Medication Administration Flashcards
is a substance administered for the diagnosis, cure, treatment, or relief of a symptom or for prevention of disease.
medication
is the introduction of a substance for the diagnosis, cure,
treatment, relief and prevention of diseases.
Medication Administration
In the healthcare context, the words _____________
and ______ are generally used interchangeably
medication; drug
The written direction for the preparation and administration of a drug is called a
prescription
One drug can have as many as four kinds of names:
generic name, trade name (or brand name), official name,
and chemical name
is assigned by the United States Adopted Names (USAN) Council and is used throughout the drug’s lifetime.
generic name
is the name given by the drug manufacturer and identifies it as property of that company. The name selected is usually short and easy to remember
trade name/brand name
is the name under which a drug is listed
in one of the official publications
official name
is the name by which a
chemist knows it; this name describes the constituents of
the drug precisely
chemical name
A liquid, powder, or foam deposited in a thin layer on the skin by air pressure
Aerosol spray or foam
One or more drugs dissolved in water
Aqueous solution
One or more drugs finely divided in a liquid such as water
Aqueous suspension
A solid form, shaped like a capsule, coated and easily swallowed
Caplet
A gelatinous container to hold a drug in powder, liquid, or oil form
Capsule
A nongreasy, semisolid preparation used on the skin
Cream
A sweetened and aromatic solution of alcohol used as a vehicle for medicinal agents
Elixir
A concentrated form of a drug made from vegetables or animals
Extract
A clear or translucent semisolid that liquefies when applied to the skin
Gel or jelly
A medication mixed with alcohol, oil, or soapy emollient and applied to the skin
Liniment
A medication in a liquid suspension applied to the skin
Lotion
A flat, round, or oval preparation that dissolves and releases a drug when held in the mouth
Lozenge (troche)
A semisolid preparation of one or more drugs used for application to the skin and mucous membrane
Ointment
A preparation like an ointment, but thicker and stiff, that penetrates the skin less than an ointment
Paste
One or more drugs mixed with a cohesive material, in oval, round, or flattened shapes
Pill
A finely ground drug or drugs; some are used internally, others externally
Powder
One or several drugs mixed with a firm base such as gelatin and shaped for insertion into the body (e.g., the
rectum); the base dissolves gradually at body temperature, releasing the drug
Suppository
An aqueous solution of sugar often used to disguise unpleasant-tasting drugs
Syrup
A powdered drug compressed into a hard, small disk; some are readily broken along a scored line; others are
enteric coated to prevent them from dissolving in the stomach
Tablet
An alcoholic or water-and-alcohol solution prepared from drugs derived from plants
Tincture
A semipermeable membrane shaped in the form of a disk or patch that contains a drug to be absorbed
through the skin over a long period of time
Transdermal patch
Essential Parts of a Drug Order
- Full name of the client
- Date and time the order is written
- Name of the drug to be administered
- Dosage of the drug
- Frequency of administration
- Route of administration
- Signature of the individual writing the order
the most common, least expensive,
and most convenient route for most clients
Oral administration
In oral administration, the drug is
swallowed
Can administer larger volume than subcutaneous
Drug is rapidly absorbed
Intramuscular
Absorption is slow (this is an advantage in testing for
allergies)
Intradermal
is defined as other than through the
alimentary or respiratory tract; that is, by needle
parenteral route
into the subcutaneous tissue, just below the skin
Subcutaneous (hypodermic)
into a muscle
Intramuscular (IM)
under the epidermis (into the dermis)
Intradermal (ID)
into a vein
Intravenous (IV)
is the administration of a
drug into the dermal layer of the skin just beneath the
epidermis.
intradermal (ID) injection
This method of administration is
frequently used for allergy testing and tuberculosis (TB)
screening.
intradermal (ID) injection
Common sites for ID injections are the:
inner lower arm, the upper chest, and the back beneath the scapulae
The __________ is commonly used for
TB screening and the _____________ is used for all other tests.
left arm; right arm
are absorbed more quickly than subcutaneous injections because of the greater blood supply to the
body muscles.
intramuscular (IM)
injections
An adult with well-developed muscles can usually safely tolerate up to ______ of medication in the ________________________ muscles
3 mL; gluteus medius and
gluteus maximus
A volume of
___________ is usually recommended for adults with less
developed muscles.
1 to 2 mL
In the deltoid muscle, volumes of_____________are recommended.
0.5
to 1 mL
coomon sites for IM injections
Deltoid
Ventrogluteal
FIRST CHECK:
Compare the name and
dosage of drug on the label with name
and dosage of drug on medicine ticket.
Check the expiration date
SECOND CHECK:
Compare the name
and dosage of drug on the label with the
name and dosage of drug on the
medicine ticket.
have groves or markings
as to which to split the medication
Scored tablets
If patient has difficulty swallowing,
__________ the tablet into a ____________ with
a _____________ and mix the powder with
a small amount of soft food such as
applesauce
crush; fine powder; pill crusher
In cases of ___________, __________ are
easier to swallow than clear liquids
dysphagia; soft foods
Thoroughly _____ the medication before pouring
mix
Hold the bottle (with your ___________
hand) next to your palm and pour the
medication __________ from the label.
dominant; away
When giving medication with small
amount of liquids, prepare the
medication in _______________________________________. Label the syringe
with the ___________________.
a syringe without the needle or a dropper; medication name and route
Take the medication to the patient
_______________ before or after the
scheduled time
within 30 minutes
prevents aspiration of drugs and fluids
proper positioning
eases swallowing and facilitates
absorption from the gastrointestinal
tract
Fluids
Stimulation at the back of the tongue
produces the
swallowing reflex
If an older child or adult patient has
difficulty swallowing, ask the patient to __________________________________ before taking water
place the medicine at the back of their tongue
prevents glass
particles from being withdrawn with
the medication
filter needle
For ID injection, Draw _________________ and ______________________
0.9 cc of sterile water ; 0.1 cc of
medication
