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Medical Terminology > medical word elements > Flashcards

medical word elements Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

cyt/o

A

cell–cytologist specialist in study of cells

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2
Q

hist/o

A

tissue histology study of tissues

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3
Q

kary/o

A

karyolysis destruction of the nucleus

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4
Q

nucle/o

A

nuclear pertaining to the nucleus

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5
Q

anter/o

A

anterior,front

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6
Q

caud/o

A

caud/ad toward the tail

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7
Q

cephal/o

A

head cephalad toward the head

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8
Q

dist/o

A

far,farthest disant pertaining to the farthest point

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9
Q

dors/o

A

back–dorsal pertaining to the back of the body

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10
Q

infer/o

A

lower,below–pertaining to the lower

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11
Q

later/o

A

side,to one side later/al

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12
Q

medi/o

A

middle, medi/ad toward the middle

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13
Q

poster/o

A

back of body, behind posterior

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14
Q

proxim/o

A

near,nearest

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15
Q

ventr/o

A

belly,belly side ventral

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16
Q

abdomin/o

A

abdomen abdominal

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17
Q

cervic/o

A

neck cervix, uteri neck of uterus

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18
Q

crani/o

A

cranium (skull)

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19
Q

gastro/o

A

stomach hypo gastric pertaining to the area below the stomach

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20
Q

ili/o

A

ilium lateral flaring portion of the hip bone

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21
Q

inguin/o

A

groin inguinal

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22
Q

lumb/o

A

loins, lower back

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23
Q

pelv/i pelv/o

A

pelvis–pelvimeter, pelvic

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24
Q

spin/o

A

spine spinal pertaining to the spine

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25
Q

thorac/o

A

chest– thoracic

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26
Q

umbilic/o

A

umbilicus,navel

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27
Q

albin/o

A

white lack of pigment

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28
Q

leuk/o

A

leukocyte white blood cell

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29
Q

chlor/o

A

green chloropia green vision–toxic reaction to digitalis

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30
Q

chrom/o

A

color –heterochromic one brown eye one blue eye

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31
Q

cirrh/o –jaund/o– xanth/o

A

yellow cirrhosis abnormal yellowing of sclera of the eyes associated with jaundice and xanthosis

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32
Q

cyan/o

A

blue –cyanotic pertaining to blueness

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33
Q

erythr/o

A

red –erythro red cell erythrocyte

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34
Q

melan/o

A

black melanoma black tumor malignancy

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35
Q

poli/o

A

gray, gray matter poliomyelitis inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord

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36
Q

acr/o

A

extremity acrocyanosis abnormal condition in which the extremities are blue

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37
Q

eti/o

A

cause etiology study of the causes of disease

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38
Q

idi/o

A

unknown,peculiar –idiopathic pertaining to an unknown cause of disease.

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39
Q

morph/o

A

form,shape,structure morphology study of form shape or structure

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40
Q

path/o

A

disease pathologist–specialist in the study of disease

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41
Q

radi/o

A

radiation x-ray radiologist specialist in the study of radiation

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42
Q

somat/o

A

body –somatic pertaining to the body

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43
Q

son/o

A

sound sonography process of recording sound

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44
Q

tom/o

A

to cut tomography process of recording a cut or a slice in imaging

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45
Q

viscer/o

A

internal organs pertaining to internal organs

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46
Q

xer/o

A

dry xerosis abnormal condition of dryness (skin mucous membranes)

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47
Q

genesis

A

forming,producing,origin, pathogenesis origin of disease

48
Q

gnosis

A

knowing prognosis– knowing before

49
Q

gram

A

record writing

50
Q

graph

A

instrument for recording xrays radiograph

51
Q

graphy

A

process of recording a –arthrography recording an image of a joing

52
Q

logist

A

specialist in the study of as in dermatologist study of skin

53
Q

logy

A

study of as in hematology study of blood

54
Q

meter

A

instrument for measuring –thermometer measures heat

55
Q

metry

A

act of measuring ventriculometry measuring ventricles

56
Q

pathy

A

disease–gastropathy disease of the stomach

57
Q

ab

A

from away from

58
Q

ad

A

adduction bringing toward

59
Q

hetero

A

different heteromorphous different form or shape

60
Q

homeo

A

same,alike homeoplasia formation of same tissue

61
Q

infra

A

below,under infracostal below the ribs

62
Q

peri

A

around periumbilical around the unbilicus

63
Q

super

A

upper above superior upper area

64
Q

trans

A

across,through transabdominal through or across the abdomen

65
Q

ultra

A

excess,beyond ultrasonic pertaining toe beyond sound

66
Q

homeostasis

A

stable internal environment that provides a narrow range of temperature,water,acidity and salt concentration.

67
Q

etiology

A

study of the cause or origin of a disease

68
Q

metabolic

A

such as diabetes

69
Q

infectious

A

measles or mumps

70
Q

congenital

A

such as cleft lip

71
Q

hereditary

A

such as hemopohilia

72
Q

enviromental

A

burns and trauma

73
Q

neoplastic

A

such as cancer

74
Q

diagnosis

A

establishing the cause and nature of a disease

75
Q

prognosis

A

prediction of the course of a disease and its probable outcome

76
Q

idiopathic

A

disease whose cause is unknown

77
Q

sequelae

A

complications that arise from disease

78
Q

adhesion

A

abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally separated

79
Q

ascites

A

abnormal accmulation of fluid within tissue spaces

80
Q

edema

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid within tissue spaces

81
Q

febrile

A

pertaining to a fever also called pyretic

82
Q

gangrene

A

death and decay of soft tissue caused by circulatory obstruction trauma of infection

83
Q

hernia

A

protrusion of any organ through the structure that normally contains it.

84
Q

inflammation

A

body defense against injury infection or allergy marked by redness swelling heat pain and sometimes loss of function

85
Q

mycosis

A

any fungal infection on or on the body

86
Q

perforation

A

hole that completely penetrates a structure

87
Q

peritonitis

A

inflammation of the peritoneum the serous membrane that surrounds the abdominal cavity and covers its organs

88
Q

rupture

A

sudden breaking or bursting of a structure or organ

89
Q

sepsis

A

pathological state usually febrile resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the bloodstream

90
Q

suppuration

A

productng or associated with the generation of pus

91
Q

infusion therapy

A

delivery of fluids directly into the blood stream via a vein for treating various disorders, IV therapy

92
Q

ablation

A

removal of a party pathway or function by surgery chemical destruction electrocautery freezing or radio frequency

93
Q

anastomosis

A

surgical joining of two ducts vessels or bowel segments to allow from from one to another

94
Q

cauterize

A

destruction of tissue by electricity freezing,heat or corrosive chemicals

95
Q

curretage

A

scraping of a body cavity with a spoon shaped instrument called a curette

96
Q

incision and drainage I&D

A

incision made to allow withdrawal of fluids from a wound or cavity

97
Q

laser surgery

A

use of high intensity laser light beam to remove diseased tissues, stop bleeding or for cosmetic purposes.

98
Q

resection

A

removal of part or all of a structure organ or tissuee

99
Q

revision

A

surgical procedure used to replace or compensate for a previously implanted device or correct an undesirable result or effect of a previous surgery

100
Q

inspection

A

general observation of the pateint as a whole progressing to specific body areas

101
Q

palpation

A

gentle application of the hands to a specific structure or body are to determine size consistency texture symmetry and tenderness of underlying structures.

102
Q

pervussion

A

tapping a structure with the hand or fingers to asses consistency and presence or absence of fluid within the underlying structures

103
Q

auscultation

A

listening to the hear bowel and lungs with or without a stethoscope to assess the presence and quality of sounds

104
Q

endoscopy

A

visual examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope.

105
Q

blood chemistry analysis

A

lab test performed on serum to evaluate various substances to see if they fall in normal range.

106
Q

CBC

A

complete blood count panel test for anemias infections and other diseases

107
Q

organ disease panels

A

series of blood tests use to evaluate a specific organ (liver panel) or disease (anemia panel)

108
Q

CT scan computed tomography

A

imaging technique in which an x-ray emitter rotates around the are to be scanned and a computer measure the intensity of transmitted xrays from different angles

109
Q

fluoroscopy

A

xrays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays internal structures in continuous motion

110
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

111
Q

nuclear scan

A

technique in which radioactive material called a tracer in introduced int the body and special camera takes images.

112
Q

PET

A

records the positrons emitted from a radiopharmaceutical to produce a cross sectional image. of metabolic activity of body tissues

113
Q

radiography

A

xrays

114
Q

SPECT

A

single photon emission computed tomography CT scan with tracer injected into the blood stream

115
Q

ultrasonography

A

High frequency sound wave are directed at soft tissue and reflected as echoes to produce an image of an internal body

116
Q

biopsy

A

removal of tissue sample for examination under a micro scope. for diagnostic purposes. excisional or incisional

Medical Terminology (2 decks)

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