Medical Terms Quiz 2

Question 1

folli-

Answer 1

[bag, bellow] hair follicle

Question 2

fontan-

Answer 2

[fountain] fontanelles of the fetal skull

Question 3

foram-

Answer 3

[opening] foramen magnum of the skull

Question 4

foss-

Answer 4

[ditch] fossa ovalis of the heart, mandibular fossa of the skull

Question 5

gam-, gamet-

Answer 5

[married, spouse] gametes, the sex cells

Question 6

gangli-

Answer 6

[swelling, or knot] dorsal root ganglia of the spinal nerves

Question 7

gastr-

Answer 7

[stomach] gastrin, a hormone that influences gastric acid secretion

Question 8

gene

Answer 8

[beginning, origin] genetics

Question 9

germin-

Answer 9

[grow] germinal epithelium of the gonads

Question 10

gero-, geront-

Answer 10

[old man] gerontology, the study of aging

Question 11

gest-

Answer 11

[carried] gestation, the period from conception to birth

Question 12

glauc-

Answer 12

[gray] glaucoma, which causes gradual blindness

Question 13

glom-

Answer 13

[ball] glomeruli, clusters of capillaries in the kidneys

Question 14

glosso-

Answer 14

[tongue] glossopathy, any disease of the tongue

Question 15

gluco-, glyco-

Answer 15

gluconeogenesis, the production of glucose from noncarbohydrate molecules

Question 16

glute-

Answer 16

[buttock] gluteus maximus, largest muscle of the buttock

Question 17

gnost-

Answer 17

[knowing] the gnostic sense, a sense of awareness of self

Question 18

gompho-

Answer 18

[nail] gomphosis, the term applied to the joint between tooth and jaw

Question 19

gon-, gono-

Answer 19

[seed, offspring] gonads, the sex organs

Question 20

gust-

Answer 20

[taste] gustatory sense, the sense of taste

Question 21

hapt-

Answer 21

[fasten, grasp] hapten, a partial antigen

Question 22

hema-, hemato-, hemo-

Answer 22

[blood] hematocyst, a cyst containing blood

Question 23

hemi-

Answer 23

[half] hemiglossal, pertaining to one-half of the tongue

Question 24

hepat-

Answer 24

[liver] hepatitis, inflammation of the liver

Question 25

hetero-

Answer 25

[different or other] heterosexuality, sexual desire for a person of the opposite sex

Question 26

hiat-

Answer 26

[gap] the hiatus of the diaphragm, the opening through which the esophagus passes

Question 27

hippo-

Answer 27

[horse] hippocampus of the brain, shaped like a seahorse

Question 28

hirsut-

Answer 28

[hairy] hirsutism, excessive body hair

Question 29

hist-

Answer 29

[tissue] histology, the study of tissues

Question 30

holo-

Answer 30

[whole] holocrine glands, whose secretions are whole cells

Question 31

hom-, homo-

Answer 31

[same] homeoplasia, formation of tissue similar to normal tissue, homocentric, having the same center

Question 32

hormon-

Answer 32

[to excite] hormones

Question 33

humor-

Answer 33

[a fluid] humoral immunity, which involves antibodies circulating in the blood

Question 34

hyal-

Answer 34

[glass, clear] hyaline cartilage, which has no visible fibers

Question 35

hydr- hydro

Answer 35

[water] dehydration, loss of body water

Question 36

hyper-

Answer 36

[excess] hypertension, excessive tension

Question 37

hypno-

Answer 37

[sleep] hypnosis, a sleeplike state

Question 38

hypo-

Answer 38

[below, deficient] hypodermic, beneath the skin; hypokalemia, deficiency of potassium

Question 39

hyster-, hystero-

Answer 39

[uterus, womb] hysterectomy, removal of the uterus; hysterodynia, pain in the womb

Question 40

ile-

Answer 40

[intestine] ileum, the lat portion of the small intestine

Question 41

im-

Answer 41

[not] impermeable, not permitting passage, not permeable

Question 42

inter-

Answer 42

[between] intercellular, between the cells

Question 43

intercal-

Answer 43

[insert] intercalated discs, the end membranes between adjacent cardiac muscle cells

Question 44

intra-

Answer 44

[within, inside] intracellular, inside the cell

Question 45

iso-

Answer 45

[equal, same] isothermal, equal, or same, temperature

Question 46

jugul-

Answer 46

[throat] jugular veins, prominent vessels in the neck

Question 47

juxta-

Answer 47

[near, close to] juxtaglomerular complex, a cell cluster next to a glomerulus in the kidneys

Question 48

karyo-

Answer 48

[kernel, nucleus] karyotype, the assemblage of the nuclear chromosomes

Question 49

kera-

Answer 49

[horn] keratin, the water-repellent protein of the skin

Question 50

kilo-

Answer 50

[thousand] kilocalories, equal to 1000 calories

Question 51

kin-, kines-

Answer 51

[move kinetic] energy, the energy of motion

Question 52

labi-, labri

Answer 52

[lip] labial frenulum, the membrane which joins the lip to the gum

Question 53

lact-

Answer 53

[milk] lactose, milk sugar

Question 54

lacun-

Answer 54

[space, cavity, lake] lacunae, the spaces occupied by cells of cartilage and bone tissue

Question 55

lamell-

Answer 55

[small plate] concentric lamellae, rings of bone matrix in compact bone

Question 56

lamina-

Answer 56

[layer, sheet] basal lamina, part of the epithelial basement membrane

Question 57

lat-

Answer 57

[wide] latissimus dorsi, abroad muscle of the back

Question 58

laten-

Answer 58

[hidden] latent period of a muscle twitch

Question 59

later-

Answer 59

[side] lateral (directional term)

Question 60

leuko-

Answer 60

[white] leukocyte, white blood cell

Question 61

leva-

Answer 61

[raise, elevate] levator labii superioris, muscle that elevates upper lip

Question 62

lingua-

Answer 62

[tongue] lingual tonsil, adjacent to the tongue

Question 63

lip-, lipo-

Answer 63

[fat lipid] lipophage, a cell that has taken up fat in its cytoplasm

Question 64

lith-

Answer 64

[stone] cholelithiasis, gallstones

Question 65

luci-

Answer 65

[clear] stratum lucidum, clear layer of the epidermis

Question 66

lumen

Answer 66

[light] lumen, center of a hollow structure

Question 67

lut-

Answer 67

[yellow] corpus luteum, a yellow, hormone-secreting structure in the ovary

Question 68

lymph

Answer 68

[water] lymphatic circulation, return of clear fluid to the bloodstream

Question 69

macro-

Answer 69

[large] macromolecule, large molecule

Question 70

macula

Answer 70

[spot] macula lutea, yellow spot on the retina

Question 71

magn-

Answer 71

[large] foramen magnum, largest opening of the skull

Question 72

mal-

Answer 72

[bad, abnormal] malfunction, abnormal functioning of an organ

Question 73

mamm-

Answer 73

[breast] mammary gland, breast

Question 74

mast-

Answer 74

[breast] mastectomy, removal of a mammary gland

Question 75

mater

Answer 75

[mother] dura mater, pia master, membranes that envelop the brain

Question 76

meat-

Answer 76

[passage] external acoustic meatus, the ear canal

Question 77

medi-

Answer 77

[middle] medial (directional term)

Question 78

medull-

Answer 78

[marrow] medulla, the middle portion of the kidney, adrenal gland, and lymph node

Question 79

mega-

Answer 79

[large] megakaryocyte, large precursor cell of platelets

Question 80

meio-

Answer 80

[less] meiosis, nuclear division that halves the chromosome number

Question 81

melan-

Answer 81

[black] melanocytes, which secrete the black pigment melanin

Question 82

men-, menstru-

Answer 82

[month] menses, the cyclic menstrual flow

Question 83

meningo-

Answer 83

[membrane] meningitis, inflammation of the membranes of the brain

Question 84

mer-, mero-,

Answer 84

[a part] merocrine glands, the secretions of which do not include the cell

Question 85

meso-

Answer 85

[middle] mesoderm, middle germ layer

Question 86

meta-

Answer 86

[beyond, between, transition] metatarsus, the part of the foot between the tarsus and the phalanges

Question 87

metro-

Answer 87

[uterus] endometrium, the lining of the uterus

Question 88

micro-

Answer 88

[small] microscope, an instrument used to make small objects appear larger

Question 89

mictur-

Answer 89

[urinate] micturition, the act of voiding the bladder

Question 90

mito-

Answer 90

[thread, filament] mitochondria, small, filament-like structures located in cells

Question 91

mnem-

Answer 91

[memory] amnesia

Question 92

mono-

Answer 92

[single] monospasm, spasm of a single limb

Question 93

morpho-

Answer 93

[form] morphology, the study of form and structure or organisms

Question 94

multi-

Answer 94

[many] multinuclear, having several nuclei

Question 95

mur-

Answer 95

[wall] intramural ganglion, a nerve junction within an organ

Question 96

muta-

Answer 96

[change] mutation, change in the ase sequence of DNA

Question 97

myelo-

Answer 97

[spinal cord, marrow] myeloblasts, cells of the bone marrow

Question 98

myo-

Answer 98

[muscle] myocardium, heart muscle

Question 99

nano-

Answer 99

[dwarf] nanometer, one-billionth of a meter

Question 100

narco-

Answer 100

[numbness] narcotic, a drug producing stupor or numbed sensations

Question 101

natri-

Answer 101

[sodium] atrial natriuretic peptide, a sodium-regulating hormone

Question 102

necro-

Answer 102

[death] necrosis, tissue death

Question 103

neo-

Answer 103

[new] neoplasm, an abnormal growth

Question 104

nephro-

Answer 104

[kidney] nephritis, inflammation of the kidney

Question 105

neuro-

Answer 105

[nerve] neurophysiology, the physiology of the nervous system

Question 106

noci-

Answer 106

[harmful] nociceptors, receptors for pain

Question 107

nom-

Answer 107

[name] innominate artery; innominate bone

Question 108

noto-

Answer 108

[back] notochord, the embryonic structure that precedes the vertebral column

Question 109

nucle-

Answer 109

[pit, kernel, little nut] nucleus

Question 110

nutri-

Answer 110

[feed, nourish] nutrition

Question 111

ob-

Answer 111

[before, against] obstruction, impeding or blocking up

Question 112

oculo-

Answer 112

[eye] monocular, pertaining to one eye

Question 113

odonto-

Answer 113

[teeth] orthodontist, one who specializes in proper positioning of the teeth in relation to each other

Question 114

olfact-

Answer 114

[smell] olfactory nerves

Question 115

oligo-

Answer 115

[few] oligodendrocytes, neuroglial cells with few branches

Question 116

onco-

Answer 116

[a mass] oncology, study of cancer

Question 117

oo-

Answer 117

[egg] oocyte, precursor of female gamete

Question 118

ophthalmo-

Answer 118

[eye] ophthalmology, the study of the eyes and related disease

Question 119

orb-

Answer 119

[circular] orbicularis oculi, muscle that encircles the eye

Question 120

orchi-

Answer 120

[testis] cryptorchidism, failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum

Question 121

org-

Answer 121

[living] organism

Question 122

ortho-

Answer 122

[straight, direct] orthopedic, correction of deformities fo the musculoskeletal system

Question 123

osm-

Answer 123

[smell] anosmia, loss of sense of smell

Question 124

osmo-

Answer 124

[pushing] osmosis

Question 125

osteo-

Answer 125

[bone] osteodermia, bony formation in the skin

Question 126

oto-

Answer 126

[ear] otoscope, a device for examining the ear

Question 127

ov-, ovi-

Answer 127

[egg] ovum; oviduct

Question 128

oxy-

Answer 128

[oxygen] oxygenation, the saturation of a substance with oxygen

Question 129

pan-

Answer 129

[all, universal] panacea, a cure-all

Question 130

papill-

Answer 130

[nipple] dermal papillae, projections of the dermis into the epidermal area

Question 131

para-

Answer 131

[beside, near] paranuclear, beside the nucleus

Question 132

pect-, pectus

Answer 132

[breast] pectoralis major, a large chest muscle

Question 133

pelv-

Answer 133

[a basin] pelvic girdle, which cradles the pelvic organs

Question 134

peni-

Answer 134

[a tail] penis, penila arteriole

Question 135

penna-

Answer 135

[feather] unipennate, bipennate muscles, whose fascicles have a feathered appearance

Question 136

pent-

Answer 136

[five] pentose, a 5-carbon sugar

Question 137

pep-, peps-, pept-

Answer 137

[digest] pepsin, a digestive enzyme of the stomach; peptic ulcer

Question 138

per-, permea-

Answer 138

[through] permeate; permeable

Question 139

peri-

Answer 139

[around] perianal, situated around the anus

Question 140

phago-

Answer 140

[eat] phagocyte, a cell that engulfs and digests particles or cells

Question 141

pheno-

Answer 141

[show, appear] phenotype, the physical appearance of an individual

Question 142

phleb-

Answer 142

[vein] phlebitis, inflammation of the veins

Question 143

pia

Answer 143

[tender] pia mater, delicate inner membrane around the brain and spinal cord

Question 144

pili

Answer 144

[hair] arrector pili muscles of the skin, which make the hairs stand erect

Question 145

pin-, pino-

Answer 145

[drink] pincytosis, the engulfing of small particles by a cell

Question 146

platy-

Answer 146

[flat, broad] platysma, broad, flat muscle of the neck

Question 147

pleur-

Answer 147

[side, rib] pleural serosa, the membrane that lines the thoracic cavity and covers the lungs

Question 148

plex-, plexus

Answer 148

[net, network] brachial plexus, the network of nerves that supplies the arm

Question 149

pneumo-

Answer 149

[air, wind] pneumothorax, air in the thoracic cavity

Question 150

pod-

Answer 150

[foot] podiatry, the treatment of foot disorders

Question 151

poly-

Answer 151

[multiple] polymorphism, multiple forms

Question 152

post-

Answer 152

[after, behind] posterior, places behind (a specific) part

Question 153

pre-, pro-

Answer 153

[before, ahead of] prenatal, before birth

Question 154

procto-

Answer 154

[rectum, anus] proctoscope, an instrument for examining the rectum

Question 155

pron-

Answer 155

[bent forward] prone, pronate