPH (intermediate) insulin
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14
Q

Preferred injection site for IM:

A

Ventrogluteal

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15
Q

First accuracy check:

A

When removing medication from storage unit

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16
Q

Second accuracy check:

A

Compare the patient’s name and name of the medication with the MAR

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17
Q

Third accuracy check:

A

Compare names of medications on labels at the pt’s bedside

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18
Q

Critical scheduled meds should be given:

A

Within 30 minutes before or after scheduled dose

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19
Q

Non-critical scheduled meds should be given:

A

Within 1-2 hours of scheduled dose

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20
Q

Highly __________ meds cross the cell membrane easily/absorbed quickly

A

Lipid-soluble

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21
Q

Factors of pharmokinetics:

A

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion

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22
Q

3 methods of distribution of meds in the body:

A

Circulation
Membrane permeability
Protein binding

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23
Q

Sites of metabolism:

A

Liver, kidneys, blood, intestines, lungs

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24
Q

Sites of excretion:

A

Kidneys, liver, bowel, lungs, exocrine glands

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25
Q

Medication dependence:

Physical
Physiological:

A

Intense physical disturbance when med is withdrawn

Pt desires med for benefit other than intended effect

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26
Q

Trough conc. drawn:

A

30 min before next dose is due

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27
Q

Prescription components

Inscription:
Signature:
Superscription:

A

Drug name, strength, dose
Directions to pt
Pt identifiers

28
Q

Medication error steps:

A
  1. assess and examine pt’s condition
  2. notify HCP
  3. once pt is stable, report incident to manager
  4. file incident or occurrence report
29
Q

Reconciliation steps:

A
  1. obtain, verify, compare
  2. consider and compare
  3. reconcile
  4. communicate
30
Q

Considered 7th patient right:

A

Indication

31
Q

Effects of aging on medication metabolism

Metabolism:

A

↓ hepatic blood flow and enzyme activity
↓ metabolism
↓ liver mass
↓ enzyme ability to process drugs -> prolonged drug half-life

32
Q

Effects of aging on medication metabolism

Absorption:

A

↓ gastric emptying rate and GI motility
↓ active transport
↓ absorption capacity of cells

33
Q

Effects of aging on medication metabolism

Circulation:

A

Vascular nerve control is less stable

34
Q

Effects of aging on medication metabolism

Excretion:

A 
↓ renal blood flow
↓ renal tubular secretion
↓ glomerular filtration rate
↓ reabsorption
↓ number of nephrons
↓ waste removal
35
Q

Effects of aging on medication metabolism

Distribution:

A 
↓ lean body mass
↓ total body water
↑ conc. of water-soluble drugs
↑ adipose stores
↓ plasma protein -> reducing sites for protein-bound drugs and raising blood level of free drug
36
Q

Effects of aging on medication metabolism

Drug-receptor interaction:

A

Brain receptors more sensitive-> psychoactive drugs more potent

37
Q

Types of enteral tubes:

A

NG tube, g-tube, j-tube, small-bore

38
Q

Special consideration for enteral tube feeding:

A

Keep head of bed elevated at 30-45 degrees for 1 hr s/p med admin

39
Q

Tablets and capsules dissolved in:

A

30 mL warm water

40
Q

Good indicator of enteral tube placement:

A

Gastric pH is less than 5.0

41
Q

How to check placement of enteral tube:

A

Observe gastric content and check pH of aspirate content

42
Q

Which inhaler delivers more medication to the lungs?

A

DPI (dry powder inhaler)

43
Q

Administering meds by irrigation

Technique when break in skin:
Technique when cavity to be irrigated is not sterile:

A

Aseptic

Clean

44
Q

When mixing vial and ampule meds…

A

Vial first

Ampule second

45
Q

When mixing meds from 2 vials…

A

Use septic technique

46
Q

Zig-zag technique used for which type of injection:

A

IM

47
Q

Best injection sites for subq:

A 
Outer posterior arms
Abd below costal margins to iliac crest
Anterior thighs
Scapular back
Upper ventral (side) or dorsal gluteal (butt)
48
Q

Best injection sites for IM:

A

Ventrogluteal
Vastus lateralis
Deltoid (nothing greater than 2 mL)

49
Q

DO not aspirate when:

A

Giving immunizations or insulin

50
Q

Most dangerous method for administering medications due to the rapid dose infusion:

A

IV bolus or push

51
Q

Intrathecal:

A

Administered through cath surgically placed in subarachnoid space or ventricle of brain

52
Q

Intraosseous:

A

Infusion of med directly into bone marrow

53
Q

Intraperitoneal:

A

Administration of intrapleural meds directly into pleural space (chemotherapy)

54
Q

Intraaerterial:

A

Administration of meds directly into arteries (for pts w/ clots)

55
Q

Best injection sites for insulin:

A

Upper arm
Anterior and lateral thigh
Buttocks
Abd

56
Q

Factors that influence absorption:

A
  • Route of administration
  • Ability of med to dissolve
  • Blood flow to the site of administration
  • Body surface area
  • Lipid solubility of med
57
Q

Absorption:

A

When medication molecules pass into the blood from the site of medication administration

58
Q

Distribution:

A

How med is distributed within the body to tissues, organs, and specific site of action.

59
Q

Metabolism:

A

After med reaches site of action, it becomes metabolized into a less active or inactive form that is easier to excrete.

60
Q

Occurs under the influence of enzymes that detoxify, break down, and remove biologically active chemicals:

A

Biotransformation

61
Q

Main site of biotransformation:

A

Liver

62
Q

Lie pt in ________ position when inserting vaginal suppository:

A

Dorsal recumbent

63
Q

Lie pt in ________ position when inserting rectal suppository:

A

Left side-lying Sims’

64
Q

Sublingual meds act in:

A

15 min

65
Q

Most oral meds act in:

A

30-60 min

66
Q

Characteristics of positive TB test:

A

15 mm area of induration (hard, dense, raised area)

67
Q

Best injection sites for ID (TB test):

A

Forearm and upper back

N151 (4 decks)

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