medical terminology quiz Flashcards by juliana Bartoletti

A term that means pertaining to a rib and its associated cartilage is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  chondrocostal 
  chondrogenesis
  iliopubic
  radioulnar

Chondrocostal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A term that means under the breastbone is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  inguinal
  humeral
  infraclavicular
  substernal

Substernal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Patellofemoral refers to the kneecap and the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ bone.
  arm
  forearm
  thigh 
  leg

Thigh

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The process by which tissue becomes hardened with calcium is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  myelitis
  calcification 
  decalcification
  tarsalgia

Calcification

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Pain in the larger bone of the lower leg is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  cephalodynia
  fibulocalcaneal
  tendonitis
  tibialgia

Tibialgia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The name for the bones of the hand is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  metacarpals 
  metatarsals
  carpals
  phalanges

Metacarpals

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The combining form radi/o can mean radiant energy or a bone of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
  leg
  chest
  skull
  forearm

Forearm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This term means beneath the cartilage: ____________

infraclavicular
subchondral
costochondral
intercostal

Subchondral

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The motion that straightens a limb is _______________.

circumduction
rotation
flexion
extension

Extension

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Strong bands of fibrous connective tissue that connect bone to bone are __________.

tendons
fascia
ligaments 
synovia

Ligaments

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Another term for skeletal muscle is ____________ muscle.

voluntary 
involuntary
cardiac
visceral

Voluntary

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Two combining forms that mean muscle are ________ and ________.

my/o, myalg/o
my/o, muscul/o 
muscul/o, myalg/o
my/o, miot/o

my/o, muscul/o

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The displacement of a bone from a joint is _____________.

dislocation
fracture
open reduction
strain

Dislocation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The term that means protrusion of a muscle through its sheath is _________.

carpopotosis
myocele 
myeloma
myolysis

The term that means protrusion of a muscle through its sheath is _________.

Myocele

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This term means partial paralysis of the lower limbs.

quadriparesis
tetraparesis
paraplegia
paraparesis

paraparesis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Trauma to a muscle caused by violent contract or excessive forcible stretch.

fracture
fibromyalgia
strain 
myofibrosis

Strain

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This term means rupture of an intervertebral disk.

herniated disk 
fractured disk
dislocated disk
sprained disk

Herniated disk

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A disease characterized by great muscular weakness and fatigue is ______.

chondrosarcoma
musculofacial
myasthenia gravis 
spondylomalacia

myasthenia gravis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Inflammation of the bone and cartilage is __________.

arthritis
herniated disk
osteochondritis 
osteomyelitis

osteochondritis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A term that means either inflammation of the bone marrow or inflammation of the spinal cord is _____________.

laminectomy
leukemia
myelitis 
rheumatism

Myelitis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This is the result of a defect in bone mineralization.

osteomalacia 
osteitis
sarcoma
osteochondritis

osteomalacia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This is a connective tissue tumor composed of cartilage.

multiple myeloma
chondrosarcoma 
spina bifida
craniocele

chondrosarcoma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This is lateral curvature of the spine.

thoracalgia
lymbago
scoliosis 
kyphosis

scoliosis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This is flattening of the arch of the foot.

tarsoptosis 
rheumatism
osteitis deformans
spondylomalacia

tarsoptosis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This is the second most common connective tissue disease; chronic and systemic. osteoarthritis rheumatoid arthritis gout ankylosis

rheumatoid arthritis

This is incision of a joint. arthritis arthropathy lupus arthrotomy

arthrotomy

This is a fiberoptic endoscope for examining joints. arthroscopy arthroscope arthrodynia dermatome

arthroscope

Surgical puncture of a joint is ____________. arthrocentesis arthrodynia articulation calcification

arthrocentesis

Surgical excision of a wrist bone is a ____________________. tarsectomy carpectomy carpophalangeal vertebroplasty

carpectomy

Pulling broken bone fragments into alignment is ____________. vertebroplasty reduction diskectomy augmentation

reduction

Surgical removal of the posterior arch of a vertebra is __________. tendoplasty cranioplasty laminectomy anti-osteoporotics

laminectomy

Destruction of bone marrow from cancer treatment is _____________. myelitis myofasciitis myelogenous myelosuppression

myelosuppression

This type of muscle is also called smooth muscle because it lacks striations.

visceral

These "striated" muscle cells are involuntary.

cardiac

This is the fibrous membrane that covers, supports, and separates muscles.

fascia

This structure is a band of tissue that attaches the muscles to bones.

tendon

This term means pertaining to the ischium.

ischial

This term means pertaining to the upper arm bone and shoulder blade.

humeroscapular

This term means pertaining to the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.

thoracolumbar

This term means pertaining to the tailbone.

coccygeal

This term means destruction of a muscle.

myolysis

This term means inflammation of the bones of the fingers and toes.

phalangitis

The term for tiny vessels with one-cell-thick walls. arteries venules veins capillaries

Capillaries

The term for the largest vein of the body venae cavae jugular inferior vena cava femoral

venae cavae

The term for the largest artery of the body aorta arteriole cardiomegaly plasma

aorta

The term for the vessels the deliver blood to the veins arterioles jugulars vena cava venules

venules

The term for small arteries capillaries arterioles atria aneurysms

arterioles

The chamber that receives blood from the venae cavae right atrium left atrium right ventricle left ventricle

right atrium

The chamber that delivers blood to the aorta right atrium left atrium right ventricle left ventricle

left ventricle

Valves between the atria and the ventricles semilunar atrioventricular aortic pulmonary

atrioventricular

The sac made of a double membrane that encloses the heart myocardium endocardium pericardium semilunar

pericardium

The muscular layer of the heart myocardium endocardium pericardium visceral pericardium

myocardium

The term that means an irregular heartbeat is ______________. arrhythmia cardiopulmonary hypertension hypotension

arrhythmia

The process of directing ultrasonic waves through the chest wall to produce a recording of the heart is ______________. catheterization echocardiogram echocardiography tomography

echocardiography

Primary disease of the heart muscle itself endocarditis cardiomyopathy pericarditis shock

cardiomyopathy

A soft blowing or rasping sound that may be heard when listening to the heart murmur hyperlipidemia fibrillation infarction

murmur

Necrosis of a localized area of heart tissue caused by lack of blood supply septal defect cardiomegaly hypotension infarction

infarction

A decrease in the caliber of blood vessels is ________________. fibrillation hyperemesis polyuria vasoconstriction

vasoconstriction

Sudden blocking of an artery or lymph vessel by foreign material that has been brought to the site of the blockage by circulating blood is a/an ______________. aneurysm atrial septal defect embolism myocardial infarction

embolism

The record produced from radiography of an artery is an ___________. arterial arteriogram arteriography arteriopathy

arteriogram

A tumor consisting primarily of blood vessels hemangioma sarcoma cholesterol melanoma

hemangioma

One type of lipid glucose cholesterol catheter starch

cholesterol

Method that diverts blood away from the heart and lungs during surgery cardioversion bypass defibrillation phlebectomy

bypass

Restoring the heart's normal rhythm using electrical shock catheterization resuscitation digoxin cardioversion

cardioversion

An agent that dissolves blood clots thrombolytic antiarrhythmic antihypertensive antilipidemic

thrombolytic

Removes plaque from the lining of an artery hemorrhoidectomy diuretic atherectomy antihypertensive

atherectomy

Agent that reduces blood volume through greater excretion of water nitroglycerin antiarrhythmic diuretic antilipidemic

diuretic

The name of the fluid generally associated with lymphatic vessels is _________. blood lymph lymphedema lymphoid

lymph

The term for masses of lymphatic tissue in the throat. tonsils spleen thymus cisterna chyli

tonsils

Radiography of the lymphatic vessels and nodes after injection of dye lymphoma lymphangitis lymphedema lymphangiography

lymphangiography

One of the main lymphatic channels that returns lymph to the cardiovascular circulation inguinal thoracic duct axillary thymus

thoracic duct

Which type of fluid is collected by lymphatic channels? intracellular intraarterial interstitial subclavian

interstitial

Any disease of the lymph nodes splenitis splenomegaly lymphadenopathy lymhadenoma

lymphadenopathy

Enlargement of the spleen splenitis splenomegaly lymphadenitis lymphangitis

splenomegaly

Excision of the adenoids is adenectomy adenoidectomy adenoiditis adenotome

adenoidectomy

The term for a tumor that originates in the lymphatic system is __________. embolus lymphoma thrombus varicosity

lymphoma

Surgical excision of the spleen is a _________________. ventricular septal defect semilunar valve splenomegaly splenectomy

splenectomy

This term means any disease of the arteries.

arteriopathy

This term is an agent used to reduce blood pressure.

antihypertensive

Which term specifically means inflammation of a lymph node?

lymphadenitis

What term means inflammation of the aorta?

aortitis

What is the term for a heart rate of 45 beats per minute?

bradycardia

A patient in the emergency room is having rapid and uncoordinated muscle contractions of the heart. The physician decides to use an external electric device to shock the heart. What is this procedure called?

defibrillation

This term means the ballooning out of a blood vessel.

aneurysm

What word is also used as a suffix to mean narrowing?

stenosis

This term means pertaining to the heart and lungs.

cardiopulmonary

This diagnostic term means increased blood pressure.

hypertension

A term that means pertaining to the nose and throat is __________. nares nasopharyngeal pharyngotracheal pharynx

nasopharyngeal

A term that means pertaining to the lungs and heart is _____________. cardionephric cardiovascular pneumocardial pneumothorax

A term that means pertaining to the lungs and heart is _____________. pneumocardial

Another term for inspiration is ____________. injection imbibition exhalation inhalation

inhalation

The muscular wall that contracts with breathing is the _______________. diaphragm tendonitis pleura sinuses

diaphragm

Each bronchus divides into smaller ____________. epiglottis paranasal sinuses trachea bronchioles

bronchioles

Visual inspection of the tracheobronchial tree with an instrument designed to pass through the trachea is _____________________. bronchography bronchoscope bronchscopy tracheobronchomegaly

bronchscopy

A term that means increased aeration of the lungs is ______________. orthopnea spirometry vital capacity hyperventilation

hyperventilation

A term that is used almost interchangeably with hypoxia is ___________. anoxia bradycardia bradypnea spirometry

anoxia

An increased respiratory rate or breathing that is deeper than normal is ______________. hyperemesis hyperpnea orthopnea paracentesis

hyperpnea

Measurement of the amount of air inhaled and exhaled from the lungs is ____________. spirograph hypopnea spirometry tachypnea

spirometry

Watery discharge from the nose is called _____________. rhinitis rhinorrhea sinusitis rhinorrhagia

rhinorrhea

The medical term for "pertaining to the voice box" is ______________. laryngeal pharyngeal laryngopharynx aphonia

laryngeal

The lidlike structure that covers the larynx during swallowing is the __________. larynx trachea epiglottis esophagus

epiglottis

The medical term for nostrils is __________. sinuses nasal septa nasal conchae nares

nares

Inflammation of the throat is called ____________. pharyngitis pharyngorrhea sinusitis rhinitis

pharyngitis

Inflammation of the bronchioles is __________. bronchitis bronchiolitis bronchioles bronchus

bronchiolitis

A respiratory condition caused by inhalation of dust particles is ___________. pneumonia bronchitis pneumoconiosis pleuritis

pneumoconiosis

A chronic, noninfectious pulmonary disease characterized by an increase in the size of alveoli and by destructive changes in their walls is ______________. emphysema influenza rhinorrhea tuberculosis

emphysema

A term than means occurring in sudden, periodic attacks or a recurrence of symptoms is ________________. alveolar dyspneic paroxysmal wheeze

paroxysmal

An abnormal protruding growth from the nasal mucosa is a _________. carcinoma paranasal sinus pulmonary embolism nasal polyp

nasal polyp

A method of dislodging windpipe obstructions decongestant transtracheal oxygen cannulation Heimlich maneuver

Heimlich maneuver

These medications prevent or relieve coughing antitussives antihistamines bronchodilators mucolytics

These medications prevent or relieve coughing | antitussives

These medications are used to treat allergies antitussives antihistamines bronchodilators mucolytics

antihistamines

Insertion of an airway tube into the trachea ventilator tracheotomy endotracheal intubation nasal cannula

endotracheal intubation

These medications eliminate or reduce swelling or congestion decongestants heparin nitroglycerin ventilators

decongestants

A term for excision of all or part of the lungs is __________________. lobectomy lobotomy pleurectomy pneumectomy

pneumectomy

Plastic surgery of the nose is __________. rhinotomy rhinoplasty rhinorrhagia paracentesis

rhinoplasty

Surgical puncture of a lung to drain fluid is __________. percutaneous biopsy lobectomy pneumocentesis ventilation

pneumocentesis

Removal of small pieces of lung tissue for diagnosis is _________. lung biopsy paracentesis thoracentesis laryngectomy

lung biopsy

This term means the same as thoracentesis and thoracic paracentesis. pneumonectomy abdominal paracentesis thoracocentesis percutaneous biopsy

thoracocentesis

A person with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease probably suffers shortness of breath, also called ________________.

dyspnea

This is a synonym for pneumonia, an acute inflammation that may be caused by microorganisms or a hypersensitivity reaction.

pneumonitis

This incision in the neck may be made as an emergency measure at an accident site

tracheotomy

This type of tonsil means pertaining to the throat.

pharyngeal

This condition, absence of the voice, may result from abuse of the vocal cords.

aphonia

This adjective pertains to viewing the large air passages in the lungs.

bronchoscopic

This inflammation is characterized by dyspnea and stabbing pain.

pleurisy

This term means an abnormally slow rate of breathing.

bradypnea

This is a synonym for laryngodynia.

laryngalgia

The structure that separates the two nares is the nasal ____________.

septum

The oral intake of substances into the body is _______. absorption metabolism ingestion digestion

ingestion

The process in which digested food molecules enter the blood and lymph capillaries is __________. absorption metabolism ingestion digestion

absorption

The nutrient class that is the basic source of energy for human cells is _________. proteins water lipids carbohydrates

carbohydrates

The product of digestion of sugars and starches is _____________. lactose amylase glucose lipase

glucose

An enzyme that breaks down fats is a _____________. lactase lipase protease proteinase

lipase

The upper gastrointestinal tract consists of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, and ____________. stomach small intestines liver salivary glands

stomach

Glossal means pertaining to the ____________. lips cheek tongue throat

tongue

Pain in the stomach is termed ___________. gastric lavage mandibular gastromegaly gastralgia

gastralgia

The dental specialty of diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the dental pulp and tooth root is called __________. molarity endodontics orthodontics pedodontics

The dental specialty of diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the dental pulp and tooth root is called __________. endodontics

The digestive tract is also called the _____________ tract. gastric esophageal alimentary lingual

alimentary

The first part of the small intestine is the ___________. ileocecal valve appendix rectum duodenum

duodenum

The part of the small intestine that connects with the large intestine is the ___________. jejunum duodenum ileum appendix

ileum

The _________ colon connects the transverse colon with the sigmoid colon cecum ascending descending anal

descending

Saliva is produced by the ___________ glands. pituitary salivary gingival bicuspid

salivary

The largest internal organ is the _____________. liver stomach pancreas gall bladder

liver

Radiographic examination of the salivary glands and ducts is ___________. cholangiography ileostomy proctoscopy sialography

sialography

An x-ray image of the esophagus taken during swallowing of a liquid barium suspension is an _____________. enema esophagram esophagoscopy angiogram

esophagram

Inspection of the rectum and sigmoid colon with an endoscope is ____________. sialography gastroscopy sigmoidoscopy a barium meal

sigmoidoscopy

Excessive hunger and uncontrolled eating is ______________. polyphagia polyuria polydipsia glycosuria

polyphagia

Excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutrition is ___________. obesity bulimia anorexia nervosa emaciation

emaciation

Excessive vomiting is ______________. anorexia hyperemesis hyperlipemia hypoglycemia

hyperemesis

Inflammation of the lip is ___________. cheilitis enteritis gingivitis glossitis

cheilitis

Inability to swallow is ______________. dysphagia lingual malnutrition malocclusion

Inability to swallow is ______________. dysphagia

A complex of large and swollen veins in the esophagus is called ___________. endodontitis canker sores a gastrocele esophageal varices

esophageal varices

Inflammation of the mouth is ___________. glossitis varices stomatitis GERD

stomatitis

A chronic liver disease characterized by marked degeneration of liver cells is ___________. cholecystitis cirrhosis appendicitis diverticulosis

cirrhosis

Stoppage or delay in the passage of food through the intestine is _________. cholestasis duodenal ulcer hemorrhoids enterostasis

enterostasis

The presence of stones in the gall bladder is ___________. cholecystectomy colitis cholelithiasis duodenitis

cholelithiasis

A condition characterized by yellow coloration of the skin, whites of the eyes, mucous membranes, and body fluids is ____________. jaundice appendicitis cholangitis hyperglycemia

jaundice

Inflammation of the stomach and intestinal tract is ______________. colitis gastroenteritis stomatitis gingivitis

gastroenteritis

A strong medication used to promote full evacuation of the bowel is a ____________. antiemetic antidiarrheal bypass purgative

purgative

Surgical excision of the dilated veins of the anus is termed _________________. hemorrhoidectomy ileostomy gastrectomy vagotomy

hemorrhoidectomy

Removal of pancreatic stones is ____________. cholelithotomy pancreatolithectomy pancreatomy sialolithiasis

pancreatolithectomy

Surgical creation of a new opening into the stomach through the abdominal wall is ____________. gastrectomy gastrostomy laparocholecystotomy laparoscopy

gastrostomy

The term for surgically joining two spaces or organs that are normally separate is _______. alimentary anorexia anastomosis hyperemia

anastomosis

This term means pertaining to the long tube that extends from the pharynx to the stomach.

esophageal

This physician specializes in the branch of medicine that treats disorders of the colon, rectum, and anus.

proctologist

This term means painful digestion.

dyspepsia

This term means pertaining to bile.

biliary

This radiographic procedure outlines the major bile ducts

cholangiography

This flexible, fiberoptic tube is used to view the interior of the stomach.

gastroscope

Digestion begins in the mouth because this enzyme is present in saliva.

amylase

An insatiable appetite is common in this eating disorder.

bulimia

This term means pertaining to the common bile duct.

choledochal

Creation of an artificial anus on the abdominal wall connecting the colon to the outside is called a _________________.

colostomy

The main nitrogenous waste found in normal urine is __________. blood urea albumin sugar

urea

Wastes are eliminated through the process of _____________. absorption ingestion excretion ketosis

excretion

The act of voiding urine is called _____________. tubular reabsorption dialysis uremia urination

urination

One kidney function is to stimulate red blood cell production by secreting __________________. urine urea testosterone erythropoietin

erythropoietin

The branch of medicine concerned with the urinary tract plus the male genital tract is _____________. urology genealogy urologist gynecology

urology

The term for a structural and functional unit of the kidney is ___________. adhesion ketone nephron nephrosis

nephron

The structures that transport urine from the kidney to the bladder are ____________. ureters urethras cystic renal

ureters

Urine is expelled from the bladder through this canal. ureter urethra cyst nephron

urethra

A cluster of blood vessels surrounded by Bowman's capsule is a _____________. ureter cyst tubule glomerulus

glomerulus

The parts of a nephron that reabsorb and secrete substances are called ____________. tubules renal arteries renal veins capsules

tubules

Pus in the urine is __________. albuminuria glycosuria pyuria urethritis

pyuria

The direct visualization of the urinary tract by means of an instrument inserted into the bladder is ______________. cystoscopy nephrosonography nephrotomography urography

cystoscopy

A radiographic study to assess the blood supply to the kidneys is called renal ________________. phlebotomy arteriogram retrography angiography

angiography

A specialized endoscope used to view the kidneys is a ___________. gastroscope bronchoscope gastroscopy nephroscope

nephroscope

Ultrasonography of the kidneys is called ____________. nephrotomography nephrosonography urography cystoscopy

nephrosonography

The term for a toxic condition of the body associated with renal insufficiency is ______________. excretion glomerulus nephrotoxic uremia

uremia

Inflammation of the renal pelvis is _____________. pyelitis cystitis ureteritis urethritis

pyelitis

The condition of kidney stones is ______________. nephromegaly nephrolithiasis nephritis cystolithiasis

nephrolithiasis

The inability to hold urine in the bladder is ___________. retention infection incontinence insufficiency

incontinence

Renal cell carcinoma is the medical term for _________________. kidney cancer dialysis uremia polycystic kidney disease

kidney cancer

Kidney dialysis is the same as ______________. diuretics hemodialysis cystostomy ureteroplasty

hemodialysis

A tube inserted into the renal pelvis on a temporary basis is called a _____________. urethral catheterization ureteral catheterization suprapubic catheterization percutaneous nephrostomy

percutaneous nephrostomy

Placement of a catheter through the abdominal wall just above the pubic symphysis is ____________. urethral catheterization ureteral catheterization suprapubic catheterization percutaneous nephrostomy

suprapubic catheterization

An agent that causes increased urination is a/n _____________. erythropoietin peritoneum nephroscope diuretic

diuretic

TURP is used in men for surgery on the ___________ gland. prostate renal cystic urethral

prostate

The term for the instrument used to surgically crush bladder stones is ___________. cystoscope cystoscopy lithotripsy lithotrite

lithotrite

The term for formation of a new opening into the kidney is ____________. cystostomy cystotomy nephrostomy nephrotomy

nephrostomy

Removal of tissue from the kidney using needle puncture of skin is called ___________. percutaneous renal biopsy ureteroplasty nephroscopy nephropexy

percutaneous renal biopsy

Small pieces of tissue are removed through the wall of the urethra in ________________. transurethral resection extracorporeal lithotripsy peritoneal dialysis uremia

transurethral resection

The term for removal of a kidney through incisions in the abdominal wall is ______________. laparoscopic nephrectomy nephrostomy ureteral catheterization dialysis

laparoscopic nephrectomy

This term means blood in the urine

hematuria

This term means pertaining to a ureter.

ureteral

This synonym for nephrostomy means the formation of a new opening into the renal pelvis.

pyelostomy

This tube drains urine from the bladder.

urethra

This is a herniation of the bladder through the wall of the vagina

cystocele

Surgical crushing of a stone is called _____________.

lithotripsy

A morbid softening of the kidney is called ______________.

nephromalacia

This term means downward displacement of the kidney.

nephroptosis

This type of dialysis pertains to the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity.

peritoneal

This term means sugar in the urine.

glycosuria