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Medical Terminology Final Review > Medical Terminology Set 2 > Flashcards

Medical Terminology Set 2 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

-scopy

A

visual examination

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2
Q

-spasm

A

involuntary contraction

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3
Q

-stasis

A

stopping, controlling

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4
Q

-stenosis

A

narrowing

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5
Q

-stomy

A

creation of an opening

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6
Q

-tome

A

instrument to cut

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7
Q

-tomy

A

cutting, incision

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8
Q

-trite

A

instrument to crush

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9
Q

-tripsy

A

crushing

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10
Q

-uria

A

urine condition

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11
Q

abduction

A

movement away from the midline

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12
Q

adduction

A

movement toward the midline

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13
Q

anterior

A

front

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14
Q

caudal

A

toward the tail

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15
Q

coccygeal

A

relating to the coccyx (tailbone)

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16
Q

dorsal

A

back

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17
Q

distal

A

farther from the origin

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18
Q

inferior

A

lower

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19
Q

lateral

A

side

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20
Q

medial

A

middle

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21
Q

posterior

A

back

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22
Q

proximal

A

closer to the origin

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23
Q

superior

A

upper

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24
Q

ventral

A

front, belly side

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25
Q

frontal plane

A

divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

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26
Q

coronal plane

A

divides the body into front and back

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27
Q

midsagittal plane

A

divides the body into equal left and right halves

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28
Q

sagittal plane

A

divides the body into left and right

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29
Q

transverse plane

A

divides the body into top and bottom

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30
Q

alb(o)

A

white

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31
Q

chlor(o)

A

green

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32
Q

cyan(o)

A

blue

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33
Q

erythr(o)

A

red

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34
Q

leuk(o)

A

white

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35
Q

melan(o)

A

black

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36
Q

xanth(o)

A

yellow

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37
Q

acrocyanosis

A

bluish discoloration of the extremities

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38
Q

acromegaly

A

enlargement of extremities

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39
Q

adenocarcinoma

A

cancerous tumor of glandular tissue

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40
Q

albinism/albino

A

lack of pigment in skin

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41
Q

alkalosis

A

condition of excess base (alkali) in the body fluids

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42
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of menstruation

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43
Q

anemia

A

lack of blood or hemoglobin

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44
Q

anaphylaxis

A

severe allergic reaction

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45
Q

aneurysm

A

ballooning of a blood vessel

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46
Q

angiostenosis

A

narrowing of a vessel

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47
Q

anotia

A

absence of the ear

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48
Q

anuria

A

lack of urine production

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49
Q

aphonia

A

loss of voice

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50
Q

arteriolitis

A

inflammation of small arteries

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51
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of the arteries

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52
Q

arthroclasia

A

surgical breaking of a joint

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53
Q

arthrodesis

A

surgical fixation of a joint

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54
Q

atherosclerosis

A

hardening of the arteries due to plaque

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55
Q

blepharedema

A

swelling of the eyelid

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56
Q

blepharospasm

A

involuntary contraction of the eyelid

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57
Q

bradyphagia

A

slow eating

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58
Q

bradyphasia

A

slow speech

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59
Q

bradypnea

A

slow breathing

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60
Q

bronchiolitis

A

inflammation of the bronchioles

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61
Q

calculus, calculi

A

stones

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62
Q

carcinoma

A

cancerous tumor

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63
Q

cephalgia

A

headache

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64
Q

cervicitis

A

inflammation of the cervix

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65
Q

cerebellitis

A

inflammation of the cerebellum

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66
Q

cerebromeningitis

A

inflammation of the brain and meninges

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67
Q

cervicocolpitis

A

inflammation of the cervix and vagina

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68
Q

cheilostomatitis

A

inflammation of the lips and mouth

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69
Q

cholecystitis

A

inflammation of the gallbladder

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70
Q

coloptosis

A

prolapse of the colon

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71
Q

cryptorchidism

A

undescended testicles

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72
Q

Cushing’s syndrome

A

condition caused by excessive cortisol

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73
Q

cystocele

A

hernia of the bladder

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74
Q

decalcification

A

loss of calcium from bones or teeth

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75
Q

diaphoresis

A

excessive sweating

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76
Q

dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing

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77
Q

dyspepsia

A

indigestion

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78
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

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79
Q

dysphasia

A

difficulty speaking

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80
Q

dystrophy

A

abnormal development, often related to muscles

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81
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

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82
Q

esophagoptosis

A

downward displacement of the esophagus

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83
Q

fractures

A

know the different types

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84
Q

gigantism

A

excessive growth due to hormone imbalance

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85
Q

gingivoglossitis

A

inflammation of the gums and tongue

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86
Q

glomerulonephritis

A

inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidney

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87
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting blood

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88
Q

hemiplegia

A

paralysis of one side of the body

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89
Q

hemolysis

A

destruction of red blood cells

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90
Q

hemoptysis

A

coughing up blood

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91
Q

hyperalgesia

A

increased sensitivity to pain

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92
Q

hypercapnia

A

excessive carbon dioxide in the bloodstream

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93
Q

hyperemia

A

increased blood flow to an area

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94
Q

hypertension

A

high blood pressure

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95
Q

hyperthermia

A

high body temperature

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96
Q

hypogonadism

A

reduced function of the gonads

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97
Q

hypotension

A

low blood pressure

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98
Q

ichthyosis

A

dry, scaly skin

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99
Q

kyphosis

A

hunchback curvature of the spine

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100
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

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101
Q

leukemia

A

cancer of white blood cells

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102
Q

leukocytopenia

A

low white blood cell count

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103
Q

lordosis

A

swayback curvature of the spine

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104
Q

lymphostasis

A

stopping the flow of lymph

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105
Q

malaise

A

general feeling of discomfort or illness

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106
Q

megalocardia

A

enlargement of the heart

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107
Q

menorrhagia

A

excessive menstrual bleeding

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108
Q

myasthenia

A

muscle weakness

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109
Q

myxedema

A

severe hypothyroidism

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110
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

kidney stones

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111
Q

narcolepsy

A

sleep disorder characterized by sudden sleep attacks

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112
Q

oliguria

A

low urine output

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113
Q

omphalorrhexis

A

rupture of the navel

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114
Q

onychoma

A

tumor of the nail

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115
Q

onychomalacia

A

softening of the nails

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116
Q

onychophagia

A

nail biting

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117
Q

onychophagist

A

person who bites nails

118
Q

onychosis

A

abnormal condition of the nails

119
Q

ostealgia

A

bone pain

120
Q

osteomalacia

A

softening of bones

121
Q

osteoporosis

A

loss of bone density

122
Q

otitis media

A

inflammation of the middle ear

123
Q

paraplegia

A

paralysis of the lower body

124
Q

polycystic kidney disease

A

condition where the kidneys develop multiple cysts

125
Q

polycythemia

A

increased red blood cell count

126
Q

polydipsia

A

excessive thirst

127
Q

pseudocyesis

A

false pregnancy

128
Q

pyelonephritis

A

inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis

129
Q

pyorrhea

A

discharge of pus

130
Q

pyrexia

A

fever

131
Q

pyromania

A

obsession with fire

132
Q

quadriplegia

A

paralysis of all four limbs

133
Q

rhinopharyngitis

A

inflammation of the nose and throat

134
Q

scleroderma

A

hardening of the skin

135
Q

scoliosis

A

curvature of the spine

136
Q

seborrheic dermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin causing scaly patches

137
Q

semiconscious

A

partially conscious

138
Q

splenoptosis

A

downward displacement of the spleen

139
Q

splenorrhaphy

A

suture of the spleen

140
Q

splenorrhagia

A

bleeding from the spleen

141
Q

stomatodynia

A

pain in the mouth

142
Q

stomatomycosis

A

fungal infection of the mouth

143
Q

streptococcal pharyngitis

A

strep throat

144
Q

tachycardia

A

fast heart rate

145
Q

tachypnea

A

rapid breathing

146
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

low platelet count

147
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein with clot formation

148
Q

verruca

A

wart

149
Q

xanthoderma

A

yellow skin

150
Q

xeroderma

A

dry skin

151
Q

xerosis

A

abnormal dryness

152
Q

computed tomography (CT)

A

imaging procedure that uses computer-processed combinations of X-ray measurements

153
Q

cystography

A

imaging test of the bladder

154
Q

diverticuloscopy

A

examination of diverticula

155
Q

electroencephalogram (EEG)

A

test that detects electrical activity in the brain

156
Q

gastroduodenoscopy

A

examination of the stomach and the beginning of the small intestine

157
Q

lithotrite

A

instrument for crushing stones

158
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging, a scanning method used to view internal structures

159
Q

proctoscopy

A

examination of the rectum

160
Q

pyloroscopy

A

examination of the pylorus

161
Q

sialography

A

imaging test of the salivary glands

162
Q

sonography

A

ultrasound imaging

163
Q

ultrasound

A

imaging method using high-frequency sound waves

164
Q

anastomosis

A

connection between two vessels

165
Q

amniocentesis

A

puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw fluid

166
Q

amniorrhexis

A

rupture of the amniotic sac

167
Q

arthrectomy

A

removal of a joint

168
Q

arthroclasia

A

surgical breaking of a joint

169
Q

arthroplasty

A

surgical repair of a joint

170
Q

cheilorrhaphy

A

suture of the lip

171
Q

chiroplasty

A

surgical repair of the hand

172
Q

cholecystectomy

A

removal of the gallbladder

173
Q

chondroplasty

A

surgical repair of cartilage

174
Q

colopexy

A

surgical fixation of the colon

175
Q

coloplasty

A

surgical repair of the colon

176
Q

colostomy

A

creation of an opening between the colon and the abdominal wall

177
Q

colotomy

A

incision into the colon

178
Q

esophagogastrostomy

A

surgical connection between the esophagus and the stomach

179
Q

gastrectasis

A

dilation of the stomach

180
Q

gastroduodenal anastomosis

A

connection between the stomach and the duodenum

181
Q

gastropexy

A

surgical fixation of the stomach

182
Q

glossoplasty

A

surgical repair of the tongue

183
Q

glossostomy

A

creation of an opening in the tongue

184
Q

jejunoileostomy

A

surgical connection between the jejunum and ileum

185
Q

laparotomy

A

incision into the abdomen

186
Q

lithectomy

A

removal of stones

187
Q

lithotripsy

A

crushing of stones

188
Q

neurotomy

A

incision into a nerve

189
Q

neurotripsy

A

crushing of a nerve

190
Q

oophorohysterectomy

A

removal of the ovaries and uterus

191
Q

pneumectomy

A

removal of a lung

192
Q

proctoplasty

A

surgical repair of the rectum

193
Q

rhinoplasty

A

surgical repair of the nose

194
Q

splenorrhaphy

A

suture of the spleen

195
Q

stomatoectasia

A

dilation of the mouth

196
Q

thoracotomy

A

incision into the chest

197
Q

tonsilloadenoidectomy

A

removal of the tonsils and adenoids

198
Q

tracheotomy

A

incision into the trachea

199
Q

ureterocystostomy

A

surgical connection between the ureter and bladder

200
Q

vasorrhaphy

A

suture of a vessel

201
Q

aerosol

A

particles suspended in air

202
Q

analgesic

A

pain relief

203
Q

antiseptic

A

substance that prevents infection

204
Q

bactericidal

A

killing bacteria

205
Q

chemotherapy

A

treatment with drugs

206
Q

contraindication

A

reason not to use a treatment

207
Q

dialysis

A

removal of waste from the blood

208
Q

gastroenterology/gastroenterologist

A

study of the digestive system and its disorders

209
Q

gerontology/gerontologist

A

study of aging

210
Q

oncology/oncologist

A

study of cancer

211
Q

orthodontist/orthodontics

A

specialist in straightening teeth

212
Q

orthopedics/orthopedist

A

study and treatment of the musculoskeletal system

213
Q

pedodontist/pedodontics

A

children’s dentist

214
Q

podiatry/podiatrist

A

study and treatment of foot disorders

215
Q

ac

A

before meals

216
Q

ad lib, prn

A

as desired, as needed

217
Q

b.i.d

A

twice a day

218
Q

t.i.d

A

three times a day

219
Q

q.i.d.

A

four times a day

220
Q

Rx

A

take thou (prescription)

221
Q

c

A

with

222
Q

s

A

without

223
Q

CVA

A

cerebral vascular accident (stroke)

224
Q

DM

A

diabetes mellitus

225
Q

DVT

A

deep vein thrombosis (clot in a vein)

226
Q

EKG

A

electrocardiogram

227
Q

ENT

A

ear, nose, and throat

228
Q

HPV

A

human papillomavirus

229
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

230
Q

WBC

A

white blood cell (leukocyte)

231
Q

achromasia

A

absence of pigment or color

232
Q

anter(o)

A

anterior, front

233
Q

bifurcate

A

branching of veins

234
Q

biopsy

A

cutting live tissue for examination

235
Q

bucc(o)

A

cheek cavity

236
Q

centesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid

237
Q

chol(e)

A

bile

238
Q

iatrogenic

A

caused by treatment

239
Q

idiopathic

A

unknown cause

240
Q

intravenous

A

within a vein

241
Q

ichthyoid

A

fish-like

242
Q

lactase/lactose

A

enzyme and sugar related to milk

243
Q

lipase

A

fat enzyme

244
Q

lipoid

A

fat-like

245
Q

lithogenesis

A

formation of stones

246
Q

lumen

A

inside space of a tubular structure

247
Q

microtome

A

instrument to cut thin slices of tissue

248
Q

multigravida/multipara

A

multiple pregnancies/births

249
Q

nosocomial

A

hospital-acquired

250
Q

olfactory

A

relating to the sense of smell

251
Q

parturition

A

childbirth

252
Q

postnatal

A

after birth

253
Q

prenatal

A

before birth

254
Q

primigravida/primipara

A

first pregnancy/birth

255
Q

pyogenesis

A

pus formation

256
Q

semiconscious

A

partially conscious

257
Q

sudoriferous

A

sweat-producing

258
Q

vasodilation

A

widening of blood vessels

259
Q

chondr(o)

A

cartilage

260
Q

colp(o)

A

vagina

261
Q

core(o)

A

pupil of the eye

262
Q

cubital

A

forearm

263
Q

dacryorrhea

A

excess flow of tears

264
Q

distal

A

further away

265
Q

endocrinology

A

study of glands and their hormones

266
Q

etiology

A

study of the cause of disease

267
Q

flexion

A

bend or reduce the angle of a joint

268
Q

frontal bone

A

forehead

269
Q

kal(i)

A

potassium

270
Q

lingual

A

pertaining to the tongue

271
Q

lithotripsy

A

surgical crushing of a stone (calculus)

272
Q

menton

A

the chin

273
Q

mental

A

pertaining to the chin

274
Q

metr(o)

A

uterine, or to measure

275
Q

myel(o)

A

spinal cord

276
Q

nephrology

A

study of the kidneys

277
Q

olfact

A

smell or nose

278
Q

plantar flexion

A

point toes (point foot below ankle)

279
Q

poples

A

the posterior region of the knee

280
Q

posteri(o)

A

posterior, back

281
Q

pronation

A

palm down

282
Q

proximal

A

closer

283
Q

supination

A

palm up

284
Q

sphygm(o)

A

pulse

285
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

instrument used to assess blood pressure

286
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing

287
Q

stethoscope

A

instrument used to listen to the chest

288
Q

sublingual

A

below the tongue

289
Q

temporal lobe

A

lobe of the brain near the temples (above ears)

290
Q

zygomatic bone

A

cheek bone

Medical Terminology Final Review (2 decks)

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