Medical Terminology Nervous System Flashcards
1
Q
System includes brain and spinal cord
A
Central nervous system
2
Q
System contains 12 cranial nerves, 31 peripheral spinal nerves
A
Peripheral nervous system
3
Q
Bundle of neurons
A
Nerve
4
Q
Group of nerve fibers in brain or spinal cord
A
Tract
5
Q
Carry impulses TO the brain
A
Ascending nerve tracts
6
Q
Carry inpulses FROM the brain
A
Descending nerve tracts
7
Q
Cluster of nerves OUTside of the central nervous system
A
Ganglion
8
Q
Supply of nerves to a body part
A
Innervation
9
Q
Network of intersecting nerves
A
Plexus
10
Q
Sites in the sensory organs
A
Receptors
11
Q
Anything that excites sensors
A
Stimulus
12
Q
Automatic involuntary response
A
Reflex
13
Q
Basic cells of nervous system
A
Neurons
14
Q
Sensory neurons SAM ACE
A
Afferent neurons - part of ascending tract
15
Q
Connecting neurons - carry info between Afferent and Efferent SAM ACE
A
Associative neurons
16
Q
Motor neurons SAM ACE
A
Efferent neurons - part of descending tract
17
Q
Nerve roots that receive impulses, send TO the neuron
A
Dendrites
18
Q
Nerve roots that send pulses FROM the nueron
A
Axon
19
Q
End of axon - lead impulse to synapse
A
Terminal end fibers
20
Q
Space between two neurons
A
Synapse
21
Q
Chemicals that allow impulse to cross between neurons
A
NeurOtransmitters
22
Q
Surround and support neurons - nerve glue
A
Glial cells
23
Q
Protective nerve covering made up of glial cells
A
Myelin sheath - white matter
24
Q
Protective cover of brain and spinal chord
A
Meninges - dura, arachnoid, pia
25
Thick outermost layer of the meninges
Dura mater (only one T)
26
Middle layer of the meninges
AracHnoid membrane
27
Internal layer of the meninges
Pia mater (only one T)
28
Spinal fluid - produced in cerebrum
Cerebrospinal fluid cerebrO
29
Below cerebrum, relays impulses
Thalamus thal A mus
30
Controls 7 major regulatory functions - below thalAmus
Hypothalmus
31
Connects hemispheres to spinal cord
Brainstem
32
Two conduction pathways - also control s movements of eyes and head
Midbrain and Pons (PONZ) s and z
33
Lowest part of brainstem - at spinal cord
Medulla 2 Ls
34
31 pairs of nerves to body
Peripheral spinal one word?
35
Controls involuntary actions - heart
Autonomic nervous system
36
Prepares body for emergencies - fight or flight - autonomic SAM ACE
Sympathetic nervous system - efferent
37
Returns body to normal after stress - autonomic SAM ACE
ParaSympathetic nervous system - efferent
38
Dr administers anesthesia
AnestheSiologist
39
NOT a dr, but administers anesthesia
Anesthetist
40
Dr treats nervous system
Neurologist
41
Dr specializes in neuro surgery
Neurosurgeon
42
Dr treats emotional probs
Psychiatrist
43
NOT a dr, but treats emotional probs
Psychologist cho lo
44
Headache
Cephalalgia cEphal algia only one H
45
Headache on one side of head
Cluster
46
Herniation of brain tissue
Encephalocele en cephal O cele
47
Herniation of the meninges
Meningocele
48
Excess fluid in brain ventricles
Hydrocephalus
49
Inflamation of meninges - caused by infection of spinal cord
Meningitis
50
Inflamation of the brain - caused by virus
Encephalitis En cephal itis
51
Childhood disorder - vomiting and confusion - from aspirin
Reye's Syndrome
52
Infection of central nervous system - caused by Bacteria/toxin - lockjaw
TetAnus
53
Brusing of brain tissue
Cerebral conTusion (one S)
54
Bood trapped in brain tissue
Cranial HemAtoma
55
Fainting
Syncope
56
Consciousness - Coma with states of awake/asleep
Persistent vegatative state
57
Confusion disorientation delusions
Delirium deli ri um
58
Stroke
CerebrOvascular accident
59
Stroke from blocked blood vessel
Ischemic stroke
60
Stroke caused by TEMP interuption of blood supply to brain
TIA Transient Ischemic Attack
61
Inability to speak - caused by stroke
Aphasia
62
Stroke caused by LEAKING vein (a "bleed")
HemOrrhagic stroke
63
Sleepwalking
SomnambUlism
64
Inflamation of spinal cord
Myelitis
65
Tumor on spinal cord
Myelosis
66
Viral infection - Contagious inflamation disease of the spinal cord = graying
Poliomyelitis
67
Pinched nerve - radiates pain and numbness
RadicULitis U Cervical or Lumbar
68
Pain from pressure on nerve roots in neck
Cervical radiculopathy radicUL O pathy
69
Pain from pressure on nerve roots in back
Lumbar radiculopathy radicUL O pathy
70
Autoimmune disorder - inflamation in myelin sheath of CENTRAL nerv system - many hardening
Multiple Sclerosis (no H)
71
Lou Gerig's disease - attacks voluntary muscle control
Amyotropic Lateral Sclerosis
72
Temp paralysis of face, drooping face - from 7th cranial nerve - peripheral/cranial
Bell's Palsy
73
Inflamation of myelin sheath of PERIPHERAL nerves - infectious polyneuritis - autoimmune
GuiLLain-Barre syndrome
74
Pain due to inflamation of 5th cranial nerve - peripheral/cranial
TriGEMinal Neuralgia
75
Condition includes spasticity, speech defects - due to premature birth and injuries during birth
Cerebral Palsy
76
Chronic condition - seizures
EpiLepsy one L
77
Sudden surge of electrical activity in brain
Seizure
78
Burning pain from nerve injury
CausALGIA
79
Abnormal sensitivity to touch
Hyperesthesia
80
Burning sensation in several body parts
PAResthesia PAR
81
Pain in hands/feet - Disorder in nerves that carry info to brain, usually from diabetes
Peripheral neuropathy
82
MRI and CT - for soft tissue exams
Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Computed ToMography
83
Ultrasound of carotid artery - diagnositic procedure for strokes
Carotid Ultrasonography
84
Ultrasound of brain's midline structure - BOUNCE sound off middle
EchoENcephalography
85
radiographic study of spinal cord w medium
Myelography
86
Drug - Barbiturate used as sedative and hypnotic
AmobarbitAL one M
87
Drug - prevents seizures
Anticonvulsant
88
Drug - calm/depress central nervous system
BarbituRATE
89
Drug - Barbiturate used as sedative and anticonvulsant
PhenobarbitAL
90
Abscence of normal sensation
Anesthesia
91
Regional anesthesia in lumbar
Epidural anesthesia
92
Surgical removal of portion of brain
Lobectomy
93
Surgical incision - for treatment of parkinsons
Thalamotomy
94
Persistent irrational fear
Phobia
95
Fear of high places
AcrOphobia
96
Fear of public places and panic attacks
AgorAphobia
97
Fear of spiders
ArachNOphobia
98
Fear of enclosed spaces
ClaustrOphobia
99
Child cannot develop normal relationships like they oughta
Autism
100
Inability to process symbols
Dyslexia
101
3 tests of retardation
1) intellectual function 2) adaptive function, 3) early onset
102
brain word root
Encephalo
103
brain and spinal cord word root
Meningo
104
nerve word root
Radiculo
105
sensation word root
esthesia
106
stupor word part
narc/o
107
sleep word part
somn/o mn
108
3 types of Peripheral nerves
Autonomic, Sensory, Somatic
109
Voluntary movement nervous system SAM ACE
Somatic - efferent
110
Two parts of autonomic system (part of cranial)
Sympathetic and PARAsympathetic
111
Headache on one side of head, with aura, vomiting, light sensitivity
Migraine headache
112
Trauma from shaking brain
Concussion (two Ss)
113
Bruising of brain
Contusion (only one S)
114
Two types of Hematoma
SUBdural and EPIdural
115
Inadequate dopamine
Parkinson's disease
116
Abnormal tingling sensation
PAReSthesia
117
Consciousness - lithlessness, apathy, drowsy
Lethargy
118
Consciousness - fainting
SynCOPE
119
Consciousness - Impaired awareness of enviro stimuli
Stupor
120
Consciousness - very sleepy, but still responsive
Somnolence
121
Consciousness - deep UNconsciousness - no response to stimuli
Coma
122
Thinking, learning, memory
Cognition
123
Cognition - decline in cognition, changes in personality
Dementia
124
Cognition - confused, anxious, unable to think clearly
Delirium deli ri um
125
Loss of normal behavioral function
PsycHosis
126
Perception with no basis in external stimuli
Hallucination
127
False belief despite evidence
Delusion
128
Lack of responsiveness, stupor, fixed posture
CatAtonia
129
Mood - lethargy, sadness, loss of interest - long-lasting
Depression Clinical Depression
130
Mood - at least two weeks of depression
Major Depressive Episode
131
Mood - chronic depression, 50% of time, more than two years
DysTHYmia
132
Mood - abnormally elevated mood - opposite of depression
Mania (manic episode)
133
Mood - swing between depression and mania
Bipolar disorder
134
Anxiety - competitive behavior to reduce stress - hand washing
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
135
Recording electrical activity in brain
ElectroENcephalography
136
Drug - reduces pain without affecting consciousness - aspirin
Analgesic
137
Drug - reduces pain - produces state of calm, but NOT sleep
Sedative
138
Drug - produces state of calm, AND SLEEP
Hypnotic
