Medication Administration Flashcards
Generic Name: The “official” name assigned by the
United States Adopted Names Council
Medications may be classified in several ways including:
Chemical composition
Clinical actions
Therapeutic effect
What Are The Systems of Medication Distribution
Unit-dose system
Automated medication-dispensing system
Bar code medication administration
Self-administered medication system
Which of the following systems of medication administration involves the pharmacy in prepackaging and pre-labeling an individual patient dose?
Unit-dose system
What are the Medication Order Components?
Patient’s name
Order date
Medication name
Medication dosage
Route of administration
Time of administration
Drug indication/reason for administration(mainly for PRN orders)
Prescriber’s signature
What Are The Types of Medication Orders in an Acute Care Setting?
Routine or standing orders
PRN orders (Latin: pro re nata)
Standing protocols
One-time orders
STAT orders (Latin: statim)
Verbal orders
for emergency situations
Prescriptions
for medications to be taken outside of the hospital
STANDING PROTOCOL EXAMPLE
A Standing protocol might be written for a nurse working on a cardiac unit to administer a certain heart medication if the patient develops an irregular rhythm.
What is Pharmacokinetics and What are the 4 actions of it?
The process by which a drug moves through the body and is eventually eliminated.
ADME
Absorption: Process by which medication enters the bloodstream
Distribution: Process by which medication is delivered to the target cells and tissues
Metabolism: Process by which drug is chemically changed in the body
Excretion: Process of removing the drug or its metabolites from the body
Pharmacodynamics
The physiologic and biochemical effects of a drug on the body.
Includes:
Therapeutic effects: Which are the Desired and intentional effects
Adverse effects:
-Side effects: Minor adverse effects
-Tolerance: Decreased response to medication over time
-Allergic reactions: Immunologic response to a medication
-Toxicity: Overdose or buildup of medication in the blood due to
impaired metabolism or excretion
Interactions: Occurs when a medication’s effects are altered by the concurrent presence of other medications or food
Compatibility: Occurs when drugs are mixed together and one or both are rendered chemically inactive or if a precipitate forms
The nurse has administered an antihypertensive medication to a patient and found the patient’s blood pressure to be within normal limits 2 hours later. This pharmacodynamic effect would be known as:
A Therapeutic Effect
What Are The “Six Rights” of Medication Administration
PMDRTD “Don’t Rock The Dog Pretty Mama”
DOSE
ROUTE
TIME
DOCUMENTATION
PATIENT
MEDICATION
What Are The Most Common Preventable Medication Administration Errors?
Medication is given in wrong dose or at wrong time
Documentation inaccurate or not performed in timely manner
Medication administered according to order, but order inappropriate for patient
IV medication given at the wrong rate
Patient should wear a Medic-Alert bracelet if taking…
anticoagulants, oral hypoglycemic agents, insulin, anticonvulsants or has a severe drug allergy
What Information collected during initial assessment?
Medication history
Allergies and intolerances
Medical history
Pregnancy and lactation status
What Info is collected right before medication administration?
Medication record
Diet and fluid orders
Laboratory values
Physical assessment
