Medical Terminology - WEEK ONE Flashcards
What is a prefix?
Prefixes are added to the beginning of an existing word in order to create a new word with a different meaning
What is a suffix?
Suffixes are added to the end of an existing word.
Can change a word to a NOUN or an ADJECTIVE.
What is the term used to describe the main meaning of the word?
Word root - subject or story of the word
3 reasons why a TA should understand and use correct medical terminology?
- 3.
What are the following root words?
Acr/o? Cardi/o? Gastr/o? Physi/o? Top/o? Mamm/o? Colon/o? Oste/o? Bronch/o; bronch-; bronch/l Tach/y? Hemi? Febrile?
Acr/o - extremity Cardi/o - heart Gastr/o - stomach Physi/o - physical; nature Top/o - place; region Mamm/o - breasts Colon/o - colon Oste/o - bone Bronch/o; bronch-; bronch/l - airway Tach/y - rapid Hemi - half Febrile - fever
Break down the word ‘Hypothermia’
Hypo = Prefix Therm = Root Ia = Suffix
Arthr?
Joint
ectomy?
stomy?
otomy?
- ectomy (excision, removal)
- stomy ( new opening)
- otomy ( incision, cutting)
Appendectomy?
Colostomy?
Tracheotomy?
Appendectomy = appendix removal Colostomy = surgical opening and bringing large intestine Tracheotomy = incision in the windpipe to relieve obstruction in breathing
Gastritis
Gastr = stomach Itis = inflammation
Arteriosclerosis
Arterio = artery Sclerosis = abnormal hardening
Hepatomegaly
Hepat/o = liver Megaly = englargement
Hemorrhage
Hemo = blood
rrhage or rrhagia = bleeding or bursting forth
Diarrhea
Dia = through rrhea = flow or discharge of body fluids
Myorrhaphy
My/o = muscle rrhaphy = surgical closure of the wound
Myorrhexis
My/o = muscle rrhexis = rupture
What is the meaning of the following common adjective suffixes?
ac; ic al ar eal ic ical oid ous
ac; ic = of, relating to al = pertaining to ar = of, resembling eal = pertaining to ic = having the character of, producing ical = pertaining to oid = resembling ous = full of
Noun form and Adjective form
Artery =
Bacteria =
Cell =
= Fascial
Mania =
= Pericarditic
Pericardium= Pericardial
= Spinous
Spleen =
Vein =
Artery = Arterial Bacteria = Bacterial Cell = Cellular Fascia = Fascial Mania = Manic Pericarditis = Pericarditic Pericardium= Pericardial Spine = Spinous Spleen = Splenic Vein = Venous
What are homonyms?
Words that have the same sound but different meaning
I.e. bare = naked, bear = to produce, give birth
What are eponyms?
Name given to a medical disease, body part or procedure drived from the name of the person who discovered it or perfected it.
I.e. = Babinski’s, Parkinson’s…etc.
What are the following prefixes?
Pre
Peri
Per
pre = previous to; before peri = around, about, near per = through, by means of
What are the following prefixes? And examples?
Pan - Brady - Hyper - Poly - Tachy - Hypo - A- or an -
Pan - all (Pandemic = widespread epidemic)
Brady - slow (Bradycardia = slow heart rate)
Hyper - excessive or increased (Hypertension = high blood pressure)
Poly - many (Polycystic= many cysts)
Tachy - fast (Tachycardia = fast heart rate)
Hypo - low or insufficient (Hypotension = low blood pressure)
A- or an - absent or before (Anoxia = condition of no oxygen to tissues and organs)
What are the following suffixes? And examples?
- emia
- algia
- ectomy
- itis
- oma
- scopy
- pnea
- emia - blood (anemia = lacking sufficient quality/quantity of blood)
- algia - pain (neuralgia = intense, intermittent pain)
- ectomy - surgical removal (appendectomy = surgical removal of appendix)
- itis - inflammation (bursitis = inflammation of a bursa)
- oma - tumour or neoplasm (blastomatosis = development of many tumours)
- scopy - visual exam (cytoscopy = procedure to look at the bladder)
- pnea - breathing (apnea = absence of breathing)
What are common abbreviations?
AIDS HBV IDDM NIDDM ACL CVA CP BP CABG MI
AIDS - acquired immune deficiency syndrome
HBV- hepatitis B viruses
IDDM - insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
NIDDM - non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
ACL - anterior cruciate ligament
CVA - cerebral vascular accident
CP - cerebral palsy; chest pain
BP - blood pressure
CABG - coronary artery bypass graft
MI - myocardial infarction
